Ch.5 Managing Linux Files and directories Flashcards
- Filesystem Hierarchy Standard - Managing Linux files - Finding files in the Linux file system - Understanding commands and precedence - Finding content within files
Where does Linux store data?
On physical hard disks subdivided into partitions
What controls how data is managed on a hard disk?
A filesystem
A method of organizing objects based on some classification
A hierarchy
Defines a suggested logical location of directories and files on linux and unix distributions
FHS Filesystem Hierarchy standard
Name of the top-level directory
/ the root directory
Contains user commands
/bin
Contains files required to boot the system
/boot
Contains special device driver files for hardware devices
/dev
Contains global configuration files
/etc
Contains system library files, also known as shared objects
/lib
a point for temporarily mounted filesystems
/mnt
a mount point for removable media such as usb
/media
directory intended for installation of third-party applications
/opt
Contains system binaries used by root for booting or repairing the kernel
/sbin
Directory for temporary files and resides in memory
/tmp
A suite of shareable, red-only UNIX system resources
/usr
Contains files that vary in size, log files, email files
/var
contains home directories for user accounts
/home
The user root home directory
/root
contains system info gathered from boot time forward; cleared at the start of the boot process. Resided in memory
/run
Contains data for services such as http or ftp running on the server
/srv
provides device, driver, and some kernel information
/sys
contains process and hardware information, resides in memory
/proc
command to print the current working directory
pwd
command to change directories
cd
what does pwd command display?
the absolute path of the current directory on the terminal
where does the command cd ~ take you?
to the user home directory
command to change to a specified user home directory
cd ~ username
command to change the current working directory to the parent directory
cd ..
command to list filenames and directories stored in the current working directory
ls
command that displays all files, including hidden files
ls -a
command that displays a long listing of the directory contents
ls -l
command that displays directory contents recursively, meaning it will list current directory and the contents of all subdirectories
ls -R
command to display the inode a filename belongs to
ls -i
what does ls -l list?
size, permissions, number of links, user and group owners, modification time and filename
