Ch.3 Water & Life Flashcards
The clinging of one substance to another, such as water to plant cell walls by means of hydrogen bonds
Adhesion
The linking together of like molecules, often by hydrogen bonds
Cohesion
A measure of how difficult it is to stretch or break the surface of a liquid.
Surface Tension
The energy associated w/ the relative motion of obj. Moving can perform work by imparting motion to other matter
Kinetic Energy
The total amount of kinetic energy due to the random motion of atoms or molecules in a body of matter; also called thermal energy. Heat is energy in its most random form.
Heat
A measure of the intensity of heat in degrees, reflecting the avg. kinetic energy of the molecules
Temperature
The amount of heat energy required to raise the temperature of 1g of water by 1˚C; also the amount of heat energy that 1g of water releases when it cools by 1˚C.
Calorie (cal)
A unit of energy: 1J = 0.239 cal; 1 cal = 4.184J
Joule (J)
The amount of heat that must be absorbed or lost for 1g of a substance to change its temp by 1˚C
Specific Heat
The quantity of heat a liquid must absorb for 1g of it to be converted from the liquid to the gaseous state
Heat of Vaporization
A liquid that’s a homogeneous mixture of two or more substances
Solution
The dissolving agent of a solution. Water is the most versatile solvent known
Solvent
A substance that is dissolved in a solution
Solute
Having an affinity for water
Hydrophilic
A mixture made up of a liquid and particles that (because of their large size) remain suspended rather than dissolved in that liquid
Colloid
Having no affinity for water; tending to coalesce and form droplets of water
Hydrophobic
A substance that increases the hydrogen ion concentration of a solution
Ranges: 0-6
Ex: Battery Acid & Wine
Acid
A substance that reduces the hydrogen ion concentration of a solution
Ranges: 8-14
Ex: Bleach & Household Ammonia
Base
A solution that contains a weak acid and its corresponding base. A buffer minimizes changes in pH when acids or bases are added to the solution
Ex: Pepto, Tums, & Rolaids
Buffer
What is freezing and boiling pt in Celsius?
0*C is freezing
100*C is boiling
The transformation of a substance from liquid to gas
Evaporation
