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IS340 > CH6 > Flashcards

CH6 Flashcards

Architectural design

1
Q

___________ is concerned with understanding
how a software system should be organized and designing the overall structure of that system.

A

Architectural design

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2
Q

T/F: Architectural design is the critical link between design and requirements engineering.

A

T, as it identifies the main
structural components in a system and the relationships
between them.

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3
Q

The output of the architectural ______ process is an architectural model that describes how the system is organized as a set of communicating components.

A

design

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4
Q

It is generally accepted that an early stage of (agile/iterative) processes is to design an overall systems architecture.

A

agile

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5
Q

T/F: Refactoring the system architecture is usually expensive because it affects so many components in the system.

A

True

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6
Q
  1. Architecture in the (large/small) is concerned with the architecture of individual programs.
  2. Architecture in the (large/small) is concerned with the architecture of complex enterprise systems that include other systems, programs, and program components.
A
  1. small
  2. large
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7
Q

Name the 3 advantages of explicit architecture.

A

1- Stakeholder communication; Architecture may be used as a focus of discussion by system
stakeholders

2- System analysis; analysis of whether the system can meet its nonfunctional requirements is possible.

3- Large-scale reuse; architecture may be reusable across a range of systems

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8
Q

Name the 2 uses of architectural models.

A

1- As a way of facilitating discussion about the system
design

2 - As a way of documenting an architecture that has been
designed

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9
Q

__________ is a creative process so the process differs depending on the type of system being developed.

A

Architectural design

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10
Q

T/F: Systems in the same domain often have different architectures that reflect domain concepts.

A

F, similar not different

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11
Q

T/F: Application product lines are built around a core architecture with variants that satisfy particular customer requirements.

A

True

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12
Q

T/F: The architecture of a system may be designed around one or more architectural patterns or ‘styles’

A

True.

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13
Q

Name 3 architecture and system characteristics

A

1- Performance
2- Security
3- Safety
4- Availability
5- Maintainability

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14
Q

T/F: Each architectural model only shows ONE view or perspective of the system.

A

T, for both design and documentation, you usually need to present multiple views of the software architecture.

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15
Q

Name the 4 system architecture views.

A

1- Logical View
2- Physical View
3- Process View
4- Development View

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16
Q

A _______ view, which shows the key abstractions in the system as objects or object classes.

A

logical

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17
Q

A _______ view, which shows how, at run-time, the system is composed of interacting processes.

A

process

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18
Q

A _______ view, which shows how the software is decomposed for development.

A

development

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19
Q

A _______ view, which shows the system hardware and how software components are distributed across the processors in the system.

A

physical

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20
Q

Some people argue that the ____________ is an appropriate notation for describing and documenting system architectures.

A

Unified Modeling Language (UML)

21
Q

T/F: Architectural description languages (ADLs) have been developed but are not widely used.

A

True.

22
Q

An _____________ is a stylized description of good
design practice, which has been tried and tested in
different environments.

A

architectural pattern

23
Q

Patterns should include information about when they are and when the are not ________.

A

useful

24
Q

Layered Architecture is used to model the interfacing of __________.

A

sub-systems

25
Q

_____________ Architecture organises the system into a set of layers (or abstract
machines) each of which provide a set of services

A

Layered

26
Q

T/F: Layered Architecture supports the incremental development of sub-systems in different layers. When a layer interface changes, all other layers are affected.

A

F, only the adjacent layer is affected.

27
Q

Name the layers of a generic layered architecture:

A

1- User interface
2 - User interface management & Authentication and authorization
3- Core business logic/application functionality & System utilities
4- System support (OS, database etc.)

28
Q

T/F: Client-server architecture can be implemented on a SINGLE computer.

A

True

29
Q

____________ is a distributed system model which shows how data and processing is distributed across a range of components.

A

Client-server Architecture

30
Q

The client-server architecture includes a set of stand-alone (1)______ which provide specific services such as printing, data management, etc.
a set of (2) _______ which call on these services.
and a (3) ______ which allows clients to access servers.

A

(1) servers
(2) clients
(3) network

31
Q

T/F: Application systems are designed to meet an organisational need.

A

True.

32
Q

T/F: As businesses have much in common, their application systems also tend to have a common architecture that reflects the application requirements.

A

True

33
Q

A __________ is an architecture for a type of software system that may be configured and adapted to create a system that meets specific requirements.

A

generic application architecture

34
Q

Name 4 uses of application architectures:

A
  • As a starting point for architectural design.
  • As a design checklist.
  • As a way of organising the work of the development
    team.
  • As a means of assessing components for reuse.
  • As a vocabulary for talking about application types.
35
Q

Name 4 examples of application types:

A
  • Data processing applications
  • Transactions processing applications
  • Event processing systems
  • Language processing systems
36
Q

Two very widely used generic application architectures are ________ processing systems and ________ processing systems.

A

transaction processing systems, language processing systems.

37
Q

E-commere systems and Reservation systems are examples of (Transaction/Language) processing systems.
While compilers and command interpreters are examples of (Transaction/Language) processing systems.

A

Transaction, Language.

38
Q

Name the application type:
Data driven applications that process data in batches without explicit user intervention during the processing.

A

Data processing applications

39
Q

Name the application type:
Data-centred applications that process user requests and update information in a system database.

A

Transcation processing applications

40
Q

Name the application type:
Applications where system actions depend on interpreting events from the system’s environment.

A

Event processing systems

41
Q

Name the application type:
Applications where the users’ intentions are specified in a formal language that is processed and interpreted by the system.

A

Language processing systems

42
Q

A __________ (from a user perspective) is any coherent sequence of operations that satisfies a goal.

A

Transaction processing systems

43
Q

_________ systems have a generic architecture that can be organised as a layered architecture.

A

Information

44
Q

Information systems are transaction-based systems as interaction with
these systems generally involves _______ transactions.

A

database

45
Q

Name the 4 layers in an information systems architecture?

A
  • user interface
  • user communications
  • information retrieval
  • system database
46
Q

Information and resource management systems are now usually _______ systems where the user interfaces are implemented using a _______.

A

web-based, web browser.

47
Q

The organization of the Model-View-Controller

A
48
Q

Web application architecture using the MVC pattern:

A

IS340 (9 decks)

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