CH4 Company Officer Flashcards
_____ Ability to reason and present a strong argument in favor of or against a position. It was also the ability to recognize fallacies in the arguments of others and thereby able to refute or correct the opposing position.
– Logic (or logos)
_Analysis of the principles of human conduct in order to be able to determine between right and wrong
Ethics (or ethos)
The third part of this philosophy of the human character is________, the ability to have empathy or sympathy for another person and make arguments based on emotional appeals.
– Pathos
_____ Is also ability to develop an argument in favor of a position while at the same time being able to see the fallacies or falsehoods surrounding an opposing view
- Logic
There are four (4) general types of reasoning.
- Inductive
- Deductive
- Casual
- Analogical
Inductive reasoning is a process that arrives at a general conclusion based on a foundation of______.
– Specific examples or data
To prevent the miss use of statistics, the fire officer must ensure that the following elements are considered.
– Reliable sources
– Valid data
– Accurately interpreted statistics
– Legible statistics
_____ Is the process of reaching a specific conclusion based on a general statement or principal. It is usually developed in the form of a Syllogism ( A 3 part statement that consist of a______ _____ _____)
Deductive reasoning
Major premise, minor premise and conclusion
_____ Reasoning is a process that is based on the relationship between two (2) or more events in such way that it is obvious one caused the other to occur.
– Casual reasoning
The key to effective casual argument is in establishing a factual, direct link between the_____and_____.
– Cause and effect
_____ Reasoning is based on a comparison between two similar cases.
– Analogical
A ______is a false or Fallacious reasoning that occurs when someone attempts to persuade others without sufficient supporting evidence or by using irrelevant or inappropriate arguments.
– Fallacy
Before a company officer can implement an organizations ethical code of conduct, it is necessary to understand three (3) basic components of ethics.
– Origins of personal ethics of individuals
– Causes of unethical conduct
– How people justify unethical conduct in themselves and the organization.
The ethics 3 step check
Step 1. Is it legal
Step 2. Is it fair to all concerned
step 3. How will it make me feel about myself.
Research in the speech communication discipline indicates that there are four (4) main reasons for Lying. The same following reasons can describe most forms and unethical conduct on the part of individuals in general.
– Basic needs
– Affiliation
– Self esteem
– Self gratification
Use the following steps when dealing with an ethical dilemma.
Step 1. Recognize and define the situation.
Step 2 . Obtain all the facts surrounding the situation.
Step 3 . List all possible options necessary to respond to the situation.
Step 4. Compare each option to establish criteria.
Step 5 . Select the best option that meets the criteria.
Step 6. Double check the decision.
Step 7. Take action and Implement the decision.
Fire officers lead primarily by example and the most important example they can provide to the organization and community is_____.
– Ethical decision making and action
A situation or problem that requires a decision has the following four (4) basic elements that the company officer must consider in assessing the situation.
- Is The decision within the authority of the company officer.
- Is there sufficient information available about the situation or problem to make an informed decision.
- how will the decision affect the unit or organization.
- is the problem worth the effort.
The use of a group in the decision-making process is basic to the_____ _____Style that is part of Democratic management.
- Participatory management
Generic problem classification – one that is _____ and may even be the symptom of a larger problem. It can usually be solved through the application of a rule, policy, or principle.
– Reoccurring
Exceptional problem classification – one that may only occur _____. But it must be dealt with but a response that is peculiar to or customized for that problem.
– Once
Making decisions can be difficult because of the personal barriers that exist within the individual. Some of these barriers are _______ while others are generated by the _______ _______.
Psychological
Organizational culture.
Internal barriers are the result of psychological conflicts within the individual. These barriers are described as follows.
– Fear
– Ego or self-esteem
– Indecisiveness
– Destruct
– Antagonism
– Jealous
– Unethical motives
External barriers that exist outside the individual may be created by how a situation is organized. These barriers are described as follows.
Lack of data
Lack of accurate analysis
Lack of resources
Lack of management/membership
Support
Lack of commitment
Lack of capacity
The ______ ______(a popular theory developed by Jerry B. Harvey from personal experience) explains why members of a group may go along with the decision even when they believe it is to be a bad one rather than dissent against the group.
– Abilene paradox
In 1943, Rotary international adopted as part of their by laws (deleted in the 1980s revision) a four way test for ethical decision-making. To determine if a decision is ethical, answer the following questions.
– Is it the truth
– Is it fair to all concerned
– Will it build goodwill and better relationships
– Will it be beneficial to all concerned
It may be more appropriate to create a four-way test to the fire and emergency services officer that is slightly different. Mentally testing all decisions against this or any excepted standard helps to ensure that a decision is at least ethically sound and justifiable. The questions are.
– Is the decision based on well analyzed facts.
– Is the decision based on ethical values held by the organization in the community.
– Will the decision build strong internal and external relationships and generate the appropriate image of the organization.
– Will the decision benefit everyone affected by it?
