ch.3 - structure of a muscle terms (pt. 1)

Question 1

what is the main function of the muscular system?

Answer 1

movement

Question 2

how do muscles produce movement?

Answer 2

they contract

Question 3

insertion is the place where ___________

Answer 3

muscle is attached to a movable bone

Question 4

what is the place where muscle is attached to an immovable bone called?

Answer 4

origin

Question 5

what are the other functions of the muscular system?

Answer 5

• maintaining posture
• stabilizing joints
• generating heat

Question 6

muscles can be classified into ___ groups. what are these groups called?

Answer 6

3; agonists, antagonists, and synergists

Question 7

what is an antagonist muscle?

Answer 7

a muscle that opposes/does the reverse of a certain movement

Question 8

muscles that help prime movers (antagonists) such as stabilizing across a joint

Answer 8

synergists

Question 9

what are agonist muscles?

Answer 9

muscles that are most responsible for producing a certain movement

Question 10

synergist _________ specifically immobilize the muscle’s origin bone to increase the prime mover’s effectiveness

Answer 10

fixators

Question 11

every muscle is its own _______, composed mainly of skeletal muscle tissue as well as blood vessels, nerves, and connective tissues

Answer 11

organ

Question 12

what is the organelle that makes up most of muscle cells?

Answer 12

myofibrils

Question 13

myofilaments (________ and ________ ) run the length of each myofibril

Answer 13

actin; myosin

Question 14

what are sarcomeres?

Answer 14

the contractile unit of the muscle

Question 15

myofibrils are tiny bunched threads that make up _______

Answer 15

fibers

Question 16

muscle fibers bundle together to form _________

Answer 16

fascicles

Question 17

what are the 3 types of connective tissue that wrap around muscles to support them?

Answer 17

epimysium, perimysium, and endomysium

Question 18

sarcomeres are separated into ______ borders on each end

Answer 18

z disc (/z line)

Question 19

thick filaments contain ______

Answer 19

myosin

Question 20

thin filaments contain _______

Answer 20

actin

Question 21

what does the nervous system use to connect with skeletal muscles?

Answer 21

somatic motor neurons

Question 22

________ and ________ are excitable cells

Answer 22

neurons; muscle cells

Question 23

what does “excitable” mean?

Answer 23

respondent to external stimuli by changing their resting membrane potential

Question 24

resting membrane potential is ______________________

Answer 24

a signal that sends a voltage across the cell membrane

Question 25

what is action potential (AP)?

Answer 25

the large change in membrane potential that spreads rapidly over long distances within the cell