ch.5 LOGIC OF CATEGORICAL PROPOSITIONS Flashcards

1
Q

CATEGORICAL PROPOSITION

A

A statement that relates relates two groups, terms. sets, or classes by way of intersection or non intersection.

This results in four basic propositions that contain four basic parts: a quantifier, a subject, a copula and a predicate.

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2
Q

SET

What are the 4 basic ways a set can intersect with another?

A

1) it completely intersects;
2) it does not intersect at all;
3) some of the first set intersects with the second;
4) some of the first set does not intersect with the other at all.

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3
Q

CLASS

A

Categorical propositions can relate two of these by way of intersection or non-intersection.

When terms are used as plural nouns, it can easily capture the idea that they represent a ______.

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4
Q

TERM

A

Two of these are joined in logical matrimony by a copula.

It is helpful if used as plural nouns, to easily capture the idea that they represent classes of things.

They can be subjects (S) or predicates (P).

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5
Q

CATEGORY

What are the 4 standard categorical propositions?

A

A ~~~ All S are P

E ~~~ No S are P

I ~~~ Some S are P

O ~~~ Some S are not P

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6
Q

QUANTIFIER

A

Each proposition has this as “all” or “every”, “no” or “some”

  • It quantifies what comes after “at” –i.e., it tells you how much of what is quantified intersects with the other thing.
  • Recall that these are general propositions, or categorical propositions, so it is just the basic relations of classes that interest us.
  • Between the “no” or “all” there is only “some,” not four, or five, or eight and a half.
  • The “some” means at least one (but not necessarily more than one!)
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7
Q

COPULA

A

Each proposition has this as the plural forms of the verb “to be” —> “are” or “are not”

  • It joins two terms in logical matrimony.
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8
Q

SUBJECT

A

These terms are identified by position.

The ______ term comes after the quantifier, but before the copula.

They can stand for anything that gets put in those positions.

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9
Q

PREDICATE

A

These terms are identified by position.

The ______ term comes after the copula.

They can stand for anything that gets put in those positions.

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10
Q

QUANTITY

A

5.3

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11
Q

UNIVERSAL

A

5.3

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12
Q

PARTICULAR

A

5.3

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13
Q

QUALITY

A

5.3

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14
Q

AFFIRMATIVE

A

5.3

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15
Q

NEGATIVE

A

5.3

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16
Q

DISTRIBUTION

17
Q

“VENN DIAGRAM”

18
Q

SQUARE OF OPPOSITION

19
Q

CONTRADICTORIES

20
Q

“BOOLEAN (MODERN) SQUARE OF OPPOSITION”

21
Q

IMMEDIATE INFERENCE

22
Q

EXISTENTIAL IMPORT

23
Q

“ARISTOTELIAN (TRADITIONAL) SQUARE OF OPPOSITION”

24
Q

CONTRARY

25
Q

ILLICIT CONTRARY

26
Q

SUBCONTRARY

27
Q

ILLICIT SUBCONTRARY

28
Q

SUBALTERNATION

29
Q

ILLICIT SUBALTERNATION

30
Q

LOGICAL EQUIVALENCE

31
Q

CONVERSION

32
Q

FORMAL FALLACY

33
Q

ILLICIT CONVERSION

34
Q

OBVERSION

35
Q

TERM COMPLEMENT

36
Q

CONTRAPOSITION

37
Q

ILLICIT CONTRAPOSITION