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Patholgy T4 > Ch4 Test 4 > Flashcards

Ch4 Test 4 Flashcards

0
Q

Ossification

A

•The term for bone formation by osteoblast cell

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1
Q

Osteoclasts

A

•reabsorbs bone removes bone from diaphysis

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2
Q

Resorption

A

•The term for bone destruction by osteoclasts

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3
Q

At what age does bone loss exceed bone gain

A

•40 years old

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4
Q

Osteoblasts

A

•produces new bone

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5
Q

Transitional vertebra

A
  • A vertebra that has characteristics of two different types of vertebra
  • congenital diseases
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6
Q

Transitional vertebra; location, radiographic appearance

A
  • lumbarsacral junction

* expanded transverse process

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7
Q

Posterior defect of the spinal canal

A

•spina bifida

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8
Q

Splitting of the bony neural canal at L5 or S1

A

•spina bifida occulta (hidden)

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9
Q

Spinal bifida; radiographic appearance

A
  • increase interpedicular distance
  • boney defects
  • absence of the laminae
  • MRI presence of spinal cord/nerve roots with in herniated sac
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10
Q

Spinal bifida; treatment

A

•folic acid supplements during pregnancy

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11
Q

Epiphyseal cartilage

A
  • between the epiphysis & diaphysis
  • growth plate found on long bones
  • mostly on children & adolescents
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12
Q

Meningocele

A
  • type of spina bifida

* herniation of the meninges

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13
Q

______ also known as marble bones “chalk”

A

•osteopetrosis

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14
Q

Myelomeningocele

A
  • herniation of

* meninges or nerve roots

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15
Q

results from diminished proliferation of the growth plate

A

•achondroplasia (common in dwarfs)

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16
Q

Where the diaphysis meets the epiphyseal growth plate

A

•metaphysis

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17
Q

Osteogenesis imperfecta treatment

A
  • cast/brace

* rods for long bones

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18
Q

Spina bifida location

A

•entire vertebrae

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19
Q

Continuously resorbs old bone & produces new bone until adults

A
  • osteoblasts

* osteoclasts

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19
Q

This disease often lead to pt with unusual blue color of the sclera of the eye

A

•osteogenesis imperfecta

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20
Q

Osteopetrosis location

A

•entire skeleton

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21
Q

Chiari II Malformation is associated with

A

•myelomeningocele

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22
Q

Osteopetrosis

A
  • hereditary disease
  • prevents bone marrow to form
  • bone becomes very brittle
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24
Q

Brittle bones often characterized by multiple fractures

A

Osteogenesis imperfecta

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25
Q

Osteopetrosis; radiographic appearance/technique

A
  • increase in bone density

* increase technique

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26
Q

Osteopetrosis; treatment

A

•no treatment

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27
Q

Most common infectious arthritis

A

•migratory arthritis from Lyme disease

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28
Q

Under the microscope the matrix of the bone consists of complex structure called

A

•haversian system

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30
Q

Osteopetrosis congenital or hereditary

A

•hereditary

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31
Q

Stress factor often occur for this disease/ PT. often becomes anemic

A

•osteopetrosis

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31
Q

Osteogenesis imperfecta location

A

•long bones

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32
Q

This disease is inherited pt generally wheelchair bound because of the skeletal unable to support body wt due to insufficient collagen in the bone

A

•osteogenesis imperfecta

33
Q

Osteogenesis imperfecta radiographic appearance/ technique

A
  • fractures
  • cortical density
  • low kVp
34
Q

Wormian bones

A
  • Associated with osteogenesis imperfecta in the skull widening the sutures
  • producing mosaic appearances
36
Q

The end of a long bone is known as

A

•epiphysis

37
Q

Congenital hip dysplasia results from

A

•incomplete acetabulum formation

38
Q

Hip dysplasia radiographic appearance

A

•AP/frog dislocation

39
Q

Hip dysplasia treatment

A

•immobilization by harness/casting

40
Q

Rheumatoid arthritis

A

•chronic disease of unknown cause usually occurring in small joints of hands & feet

41
Q

Rheumatoid arthritis radiographic appearance

A
  • tissue swelling

* joint destruction

42
Q

Osteoarthritis location

A
  • wt bearing joints
  • spine
  • knee
  • ankle
43
Q

Osteoarthritis radiographic appearance

A
  • narrowing joint spaces

* bony spurs

44
Q

Loss of joint cartilage & reactive new bone formation

A

•osteoarthritis

45
Q

Osteophytes

A

•associated with osteoarthritis bony spur

46
Q

Shaft of the long bone known as

A

•diaphysis

47
Q

What Pathology is present if the posterior element of one or more vertebrae fail to unite

A

•Spina Bifida

48
Q

Infectious arthritis location

A

•any joint

48
Q

Pyogenic (pus)in the joint is associated with

A

•infectious arthritis

49
Q

Disease causing “frozen joints” due to joint limitations

A

•bursitis

50
Q

Treatment for arthritis

51
Q

Women are affected 3X more than men at the average age of 40 is associated with

A

•rheumatoid arthritis

52
Q

Lack of vitamin D in infants/children can cause

A

•rickets

53
Q

This disease is common during complication of intravenous drug abuse

A

•bacterial osteomyelitis

55
Q

Infectious arthritis treatment

A

•antibiotics

55
Q

Bursitis

A

•inflammation of small fluid filled sac near the joint reduces friction

56
Q

Bursitis most commonly found in

A

•shoulder

57
Q

Bursitis treatment

A
  • heat
  • rest
  • immobilization
  • anti-inflammatory
58
Q

Radiographic appearance for ______ is Ragged moth eating appearance

A

•Bacterial osteomyelitis

59
Q

Fusiform, periatricular soft tissue swelling caused by joint effusion & hyperplastic synovial inflammation

A

•rheumatoid arthritis

60
Q

Modality of choice For detecting Rotator cuff disorder

61
Q

Bacterial Osteomyelitis location for child & adult

A

Child;
•bones with rich red marrow like long bones (metaphysis)
Adult;
•vertebrae

62
Q

Bacterial osteomyelitis

A
  • inflammation of the bone marrow

* caused by infection

63
Q

Staphylococci & streptococci causes osteitis & myelitis is common for what disease

A

•Bacterial osteomyelitis

65
Q

Degenerative arthritis

A

•osteoarthritis

66
Q

Disorder of metabolism causing increase blood level of Uric acid

66
Q

Best modality for osteomyelitis

A

•bone scanning

67
Q

Infectious arthritis organism may gain entry into joints by

A

•hematogenous rout

68
Q

Osteomyelitis is not evident on xray until ____ days

A

•10 days

69
Q

Resorbing bone cell enlarging the diameter of medullary cavity

A

•osteoclasts

70
Q

Deposit of uric acid in the joint

71
Q

Abnormal decrease in bone density due to lack of calcium deposits

A

•osteoporosis

72
Q

Loss of bone mass, deficiency of bone matrix in entire skeleton (accelerated bone resorption)

A

•osteoporosis

73
Q

Caused by vitamin deficiency in children

A

•rickets

74
Q

Symetrical
•osteoarthritis
•rheumatoid arthritis
•infectious arthritis

A

•rheumatoid arthritis

75
Q

Best modality to diagnose osteomyelitis involving the spine

77
Q

Cervical rib

A
  • may compress brachial nerve plexus

* requiring surgical removal

78
Q

Pott’s disease

A
  • tuberculosis of the spine

* associated with tuberculous osteomyelitis

79
Q

Tuberculous osteomyelitis location

A

•vertebra T/L spine

79
Q

Radiographic appearance: lyric lesion without periosteal elevation, collapse vertebra with kyphosis

A

•tuberculous osteomyelitis

80
Q

Common arthritis of normal wear & tear

A

•osteoarthritis

Patholgy T4 (1 decks)

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