Ch4 Test 4 Flashcards
0
Q
Ossification
A
•The term for bone formation by osteoblast cell
1
Q
Osteoclasts
A
•reabsorbs bone removes bone from diaphysis
2
Q
Resorption
A
•The term for bone destruction by osteoclasts
3
Q
At what age does bone loss exceed bone gain
A
•40 years old
4
Q
Osteoblasts
A
•produces new bone
5
Q
Transitional vertebra
A
- A vertebra that has characteristics of two different types of vertebra
- congenital diseases
6
Q
Transitional vertebra; location, radiographic appearance
A
- lumbarsacral junction
* expanded transverse process
7
Q
Posterior defect of the spinal canal
A
•spina bifida
8
Q
Splitting of the bony neural canal at L5 or S1
A
•spina bifida occulta (hidden)
9
Q
Spinal bifida; radiographic appearance
A
- increase interpedicular distance
- boney defects
- absence of the laminae
- MRI presence of spinal cord/nerve roots with in herniated sac
10
Q
Spinal bifida; treatment
A
•folic acid supplements during pregnancy
11
Q
Epiphyseal cartilage
A
- between the epiphysis & diaphysis
- growth plate found on long bones
- mostly on children & adolescents
12
Q
Meningocele
A
- type of spina bifida
* herniation of the meninges
13
Q
______ also known as marble bones “chalk”
A
•osteopetrosis
14
Q
Myelomeningocele
A
- herniation of
* meninges or nerve roots
15
Q
results from diminished proliferation of the growth plate
A
•achondroplasia (common in dwarfs)
16
Q
Where the diaphysis meets the epiphyseal growth plate
A
•metaphysis
17
Q
Osteogenesis imperfecta treatment
A
- cast/brace
* rods for long bones
18
Q
Spina bifida location
A
•entire vertebrae
19
Q
Continuously resorbs old bone & produces new bone until adults
A
- osteoblasts
* osteoclasts
19
Q
This disease often lead to pt with unusual blue color of the sclera of the eye
A
•osteogenesis imperfecta
20
Q
Osteopetrosis location
A
•entire skeleton
21
Q
Chiari II Malformation is associated with
A
•myelomeningocele
22
Q
Osteopetrosis
A
- hereditary disease
- prevents bone marrow to form
- bone becomes very brittle
24
Brittle bones often characterized by multiple fractures
Osteogenesis imperfecta
25
Osteopetrosis; radiographic appearance/technique
* increase in bone density
| * increase technique
26
Osteopetrosis; treatment
•no treatment
27
Most common infectious arthritis
•migratory arthritis from Lyme disease
28
Under the microscope the matrix of the bone consists of complex structure called
•haversian system
30
Osteopetrosis congenital or hereditary
•hereditary
31
Stress factor often occur for this disease/ PT. often becomes anemic
•osteopetrosis
31
Osteogenesis imperfecta location
•long bones
32
This disease is inherited pt generally wheelchair bound because of the skeletal unable to support body wt due to insufficient collagen in the bone
•osteogenesis imperfecta
33
Osteogenesis imperfecta radiographic appearance/ technique
* fractures
* cortical density
* low kVp
34
Wormian bones
* Associated with osteogenesis imperfecta in the skull widening the sutures
* producing mosaic appearances
36
The end of a long bone is known as
•epiphysis
37
Congenital hip dysplasia results from
•incomplete acetabulum formation
38
Hip dysplasia radiographic appearance
•AP/frog dislocation
39
Hip dysplasia treatment
•immobilization by harness/casting
40
Rheumatoid arthritis
•chronic disease of unknown cause usually occurring in small joints of hands & feet
41
Rheumatoid arthritis radiographic appearance
* tissue swelling
| * joint destruction
42
Osteoarthritis location
* wt bearing joints
* spine
* knee
* ankle
43
Osteoarthritis radiographic appearance
* narrowing joint spaces
| * bony spurs
44
Loss of joint cartilage & reactive new bone formation
•osteoarthritis
45
Osteophytes
•associated with osteoarthritis bony spur
46
Shaft of the long bone known as
•diaphysis
47
What Pathology is present if the posterior element of one or more vertebrae fail to unite
•Spina Bifida
48
Infectious arthritis location
•any joint
48
Pyogenic (pus)in the joint is associated with
•infectious arthritis
49
Disease causing "frozen joints" due to joint limitations
•bursitis
50
Treatment for arthritis
•NSAIDs
51
Women are affected 3X more than men at the average age of 40 is associated with
•rheumatoid arthritis
52
Lack of vitamin D in infants/children can cause
•rickets
53
This disease is common during complication of intravenous drug abuse
•bacterial osteomyelitis
55
Infectious arthritis treatment
•antibiotics
55
Bursitis
•inflammation of small fluid filled sac near the joint reduces friction
56
Bursitis most commonly found in
•shoulder
57
Bursitis treatment
* heat
* rest
* immobilization
* anti-inflammatory
58
Radiographic appearance for ______ is Ragged moth eating appearance
•Bacterial osteomyelitis
59
Fusiform, periatricular soft tissue swelling caused by joint effusion & hyperplastic synovial inflammation
•rheumatoid arthritis
60
Modality of choice For detecting Rotator cuff disorder
•MRI
61
Bacterial Osteomyelitis location for child & adult
Child;
•bones with rich red marrow like long bones (metaphysis)
Adult;
•vertebrae
62
Bacterial osteomyelitis
* inflammation of the bone marrow
| * caused by infection
63
Staphylococci & streptococci causes osteitis & myelitis is common for what disease
•Bacterial osteomyelitis
65
Degenerative arthritis
•osteoarthritis
66
Disorder of metabolism causing increase blood level of Uric acid
•gout
66
Best modality for osteomyelitis
•bone scanning
67
Infectious arthritis organism may gain entry into joints by
•hematogenous rout
68
Osteomyelitis is not evident on xray until ____ days
•10 days
69
Resorbing bone cell enlarging the diameter of medullary cavity
•osteoclasts
70
Deposit of uric acid in the joint
•gout
71
Abnormal decrease in bone density due to lack of calcium deposits
•osteoporosis
72
Loss of bone mass, deficiency of bone matrix in entire skeleton (accelerated bone resorption)
•osteoporosis
73
Caused by vitamin deficiency in children
•rickets
74
Symetrical
•osteoarthritis
•rheumatoid arthritis
•infectious arthritis
•rheumatoid arthritis
75
Best modality to diagnose osteomyelitis involving the spine
•CT
77
Cervical rib
* may compress brachial nerve plexus
| * requiring surgical removal
78
Pott's disease
* tuberculosis of the spine
| * associated with tuberculous osteomyelitis
79
Tuberculous osteomyelitis location
•vertebra T/L spine
79
Radiographic appearance: lyric lesion without periosteal elevation, collapse vertebra with kyphosis
•tuberculous osteomyelitis
80
Common arthritis of normal wear & tear
•osteoarthritis
