Ch.5 Flashcards
Acquired Immunity
Immunity that the body develops after overcoming disease, through inoculation (such as flu vaccines), or through exposure to natural allergens such as pollen, cat dander, and ragweed.
Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome
(AIDS) disease that breaks down the body’s immune system. Aids is caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).
Allergy
Reaction due to extreme sensitivity to certain foods, chemicals, or other normally harmless substances.
Antiseptics
Chemical germicides formulated for use on skin; registered and regulated by the food drug administration (FDA).
Aseptic Procedures
A process of properly handling sterilized and disinfected equipment and supplies to reduce contamination.
Asymptomatic
Showing no symptoms or signs of infection.
Autoclave
A device for sterilization by steam under pressure.
Bacilli
Short rod-shaped bacteria. They are most common bacteria and produce diseases such as tetanus (lockjaw), typhoid fever, tuberculosis, and diphtheria.
Bacteria
One-called microorganisms that have both plant and animal characteristics. Some are harmful; some are harmless.
Bactericidal
Capable of destroying bacteria.
Binary Fission
The division of bacteria cells into two new cells called daughter cells.
Bioburden
The number of viable organisms in or on an object or surface or the organic material on a surface or object before decontamination or sterilization.
Bloodborne Pathogens
Disease-causing microorganisms carried in the body fluids, such as hepatitis and HIV.
Body substance isolation
(BSI) a system of precautions developed by a Seattle hospital in 1987 to prevent contact with bodily substances and fluids u using protective apparel to prevent the spread of communicable diseases
Cheating Soaps
Detergents that break down stubborn films and remove the residue of products such as scrubs, salts, and masks.
Clean
A mechanical process (scrubbing) using soap and water of detergent and water to remove all or visible dirt, debris, and many disease causing germs. Cleaning also removes invisible debris that interferes with disinfection
Cocci
Round shaped bacteria that appear singly or in groups. Three types of cocci are staphylococci, streptococci, and diplococci.
Contagious disease
(Communicable diseases) a disease that is spread from one person to another. Some more contagious diseases are the common cold, ringworm, pinkeye, viral infections, and natural nail or toe and foot infections.
Contamination
The presence or reasonable anticipated pretense of blood or other potentially infectious materials on an items surface or visible debris or residues such as dust, hair, and skin.
Cross-contamination
Contamination that occurs when you touch one object and the. Transfer the contents of that object to another, such as touching skin, then touching a product without washing your hands.
Decontamination
The removal of blood or other potentially infectious materials on an items surface and the removal of visible debris or residue such as dust, hair, and skin.
Dermatophytes
A type of fungi that cause skin, hair, and nail infections
Diagnosis
Determination of the nature of a disease from its symptoms and/or diagnostic tests. Federal regulations prohibit salon professionals from performing a diagnosis.
Diplococci
Spherical bacteria that grows in pairs and cause disease such as pneumonia.
Direct transmission
Transmission of blood or body fluids through touching (shaking hands, kissing, coughing, sneezing, and talking)
Disease
An abnormal condition of all or part of the body, or its systems or organs, that makes the body incapable of carrying on normal functions.
Disinfectants
Chemical products that destroy all bacteria, fungi, and viruses on surfaces.
Disinfection
(Disinfecting) the process that eliminates most, but not necessarily all, microorganisms on nonporous surfaces. This process is not effective against bacterial spores.
Efficacy
The ability to produce effect.
Exposure incident
Contact with nonintact (broken) skin, ballad, body fluid, or other potentially infectious materials that is the result of the performance of an employees duties.
Flagella
(Cilia) slender, hair like extensions used by bacilli and spirilla for locomotion or moving about
Folliculitis
Inflammation of the hair follicles caused by bacterial infection from ingrown hairs. The cause is typically from ingrown hairs due to shaving or other epilation methods
Fungi
Microscopic pant parasites which includes mildews, and yeasts; can produce contagious diseases such as ringworm.
Fungicidal
Capable of destroying fungi
Hepatitis
A bloodborne virus that causes disease and can damage the liver
Hospital disinfectants
Disinfectants that are effective for cleaning blood and body fluids.
Human Immunodeficiency Virus
(HIV) a pathogen that is most often the precursor to acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). By impairing or killing the immune system affected with it, HIV positive progressively destroys the body’s ability to fight infections or certain cancers
Human papillomavirus
(HPV) also known as planter warts; a virus that can infect the bottom of the foot and resembles small black dots, usually in clustered groups
Immunity
The ability of the body to destroy and resist infection. Immunity against disease can be either natural or acquired and is a sign of good health
Indirect transmission
Transmission of blood or body fluids through contact with an intermediate contaminated object such as a razor, extractor, nipper, or an environmental surface.
