Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Med Surge > Ch.6 Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balance > Flashcards

Ch.6 Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balance Flashcards

1
Q

Hypochloremia(concentration of blood chloride is low) is usually associated with what?

A

Metabolic acidosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What process helps with elimination of waste in the kidneys?

A

Filtration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Sodium primarily maintains extracellular fluid_______

A

Osmolality

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Because an antiacid counter acts acid, what might a patient present with that takes a lot of antacids?

A

Metabolic Acidosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

True or False: Mg2+ is found in bone, intracellular AND extracellular fluid

A

False

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Name two s/s of a patient with hypernatremia?

A

Thirst, flushed skin, dry mucous membrane, low urine output, increased heart rate and convulsions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

A patient who has renal damage is at risk of what?

A

Hyperkalemia (high potassium)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

How does a kidney prevent excessive fluid loss?

A

Absorption in the tubules

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

How much does 1 L of fluid weigh?

A

2.2lbs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

In Metabolic Acidosis, the pH is low. What might a nurse observe in a patient who is trying to compensate?

A

Hyperventilation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

When a patient is hypovolemic(fluid deficit), that main treatment is?

A

Intake fluids (drinking, IV fluids, blood)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Ions that have a positive electrical charge are called?

A

cations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

K+ is found in the ______ cellular fluid

A

Intracellular

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Fluid balance is mainly monitored in the body by which two systems?

A

Circulatory and Renal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Bananas, carrots, and tomatoes are high in which electrolytes?

A

Potassium (K+)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

If a patient is hyperventilating, what condition might they bring on?

A

Respiratory Alkalosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

If you have an order to administer K+ and a patients K+ is high, what should you do?

A

Call the provider

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

If a patient is very thirsty a nurse would suspect ______ sodium and _____ water

A

High, Low

18
Q

With severe Metabolic Acidosis a nurse should assess what often?

A

Mental and Neuro status

19
Q

True or False: Extracellular fluids is responsible for carrying fluids with nutrients and wastes

A

true

20
Q

What is the most abundant intracellular + charged electrolyte?

A

Potassium (K+)

21
Q

What lab values would you expect to be elevated in a patient with dehydration?

A

Hemoglobin and Hematocrit

22
Q

What makes up the largest portion of the body?

A

water

23
Q

In an older adult, what is an early indicator of dehydration?

A

constipation

24
Q

Oxygen goes out of the arteries and into the capillaries by a random movement called?

A

diffusion

25
Q

What should the nurse immediately assess when discovering a high K+?

A

heart rhythm

26
Q

What type of IV fluids might decrease urine output and require you to update the RN?

A

D5W

27
Q

What diagnosis could you expect if a patient has had IV fluids running in fast for a long time?

A

pulmonary edema

28
Q

Electrolytes are dissolved into smaller particles called what?

A

ions

29
Q

When water is absorbed in the renal tubules, the urine will become more or less concentrated?

A

more

30
Q

Will urine become more or less concentrated with ADH?

A

more

31
Q

Movement of water-fluid from less concentrated compartments is called?

A

osmosis

32
Q

Na+ is in which cellular fluid?

A

extra cellular

33
Q

Ions that have a negative charge are called?

A

anions

34
Q

Placing a patient in high fowlers helps ______ by using gravity

A

diffusion

35
Q

The most abundant electrolyte in the body

A

Sodium Na+

36
Q

The tendency to maintain relatively constant conditions in the fluid compartments is called

A

Homeostasis

37
Q

99% of Ca2+ is found where?

A

bones and teeth

38
Q

True or False: Diffusion does use energy

A

False

39
Q

When electrolytes are dissolved in water, they break up into small particles called?

A

ions

40
Q

Which electrolyte regulates osmotic pressure between fluid compartments and to assist in regulating acid-base balance?

A

Cl-

41
Q

What type of medication can we give to promote elimination of excess water?

A

diuretics

42
Q

A substance that develops an electrical change when dissolved in water is called an

A

electrolytes

43
Q

Most of the body’s fluid are found where?

A

within cells

Med Surge (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions