CH5

Question 1

Definition of wave

Answer 1

Process of transfer of energy from a location to another that is produced by oscillations of vibrating system

Question 2

Definition of oscillation or vibration

Answer 2

Repetitive motions about equilibrium position in a closed path

Question 3

Definition of Amplitude, A

Answer 3

Maximum displacement of a vibrating particle from its equilibrium position

Question 4

Definition of Period,T

Answer 4

Time taken for a particle to produce one complete oscillation or for a source of wave to produce one complete wave cycle

Question 5

Definition of Frequency, F

Answer 5

Number of complete oscillation by a vibrating particle or number of complete wave cycle produced by a source of wave per second

Question 6

Definition of Wavelength,

Answer 6

Distance between 2 consecutive point of the same phase

Question 7

Definition of Wave speed

Answer 7

Distance travelled by a wave profile per second

Question 8

Definition of wave profile

Answer 8

Shape of medium as waves propagate through it

Question 9

Definition of progressive wave

Answer 9

The wave where the wave profile propagates with time in the direction of the propagation of the wave.

Question 10

Definition of Stationary wave & an example

Answer 10

The wave where the wave profile does not propagates with time.
Plucked guitar string

Question 11

Definition of Transverse wave & example

Answer 11

A wave which the direction of vibration of particles in the medium is perpendicular to
the direction of propagation of the wave

Water Wave

Question 12

Definition of Longitudinal wave & example

Answer 12

A wave which the direction of vibration of particles in the medium is parallel to the
direction of propagation of the wave

Sound Wave

Question 13

Definition of Mechanical Wave & example

Answer 13

Wave that require a medium to propagate and transfer energy

Sound Wave

Question 14

Definition of Electromagnetic Wave

Answer 14

Wave that does not require a medium to propagate and transfer energy

Question 15

Definition of Damping

Answer 15

Reduction of amplitude of an oscillating system due to loss of energy

Question 16

Definition of Internal Damping

Answer 16

Loss of energy of oscillating system due to stretching and compressions of vibrating particles of the system

Question 17

Definition of External Damping

Answer 17

Loss of energy of oscillating system to overcome friction or air resistance

Question 18

Definition of Resonance

Answer 18

When periodic force is applied to an oscillating system at its natural frequency and maximum amplitude

Question 19

Way to overcome Damping

Answer 19

Apply periodic external force to the system, energy supplied will replace energy loss

Question 20

Definition of Natural Frequency

Answer 20

Frequency of an oscillating system that has been displaced and left without action of external force

Question 21

Definition of Forced Oscillation

Answer 21

Oscillation system is applied with periodical external force

Question 22

Definition of Wavefront

Answer 22

A line connecting all points of the same phase of wave cycles

Question 23

Effect of reflection on direction of propagation of wave, wave speed, wavelength and frequency

Answer 23

direction of propagation of wave changes with Angle of incidence = angle of reflection

wave speed, wavelength and frequency are unchanged

Question 24

Definition of refraction of wave

Answer 24

Change in direction of propagation of wave due to change in velocity of wave as wave propagates from a medium to another`

Question 25

Factors that affect speed of water wave

Answer 25

Depth of water

Question 26

Factors that affect speed of sound wave

Answer 26

Density of air

Question 27

Factors that affect speed of Light wave

Answer 27

Optical density of medium

Question 28

Direction of propagation of wave from shallow to deep

Answer 28

Refracted away from normal

Question 29

Direction of propagation of wave from deep to shallow

Answer 29

Refracted towards normal

Question 30

Change in wavelength and wave speed from deep to shallow

Answer 30

decreases

Question 31

change in wavelength and wave speed of wave from shallow to deep

Answer 31

increases

Question 32

Definition of Diffraction of wave

Answer 32

Spreading of wave as wave propagates through a slit or side of a barrier

Question 33

Change in wavelength, frequency and wave speed of diffraction of wave

Answer 33

No Change

Question 34

Change in amplitude of diffraction of wave

Answer 34

Decreases as wave energy diverges

Question 35

Change in direction of propagation during diffraction of wave

Answer 35

One direction to many direction

Question 36

2 Factors affecting significance of diffraction of wave

Answer 36

Size of slit Wavelength

Question 37

Principle of superposition

Answer 37

Resultant displacement of 2 overlapping waves is the sum of individual displacement of two waves

Question 38

Definition of interference of waves

Answer 38

Superposition of 2 or more wave produced by a coherent source of wave

Question 39

2 Rules of coherent source

Answer 39

same frequency constant phase difference

Question 40

2 Types of interference of waves

Answer 40

1. Constructive Interference (Crest+Crest)/(Trough+Trough) 2. Destructive Interference (Crest+Trough)

Question 41

Definition of Electromagnetic Wave

Answer 41

Transverse wave that does not require medium to propagate in that consist of electric field and magnetic field that oscillate perpendicularly to each other.

Question 42

4 Characteristics of Electromagnetic wave

Answer 42

Can propagate in vacuum All electromagnetic wave have the same speed in vacuum of 3.0 x 10^8 ms^-1 Shows diffraction, refraction, reflection and interference in suitable condition Energy carried is directly proportional to frequency

Question 43

6 Uses of Ultraviolet ray

Answer 43

Hardens tooth filling material Determines authenticity of currency notes Treatment of jaundice in babies Purification of drinking water Sterilising surgical instruments and food insect traps

Question 44

5 Uses of X-ray

Answer 44

Detects fractures or broken bones Examines internal organs Checking of welding connections Baggage scanning at airport Determines authenticity of paintings

Question 45

3 Uses of Gamma ray

Answer 45

Kills cancer cells in radiotherapy * Sterilisation of surgical and medical equipment in bulk * Used in food processing industry so that food can last longer

Question 46

4 USes of Radio Wave

Answer 46

Long distance radio communication Local radio and TV broadcasting Wireless communication (Bluetooth, Wifi, Zigbee and Z-Wave) Millimeter-wave machine to scan body of passengers at airport

Question 47

5 Uses of Microwave

Answer 47

International communication through use of satellite * Mobile phone framework * Communication between electronic devices: Wifi, Bluetooth, Zigbee, Z-Wave * Detection of plane radar and speed trap * Cooking using microwave oven

Question 48

5 Uses of Infrared ray

Answer 48

For cooking (oven, grill and toaster) . For night vision (infrared camera and infrared binoculars) Drying paint on car . Treatment of muscle pain * Remote control device for television and DVD player

Question 49

4 Uses of Visible light

Answer 49

-allow living organisms to see -photography -Photosynthesis -Laser light used in metal-cutting, land measurement & optical fibres