Infection
The invasion of body tissues by disease causing pathogens
Infection control
The methods used to eliminate or reduce the transmission of infectious organisms
Infectious
Caused by or capable of being transmitted by infection
Infectious disease
Disease caused by pathogenic or harmful microorganisms that enter the body. An infectious disease may or may not be spread from one person to another person
Inflammation
Condition in which the body facts to injury, irritation, or infection; characterized by redness, heat, pain, and swelling
Local infection
An infection, such as pimple or abscess, that is confined to a particular part of the body and appears as a lesion contains pus.
Material safety data sheet
(MSDS) info compiled by the manufacturer about product safety, including the names of hazardous ingredients, safe handling and use of procedures, precautions to reduce the risk of accidental harm or overexposure, and flammability warnings.
Methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus
(MRSA) a type of infectious bacteria that is highly resistant to conventional treatments such as antibiotics
Microorganisms
Any organism of microscopic or submicroscopic size
Mildew
A type of fungus that affects plants or grows on inanimate objects, but does not cause human infection in the salon
Motility
Self-movement
Multiuse
Reusable; items can be cleaned, disinfected, and can be used on mor than one person even if item is accidentally exposed to blood or body fluid.
Mycobacterium fortuitum
A microscopic germ that normally exists in tap water in small numbers
Natural immunity
Immunity that is partly inherited and partly developed through healthy living
Nonpathogenic
Harmless microorganisms that may perform useful functions and are safe to come in contact with since they do not cause disease or harm
Nonporous
An item that made or constructed of a metrical that has no pores or openings and cannot absorb liquids.
Occupational disease
Illness resulting from condition associated with employment, such as prolonged and repeated overexposure to certain products or ingredients
Parasites
Organisms that grow, feed, and shelter in or in another organism (host), while contributing nothing to the survival of that organism. Parasites must have a host to survive
Parasitic disease
Disease caused by parasites, such as lice and mites
Pathogenic
Harmful microorganisms that can cause disease or infection in humans when they invade the body
Pathogenic disease
Disease produced by organisms including bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites.
Personal protective equipment
(PPE) protective clothing and devices designed to protect an individual from contact with bloodborne pathogens; examples including gloves, fluid-resistant lab coat, apron, or gown, goggles or eye shield, fave mask
Phenolic disinfectants
Powerful tuberculosis disinfectants. They are a form of formaldehyde and have a very high pH. They can damage the skin and eyes.
Porous
Made or constructed of a material that has pores or opening. Porous items are absorbent.
Pus
A fluid created by infection
Quaternary ammonium compounds
Also known as quats; disinfectants that are very effective when used properly in salons
Sanitizing
A chemical process for reducing the number of disease causing germs in cleaned surfaces
Scabies
A contagious skin disease that is caused by the itch mite, which burrows under the skin
Single use
Disposable. Items cannot be used more than once. Cannot be properly cleaned so that a visible residue is removed or they or they are damaged/contaminated by cleaning and disinfecting in exposure incident
Sodium hypochlorite
Common household bleach; an effective disinfectant for salon
Spirilla
Spiral or corkscrew shaped bacteria that cause diseases such as syphilis and Lyme disease
Standard precautions
(SP) precautions such as wearing personal protective equipment to prevent skin and mucous membrane where contact with a clients blood, body fluids, secretions, excretions, nonintact skin, and mucous membranes is likely
Staphylococci
Pus forming bacteria that grow in clusters like a bunch of grapes. They cause abscesses, pustules, and boils.
Sterilization
The process that completely destroys all microbial life including spores
Streptococci
Pus forming bacteria arranged in curved lines resembling a string of beads. They cause infections such as strep and blood poisoning
Systemic disease
Disease that affects the body as a whole, often due to under functioning or over functioning or internal glands or organs. This disease is carried though the blood stream or lymphatic system
Tinea pedis
A ringworm fungus of the foot or athletes foot
Tinea versicolor
(Sun spots) a no contagious fungal infection which is characterized by white or varicolored patches on the skin and is often found on arms and legs
Toxins
Various poisonous substances produced by some microorganisms
Tuberculocidal disinfectants
Disinfectants that kill that bacteria that causes tuberculosis
Tuberculosis
A disease caused by bacteria that are transmitted through coughing or sneezing
Universal precautions
(UP) set of guidelines published by OSHA that require the employer and the employee to assume that all human blood and body fluids are infectious for bloodborne pathogens
Virucidal
Capable of destroying viruses
Virus
A parasitic submicroscopic particle that infects and resides in the cells of biological organisms. A virus capable of replication only through taking over the host cells reproductive function
