Ch.4 Flashcards
The Initial Isolation Zone should be established using the recommendation of the Emergency Response Guidebook (ERG), taking the following factors into consideration:
Topography • Material released • Wind/weather
The location of the fire line tape designating the isolation area should be placed in an __________location to ensure that initial actions are undertaken from a safe location.
Uphill or upwind location
Emergency Response Guidebook, 2000 edition: “The ‘________’ is a distance within which all persons should be considered for evacuation in all directions from the actual spill/leak source. It is a distance (radius) which defines a circle
Initial isolation distance
Once on scene, place a short length of fire line tape or other suitable material on the ________ and keep a close watch on wind direction.
Apparatus antenna
Prior to initiating decontamination efforts, first responders should triage patients by attempting to separate _______from _________patients.
Symptomatic from asymptomatic
Emergency decontamination (also referred to as _______) is the initial decontamination intended to rapidly remove as much contamination as possible
Gross decon
_______involves moving the victim from the hazardous atmosphere, and may involve oxygen therapy.
Respiratory decon
________is the expansion of the Emergency Decontamination process to accommodate large numbers of contaminated people
Mass decon
The best personal protective equipment for first responders engaged in decontamination is the Level B ensemble provided for every position on each ____
fire suppression company and rescue ambulance.
Showering time will be incident-specific, but should be between ____ and ____minutes per person.
One to three
First-arriving companies can initiate Mass Decontamination by using fog and spray streams with:
X5
- Ladder pipes
- Portable monitors
- Wagon batteries
- Discharge gates
- Hand lines
If engine companies are positioned to form a corridor, they should be facing ____
in opposite directions so that the panels are on the outside
If possible engines should pump in _____ and nozzles adjusted to a _____ fog pattern
Volume; wide
- If still clothed, instruct patient to remove outer clothing and to avoid removing garments over their head. Approximately ____% or more of the contaminants will be removed by removing clothing.
80%
- Provide a Haz Mat Triage Tag to each patient entering _______ Decontamination.
Secondary
Decontamination Equipment inventory & quantity;
X7
- 5 gal plastic bucket
- 10 x Trash bags /40”x48”
- 10x ziplock bags /10’x 12’x 2mil
- 2x foxtail brush
- 10x Disposable post decon coveralls, xlg
- 1 liquid dish soap
- 10x hazmat triage tags
This Tag is constructed of ____and is completely waterproof. It accepts ballpoint pens when wet, and can be used during decon operations.
100% synthetic paper
To d i fferentiate victim rescue from rescue of first responders, the term used to describe actions directed at retrieving civilian exposure victims is ______
Rapid extraction
Types of extrication x 4
Which is performed by USAR or the hazardous materials task force
Self rescue
Bystander rescue
Responder rescue
Technical rescue ***
Rapid Extraction Guidelines
A successful extraction will minimize the exposure for both the victims and the rescuers, by limiting exposure time and providing immediate decontamination. To accomplish this, ________must be available prior to entry,
Decontamination
Rapid Extraction Guidelines
extraction teams shall use no more than one _______ SCBA bottle prior to evaluation for exposure by Haz Mat personnel.
45 min
Upon encountering any of the following exit conditions, first responders must immediately leave the rescue site, make appropriate notifications, and proceed to decontamination:
X 3
- Any signs or symptoms of exposure for any members of an extraction team;
- Encountering an area with ONLY non-viable victims;
- The first SCBA audible alarm (approximately 25% reserve for exiting and decontamination).
The minimum protection for all hazardous material incidents consists of full structural PPE, SCBA, and ____
personal dosimeter2.
Statistically, the most significant route of exposure for hazardous materials continues to be ________
Inhalation
During extraction operations, the responders’ ____ and _____ are most at risk to become contaminated.
Feet and hands
Alpha radiation represents a risk only if ____ and ______and donning an SCBA eliminates this route of exposure.
Inhaled and injected
Guide 124 states, “Isolate spill or leak area immediately for at least _____to ____meters (____to ____feet) in
100 to 200 meters; 330 to 660ft
Small spill =
Large spill =
Small spill= 200 liters or less( 55 gal. Drum)
Large spill = greater than a 55 gallon drum
Evacuation Methods
The ERG contains a discussion of the two methods of protecting people during a hazardous materials incident:
*when material is flammable which method is preferred
evacuation and sheltering in-place.
DOT placards are diamond-shaped signs (_______ inches on each side) that are required to be affixed on each side and each end of vehicles carrying hazardous materials.
10 3/4
Dot labels are __ inch diamonds( or smaller for cylinders) affixed to non bulk packages of hazardous materials.
4
DOT placard background color;
Orange
Red
Red white white band
Green
Explosive
Flammable
Dangerous
Non flammable
United Nations (UN) Identification Number is a ___ digit number
4
Dot placards vs 704 placards
Dot = transport containers ( 10 3/4” sides w/ 4” diamonds) 704= fixed facilities
Where dot placards are placed?
are required to be affixed on each side and each end of vehicles carrying hazardous materials.
The NFPA diamond is divided into four color-coded quadrants. Each quadrant is a specific color and indicates the following types of hazards:
- how many rankings for each?
Flammability hazard - red
Reactivity hazard - yellow
Special hazards - white
Health hazards - blue
5 rankings 0-4
_______detailed information about the contents of the shipment which may alert first responders to the presence of hazardous materials through a variety of required entries.
Shipping papers
Ty p i c a l m e t h o d s o f c o n t a i n m e n t f o r fi r s t r e s p o n d e r s i n c l u d e :
X7
- Dike (e.g., make a small curb with dirt around drain).
- Dam (e.g., build overflow dam for product that sinks in water).
- Divert (e.g., build small dike to change direction of flow).
- Disperse (e.g., apply fog spray in chlorine cloud).
- Dilute (e.g., apply water to water soluble material).
- Cover (e.g., lay salvage cover over powder spill).
- Foam (e.g., apply AFFF to large gasoline spill)
There are two types of complex or separation dams;
Which type is used when material is lighter than water
Overflow and under flow
- Mark I Auto-Injectors • who carries?
Who carries extra?
Assigned to each position/member of the Department.
Squads, EMS sedans, haz mat tender, ra ambulance disaster cache
When Homeland Security Advisory System threat level of _________) or greater, the peak/ mini radial shall be worn when dispatched on all incidents
High level 4 - orange
the Mini-Radiac shall be worn by all members responding on any of the following incidents:
X5
- Any reported explosion
- Any incident where radiation is expected to be present (Labs, etc)
- Any incident of suspicious nature
- Any Bravo Tango incident in which the LAFD is supporting LAPD operations
- Any incident involving known radiation
When severe or red/level 5 mini radians shall be worn?
• On any incident • When out of quarters • When away from apparatus; and • When in an enclosed space/building Exceptions: Members are not required to wear the PEK/Mini-Radiac while on Fire Department property (e.g., Frank Hotchkin Memorial Training Center or Headquarters).
- everywhere except FD property
Heck and inspect equipment and contents of decon bucket how often
Monthly
A normal hazardous materials assignment consists of the following:
- One Battalion Chief
- One Hazardous Materials Task Force (includes Squad)
- One EMS Captain
- One Paramedic Engine Company
- One Paramedic Rescue
