Ch.31 nursing fundamentals second edition

Question 1

Dysuria

Answer 1

painful or difficult urination

Question 2

Nocturia

Answer 2

waking up at night to urinate

Question 3

Oliguria

Answer 3

urinary output less than 30mL/hour

Question 4

Polyuria

Answer 4

urinary output greater than 3000mL/day

Question 5

Urea

Answer 5

results from amino acid metabolism

Question 6

Uric acid

Answer 6

results from breakdown of RNA and DNA

Question 7

Creatinine

Answer 7

waste product of muscle metabolism (renal functions)

Question 8

Kidneys

Answer 8

2bean shaped organs 6x12cm long, located at L1 on either side of spine

Question 9

Ureters

Answer 9

Hollow tubes that carry urine from kidneys to bladder, each ureter is 25-30cm long

Question 10

Bladder

Answer 10

located in lower pelvis that stores urine

Question 11

Urethra

Answer 11

carries urine from bladder to meatus

Question 12

Structures of urinary system

Answer 12

Kidneys,ureters,bladder, urethra

Question 13

Color

Answer 13

straw colored or amber, dark when more concentrated, very dark amber due to bilirubin

Question 14

Clarity

Answer 14

slightly cloudy indicates bacteria, or large amounts of protein

Question 15

Hematuria

Answer 15

blood in urine

Question 16

Sediment

Answer 16

components that may producjbacteria, mucous, uric acid and phosphates

Question 17

Odor

Answer 17

faintly like ammonia, foul odor may be infection

Question 18

Amount

Answer 18

Normal range 1000-3000 in 24 hrs, acceptable min amount per hr is 30ml

Question 19

Specific gravity

Answer 19

thinness or thickness of urine.normal-1.001-1.029

Question 20

Low PH

Answer 20

UTI

Question 21

Anuria

Answer 21

minimal or no urine production

Question 22

Dialysis

Answer 22

using machine to filter waste products& salts,removes excess fluid from the blood

Question 23

Oliguria

Answer 23

urinary output less than30ml/hr

Question 24

Urinalysis

Answer 24

Clean catch midstream

Question 25

Timed urinary collection

Answer 25

over course of 24hrs to test kidney function

Question 26

Glycosuria

Answer 26

Glucose in urine

Question 27

Proteinuria

Answer 27

Protein in urine

Question 28

Hematuria

Answer 28

Blood in urine

Question 29

Pyuria

Answer 29

Pus in urine

Question 30

Ketonuria

Answer 30

Ketones in urine

Question 31

Urine remaining in bladder after voiding

Answer 31

normal 100ml

Question 32

Stress incontinence

Answer 32

Ex-coughing, laughing, sneezing, vomiting

Question 33

Urge incontinence

Answer 33

Can’t make it to bathroom in time

Question 34

Mixed incontinence

Answer 34

both stress and urge

Question 35

Total incontinence

Answer 35

loss of urine with no warning

Question 36

Neuropathic incontinence

Answer 36

nerves aren’t getting message you have to go

Question 37

Functional incontinence

Answer 37

can’t get to the BR

Question 38

Overflow incontinence

Answer 38

bladder is distended from obstruction

Question 39

Neurogenic bladder dysfunction

Answer 39

dysfunction of the bladder due to disease of central nervous system or peripheral nerves involved in the control of micturition

Question 40

How to manage incontinence

Answer 40

kegel exercises

Question 41

Types of catheters

Answer 41

Straight, indwelling(Foley), Suprapubic(directly from bladder), 3way triple lumen, condom or texas cath for men

Question 42

Guidlines for insertion of Catheter

Answer 42

-physicians order, correct kit and size, clean meatus w/soap and water, use surgical asepsis

Question 43

Care of drainage bag

Answer 43

empty every 8hr and document amount, use graduate, below level of bladder, keep tubes free of kinks, hang on bed

Question 44

D/C Catheter

Answer 44

You need a physicians order, monitor for urinary retention