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AP History > Ch4 English North America > Flashcards

Ch4 English North America Flashcards

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1
Q

Jamestown

A

first colony, established in 1607 by a joint stock company

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2
Q

Maryland

4 things

A

the second colony
established by Calvert, a catholic.
Maryland was intended to be a refuge for those religiously prosecuted in England.
Many came as indentured servants or took advantage of the headright system

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3
Q

Acts of Religious Toleration

A

protect Catholics from Protestant prosecution

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4
Q

Jamestown suffered from what?

A

low population due to disease

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5
Q

attempts to correct the low population in Jamestown included what?
(3 things)

A

establishment of the headright system
house of burgesses
planting of tobacco

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6
Q

Tobacco dominated what?

A

The Virginian industry

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7
Q

Headright system

A

Gave land to any colonist willing to for his and another colonist’s passage

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8
Q

House of burgesses

A

first elected assembly, similar to England’s legislature

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9
Q

What 4 things did the planting of tobacco do?

A

depleted the soil
led to expansion
led to indian conflict (powhatan wars)
decreased social unity b/c there were greater dispersed settlement patterns

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10
Q

what did Virginia lack

A

stable family life

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11
Q

Middle and New England colonies were…

A

more diverse

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12
Q

The Chesapeake was tied to what crop?

A

tobacco

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13
Q

the demand for field labor due to tabacco was first met by whom?

A

indentured servants

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14
Q

what caused Bacon’s rebellion?

A

a minor confrontation between Indians and colonists on the Western Frontier of Virginia

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15
Q

Bacon’s Rebellion

A

largest and most powerful showcase of civil disobedience

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16
Q

What did bacon’s rebellion do?

A

accelerated the shift to slavery:
Indentured servants might ask for more rights and land once their term was completed whereas
slaves would be a permanent work force

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17
Q

slave trade

A

the lynchpin of triangular trade

18
Q

2 characteristics of new slavery

A

race based

many slaves were together in the same place which led to stricter enforcement

19
Q

true or false:

slavery had previously been used elsewhere but it was not uncommon for slaves to gain their freedom

A

true

20
Q

slave codes

A

issues in the 1660s and repressed blacks

21
Q

what justified slavery in the eyes of English

A

they were not christian

22
Q

how did slaves benefit the mother country?

A

generated large profits which contributed to the first banks and insurance companies

23
Q

what was the norm of 1700?

A

slavery. It had been established in all colonies.

24
Q

5 examples of slave resistance

A 
slow work
mistreatment of animals
broken tools
revolt
destruction of property
25
Q

stono rebellion

A

most famous and violent slave rebellion

26
Q

what resulted from the stono rebellion?

A

hardening of slave codes

27
Q

Puritans

A

sought full reformation in England; wanted the church of England to remove Catholic practices

28
Q

Why did the puritans leave England?

A

to escape religious restriction, political repression and for economic reasons

29
Q

pilgrims

A

separatists who wanted to sever all ties w/ the Church of England
(smaller than puritans)

30
Q

John Calvin

A

leader of the Puritans

31
Q

Calvinism

A

idea that God had elected a few for salvation, albeit no one knew if they were saved or damned

32
Q

John Winthrop

A

wanted to build an ideal Christian society (Boston) aka, the “city upon a hill”

33
Q

what did wintrhop do?

A

inspire democratic reform

34
Q

2 characteristics of puritans

A

migrated to NE as families (although women and children were subordinate)
valued education as a means to understand the bible

35
Q

Anne Hutchinson

A

challenged the subordinate role of women in society

36
Q

Roger Williams

2 things

A

argued for complete separation of church and state

fled to RI to found a religious tolerant state

37
Q

Halfway Covenant of 1662

A

eased requirements for church membership by allowing baptism of children who’s parents could couldn’t provide testimony
not effective

38
Q

William Penn

A

founded Pennsylvania as a refuge for Quakers

39
Q

Quakers

A

first abolitionists
advocated freedom of worship,
opposed slavery,
and refused to bear arms

40
Q

Pennsylvania

A

encouraged freedom of religion and had no state supported church

AP History (8 decks)

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