Ch5: Infection Control/principles And practices Flashcards
Is OSHA a Federal agency or state agency?
Federal agency (Occupational Safety and Health Administration)
What is the purpose of OSHA?
To regulate and enforce safety and health standards to protect employees in the workplace.
Who provides Material Safety Data Sheets?
Manufacturers
What is MSDS and what information is on it?
- Material Safety Data Sheet
- Includes the names of hazardous ingredients, safe handling and use procedures, precautions to reduce the risk of accidental harm or overexposure, and flammability warnings
What does the EPA do (Environmental Protection Agency)?
Registers all types of disinfectants sold and used in the United States
Disinfectants must destroy what categories?
Bacteria, fungi & Viruses
What is a disease caused by bacteria that are transmitted through coughing or sneezing and what disinfectant should be used?
Tuberculosis and TB disinfectant
A microscopic germ that normally exists in tap water in small numbers
Mycobacterium Fortuitum
What is the difference between laws and rules?
Rules and regulations are more specific than laws.
The invasion of body tissues by disease-causing pathogens
Infection
Methods used to eliminate or reduce the transmission of infectious organisms
Infection Control
What are the four types of potential harmful organisms?
- Bacteria
- Fungi
- Viruses
- Parasites
Caused by pathogenic (harmful) organisms that enter the body
Infectious disease
Mechanical process (scrubbing) using soap and water or detergent and water to remove all visible dirt, debris, and many disease-causing germs from tools, implements, and equipment
Cleaning
Destroys most, but not necessarily all, harmful organisms on environmental surfaces.
Disinfection
What is disinfection not effective against?
Bacterial spores
Disinfectants used in salons must be…
Bactericidal, virucidal, and fungicidal
One-celled microorganisms that have both plant and animal characteristics
Bacteria
Any organism of microscopic or submicroscopic size. Some bacteria are harmful and some are harmless
Microorganism
What are the two types of bacteria?
Nonpathogenic and Pathogenic
Round-shaped bacteria that appear singly (alone) or in groups
Cocci
Pus-forming bacteria that grow in clusters like bunches of grapes. They cause abscesses, pustules, and boils
Staphylococci
Pus-forming bacteria arranged in curved lines resembling a string of beads; causes infections such as Strep throat and blood poisoning.
Streptococci
Spherical bacteria that grow in pairs and cause diseases such as pneumonia
Diplococci
Short rod-shaped bacteria. They are the most common bacteria and produce diseases such as tetanus (lockjaw), typhoid fever, tuberculosis, and diphtheria
Bacilli
What is the most common bacteria?
Bacilli
Spiral or corkscrew-shaped bacteria.
They are subdivided into subgroups, such as treponema pallidum, which causes syphilis, a sexually transmitted disease (STD), and borrelia burgdorferi, which causes Lyme disease
Spirilla
Self- movement is called…
Motility
Which type of bacteria has low motility?
Cocci
What types of bacteria are capable of movement?
Bacilli and Spirilla
Slender, hair-like extensions
Flagella
Organisms that grow, feed, and shelter on or in another organism (referred to as the host), while contributing nothing to the survival of that organism.
Parasites
A parasitic submicroscopic particle that infects and resides in cells of biological organisms and is capable of replication only through taking over the host’s cell reproductive function.
Virus
Bacteria multiply best in what type of environment?
warm, dark, damp, or dirty places
The process of when bacteria divide into two new cells in called?
Binary Fission
What stage does bacteria grow and reproduce?
Active stage
What is the inactive stage of bacteria also known as?
Spore-forming stage
Can withstand long periods of famine, dryness, and unsuitable temperatures.
Bacteria spores
A condition in which the body reacts to injury, irritation, or infection
characterized by redness, heat, pain, and swelling
Inflammation
Fluid created by infection
Pus
The presence of ___ is a sign of a bacterial infection.
Pus
Most common type of bacteria that affects humans
Staphylococci
A staph infection that is highly resistant to conventional treatments such as antibiotics.
methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)
What is another word for a contagious disease?
Communicable disease (When a disease spreads from one person to another person)
What is the most common way to spread infection?
Dirty hands
