ch6- anxiety & related disorders

Question 1

anxiety

Answer 1

future oriented EMOTION towards uncontrollability and unpredictability of a potential negative outcome

Question 2

fear

Answer 2

an alarmed reaction to a present threat

Question 3

worry

Answer 3

cognitive component of anxiety- thoughts about future (-ve) outcomes that are intrusive and difficult to control

Question 4

which gender more susceptible to fear?

Answer 4

F but cultural factors should also be taken into consideration

Question 5

does anxiety decline with age?

Answer 5

yes

Question 6

selective mutism

Answer 6

extreme form of social anxiety disorder. those who have SM usually also have SAD.

Question 7

Social anxiety disorder prevalence

Answer 7

1-2%, 3-4% adolescents

Question 8

PSTD cluster of symptoms (4)

Answer 8

reexperiencing, avoidance, negative affect, arousal/reactivity

Question 9

reactive attachment disorder

Answer 9

extreme underdeveloped attachment to caregiver, withdrawn towards them, doesn’t seek comfort when distressed, doesn’t respond to comfort (diagnosis: at least 9 months)

Question 10

disinhibited social engagement disorder

Answer 10

child displays overly familiar behaviour/indifference towards strangers (diagnosis: at least 9 months)

Question 11

dissociation

Answer 11

derealisation (marked sense of unreality) and depersonalization (out of body experience)

Question 12

panic disorder

Answer 12

recurrent uncued panic attacks

Question 13

groups of stressors for PTSD (2 sets)

Answer 13

1. acute, non-abusive (floods/accidents)

2. chronic, abusive (sexual abuse/war)

Question 14

behavioural inhibition

Answer 14

likelihood to withdraw from unfamiliar situations and hyperviligance to environment. its a temperament that predicts social anxiety disorder

Question 15

effortful control

Answer 15

the ability to self-regulate

Question 16

phobia

Answer 16

fears/worries that are excessive, hard to control, involuntary. persistent, maladaptive, lead to avoidance and interfere with normal functioning

Question 17

Rachman’s 3-pathway theory of how fears can be learned

Answer 17

1. classical conditioning of fear
2. modelling- observing other’s reaction to fearful situation
3. verbal threats from others

Question 18

relaxation training

Answer 18

teaches to be aware of muscles, its reaction to anxiety, and teaching skills to control these reactions.

can be “cue-controlled”: taught to realx after hearing specific word

Question 19

desensitization/ systematic desensitization

Answer 19

relaxation training + exposure

Question 20

modeling

Answer 20

youth observes person adaptively interacting with fearful situation

participant modeling: fearful child joins model to gradually approach the feared object

Question 21

contingency management

Answer 21

operant conditioning:
+ve reinforcement after interaction with feared object
-ve reinforcement after avoidance

Question 22

SSRI treats…

Answer 22

social anxiety
separation anxiety
generalised anxiety

but it only helps somatic symptoms. not first choice

Question 23

OCD can be treated with..

Answer 23

medication & CBT

meds not too efficient

Question 24

response prevention

Answer 24

child slowly conditioned to prevent the urge to perform conpulsive ritual