CH4: CARBON & THE MOLECULAR DIVERSITY OF LIFE

Question 1

the study of compounds containing carbon (these are said to be organic); most also have hydrogen

Answer 1

organic chemistry

Question 2

the belief in a life force outside the jurisdiction of physical and chemical laws

Answer 2

vitalism

Question 3

the view that physical and chemical laws govern all natural phenomena

Answer 3

mechanism

Question 4

organic molecules consisting of ONLY C and H

undergo rxns that release large amounts of energy

Answer 4

hydrocarbons

Question 5

compounds that have the same number of atoms of the same elements but different structures and properties

Answer 5

isomers

Question 6

different covalent arrangements of their atoms

Answer 6

structural isomers

Question 7

have same covalent bonds but different spatial arrangements (usually have 2 C that are double bonded)

diff shapes = diff biological activities

Answer 7

cis-trans isomers

Question 8

2 element X’s are on the same side

Answer 8

cis isomer

Question 9

2 element X’s on opposite sides

Answer 9

trans isomers

Question 10

isomers that are mirror images of each other (asymetrical C)

Answer 10

enantiomers

Question 11

the components of organic molecules that are most commonly involved in chem rxns

Answer 11

functional groups

Question 12

What are the 7 Function Groups

Answer 12

Hydroxyl
Carbonyl
Carboxyl
Amino
Sulfhydryl
Phosphate
Methyl

Question 13

complicated organic phosphate; currency of cells

rxn with H2O = release energy of the cell to do work

Answer 13

ATP

Question 14

scientist whose classic apparatus experiment demonstrated the abiotic synthesis of complex organic compounds

led shift to mechanism

Answer 14

Stanley Miller