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Medicinal Plants > Ch.4 > Flashcards

Ch.4 Flashcards

1
Q

Griseofluvin, Tetracycline,fusidic acid, macrolides, polynene are antibiotics synthesised be…….pathway

A

Acetate pathway

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2
Q

Penicillium griseofluvin produces…… antibiotics

A

Griseofluvin

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3
Q

…..acetyl co a and….malonyl co a,are needed in griseofluvin synthesis.

A

1&6

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4
Q

Griseofluvin contains Cl atom..while,griseooanthrone C (griseofluvin) does not….true or false

A

True

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5
Q

Griseofluvin is an anti……,that wworks by inhibiting…….

A

Antifungal,miotic spindles

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6
Q

Griseofluvin has no side effects,while Tetracycline has..

A

True

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7
Q

Dermatophytosis (Trichophyton, Microsporum, and Epidermophyton.),skin, hair, nails can be treated by…

A

Griseofluvin antibiotics.

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8
Q

Griseofluvin can’t be applied….and it is well absorbed by….

A

Topically,gut

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9
Q

Griseofluvin can be used when antifungal…..habe not worked

A

Creams

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10
Q

One ….and …malonyl co a are needed for Tetracycline synthesis..

A

malonamyl co,8

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11
Q

Streptomyces aureofaciens and Streptomyces rimosus preduces… antibiotics

A

Tetracycline

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12
Q

Tetracycline is a
…… spectrum activity and works by ……

A

broad,protein synthesis inhibiting

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13
Q

…. and ….. groups make tetracycline amphoteric, and are more stable in… media thus absorbed …

A

Phenolic,amino,acidic and orally.

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14
Q

Tetracyclines … and … groups make their chelating properties, thus it’s advised not to take them with dairy products that contain …and anti acids that contain …and…

A

phenolic,carbonyl
Ca, Mg, and Al

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15
Q

Doxycycline and minocycline are ….antibiotics,that are…affected by metal ions

A

Semi synthesised less

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16
Q

bones and teeth defects, kidney toxicity and hepatotoxicity…are side effects of ….. antibiotics

A

Tetracycline

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17
Q

… and … are the most commonly prescribed Tetracycline agents.

A

Tetracycline,oxytetracycline

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18
Q

Tetracyclines routes of administration..

A

Orally,locally, drops,and injection

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19
Q

Doxycycline is used as a prophylactic against …

A

malaria

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20
Q

Chronic bronchitis (against haemophilus influenza) and acne (systemically) …arother indications for..

A

Tetracyclines

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21
Q

… is a steroidal antibiotic produced by …( fungus)

A

Fusidic acid,Acremonium fusidioids

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22
Q

Fusidic acid mechanism:

A

Protein synthesis inhibitor( bacteriostatic)

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23
Q

Fusidic acid often used as …and…and eye drops but may also be given as….or….

A

Creams and eye drops
Tablets and injections

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24
Q

Fusidic acid is a ….spectrum,gram …. bacteria

A

Narrow, positive

25
Q

Fusidic acid concentrates in bones…..so it can be used in..

A

Osteomyelitis

26
Q

Fusidic acid usually is being used in combination with other antibiotics to…

A

Minimize resistance

27
Q

Macrolide antibiotics are synthesised by…..spp

A

Streptomyces

28
Q

It contains large……ring

A

Lactone(12.14.16.17) atoms

29
Q

Macrolide structure contains numerous….. substitution in lactone ring

30
Q

Macrolide structure contains……suger,that is attached by …..

A

1-3 deoxy suger

31
Q

Erythromycin A,B are…….,while azithromycin and clarithromycin are…… macrolides

A

Matural,semi synthetic

32
Q

Macrolides moa…….,and targets……and…..bacteria

A

Protein synthesis inhibiting
Gram + and mycoplasma

33
Q

Patients with penicillin allergy can use …… antibiotics instead

34
Q

Macrolide se is mainly

A

GI symptoms

35
Q

Erythromycin a building blocks:
… propionyl coa,
…methylmalonyl coa

36
Q

Arythromycins are film coated bec they get….

A

Inactivated in stomach acidic media

37
Q

Macrolide may cause …..if it was used in high doses

A

Temporary loss of hearing

38
Q

Fir respiratory infections…can be used ..by both…and….

A

Azithromycin
Adults and children

39
Q

Polyenes consist of large….that contain series of….

A

Lactone ring
Conjugated double bonds

40
Q

Most medically important polyenes are heptaene … and tetraene …

A

amphotericin B
Nystatin

41
Q

Polyenes are linkedvia a ……group to an …. unit

A

Hydroxyl
amino suger

42
Q

..,…preduces polyene

A

Streptomyces

43
Q

… infections are treated by polyenes…

A

Candida albicans ..cutaneous.intestinal and vginal

44
Q

Amphitericin b (polyene) synthesis by..

A

One acytel coa
15 malonyl coa
Three methyl malonyl

45
Q

Amphitericin b and nystatin contains ….suger

A

D-mycosamine

46
Q

Amphitericin b acts againts most fungus and yeast trie or false

47
Q

Amphitericin b is well absorbed from the gut true or false

48
Q

Oral administration of amphitericin is restricted for…..treatment

A

Intestinal candidiasis

49
Q

Amphitericin is administered iv for…..

A

Life threatening systematic fungul infections

50
Q

Nystatin is too toxic for iv injection but is used for intestinal candidiasis orally..true or false

53
Q

Antineoplastic anthracyclines produced by …spp
Their moa…

A

Streptomyces
Inhibit DNA dependent RNA synthesis

54
Q

Antineoplastic anthracyclines synthesised from….and…..

A

One propionyl co a
Nine malonyl coa

55
Q

… most successful antitumor,with the largest spectrum of tumers

A

Doxorubicin

56
Q

… is potent in treating breast cancer and has less side effect than …

A

Epirubicin
Doxorubicin

57
Q

… is a synthetic analogue of the anthracyclinones.

A

Mitoxantrone

58
Q

Mitoxantrone has … toxicity than Doxorubicin and is effective for … treatment

A

less
leukemia and solid tumor

Medicinal Plants (3 decks)

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