Ch3- history Flashcards
1
Q
Who was the first person to lead a Roman invasion in Britain in 55 BC?
A
Julius Caesar
unsuccessful
- for nearly 100 yrs Britain was separate from Roman Empire
2
Q
Which name is given to the tombs where people buried their dead during the Bronze Age?
A
round barrows
3
Q
What did the ‘Bill of Rights‘ confirm in 1689?
A
rights of Parliament + limits of king’s power
- who could be monarch + king/ queen must be Protestant
4
Q
Who designed the Clifton Suspension Bridge located over the Avon George?
A
Isambard Kingdom Brunel
3 words
5
Q
During the Middle Ages, England was an important trading nation and people came to England from abroad to trade and also to work. Where did the glass manufacturers come from?
A
Italy
6
Q
Which American President worked closely with Margaret Thatcher?
A
Ronald Reagent
Thatcher RR attention🤯
7
Q
Who was the first Archbishop of Canterbury?
A
St Augustine
led missionaries from Rome, spread Chirstianity in South
8
Q
When did ‘the Concorde’ aircraft fly for the first time?
A
1969
- began carrying passengers in 1976
9
Q
When did Adolf Hitler come to power in Germany?
A
1933
when everyone was still alive (saang)
10
Q
What was inscribed in the first coins to be minted in Britain during the Iron Age?
A
names of Iron Age kings
11
Q
When did Emmeline Pankhurst set up the Women’s Franchise League, which fought to get the vote in local elections for married women?
A
1889
Emmeline Pankhurst was born in Manchester in 1858. She set up the women‘s Franchise League in 1889, which fought to get the vote in local elections for married women. In 1903 she helped found the Women‘s Social and Political Union (WSPU).
12
Q
In which English county is the monument of Stonehenge located?
A
Wiltshire
The ancestors of these first farmers probably came from south-east Europe. These people built houses, tombs and monuments on the land.
13
Q
What is the best-known work from Robert Burns?
Scottish poet
A
Auld Lang Syne
sung by UK ppl + other countries when celebrating New Year (/ Hogmanay in Scot)
14
Q
What British actor was best known for his roles in various Shakespeare plays?
A
Sir Laurenece Olivier
15
Q
Who was responsible for the construction of the Great Western Railway?
A
Isambard Kingdom Brunel
- 1st major railway in Britain
- runs from Paddington Station (London) to SW of England, West Midlands + Wales
16
Q
Which TWO of the following forts form part of Hadrian’s Wall?
A
- Housesteads
- Vindolanda
17
Q
How many British casualties were recorded during the First World War?
A
- >2m
smallest option
18
Q
Why did Henry VIII decide to divorce Catherine of Aragon?
A
too old to give him another child
19
Q
What characterised the Bronze Age?
A
- roundhouses
- buries dead in tombs
Bronze age = 2000BC - 700BC
20
Q
How many British citizens left the country between 1853 and 1913?
A
13m
21
Q
Who was known as the Iron Duke?
A
Duke of Wellington
‘gosh, wellington boots are heavy as iron!’
In 1815, the French Wars ended with the defeat of the Emperor Napoleon by the Duke of Wellington at the Battle of Waterloo. Wellington was known as the Iron Duke and later became Prime Minister.
22
Q
British inventions (3)
A
- World Wide Web (www.)
- Turing machine
- hovercraft
23
Q
When did Argentina invade the Falklands Islands?
A
1982
發異(想天開)
24
Q
When did Alexander Fleming win the Nobel Prize in medicine for the discovery of penicillin?
A
1945
science = nice no.
25
When did the Roman army leave Britain?
AD 410
26
When was Emmeline Pankhurst born?
1858
| 5 8 women's day
27
How long did WWI last for?
4 years
## Footnote
1914-1918
28
Who was Henry VII?
leader of House of Lancaster
29
Which British scientist led the development of the atomic bomb?
Ernest **Rutherford**
| atomic model!
30
What was the ability of the Harrier **jump** jet aircraft?
to take off **vertically**
31
Which two scientists led a team which was the first to succeed in cloning a mammal, Dolly the sheep?
Sir Ian Wilmot
Keith Campbell
| KC = me :)
32
What British discovery was influential in the development of computer science and the modern-day computer?
Turing machine
33
Which famous philosopher developed ideas about **hum**an nature during the 18th century and that have continued to influence philosophers over the years?
David **Hum**e
34
Which prehistoric village located in northern Europe has helped archaeologists to understand more about how people lived near the end of the **S**tone Age?
**S**kara Brae
| **S**tone **A**ge vs **S B**
## Footnote
on Orkney, off the North coast of **Scot**
35
During the Middle Ages, a Parliament was developed in Scotland, which had three Houses called Estates. These were:
1. lords
2. commons
3. clergy
36
Which of the following scientific discoveries helped the progress of the Industrial Revolution?
steam power
## Footnote
James Watt
37
Where in England was one of the Anglo-Saxon kings buried with **treasure** and armour?
Sutton **Hoo**, Suffolk
| treasure- woo**hoo**!
38
Words that come from the Norman French
- Beauty
- park
39
Catherine Parr, the sixth wife of Henry VIII, was Anne Boleyn’s cousin
False
Catherine Howard was Anne Boleyn's cousin
40
What was the symbol of York during the Wars of the Roses?
white rose
41
During which movement the Parliament passed laws giving women the right to equal pay and made it illegal for employees to discriminate against women because of their gender:
the Swinging Sixties
42
Where can you find a statue of **B**oudicca, the queen of the Iceni and *one of the tribal leaders who fought against the Romans*?
Westminster **B**ridge
43
For how long was Britain a republic under the leadership of Oliver Cromwe**ll**?
**11**
44
Who became one of the most popular monarchs in English history, particularly after 1588, when the English defeated the Spanish Armada?
## Footnote
16th cent
Elizabeth I
## Footnote
Spanish Armada (a large fleet of ships)- sent by Spain to conquer England and restore Catholicism
45
When did the ‘Concorde‘ aircraft retire from service?
2003
| SARS
46
When did the Allies defeat Germany marking the end of the **S**econd World War?
**May** 194**5**
| S looks like 5
47
During the Middle Ages, England was an important trading nation and people came to England from abroad to trade and also to work. Where did the weavers come from?
France
48
During the Middle Ages, England was an important trading nation and people came to England from abroad to trade and also to work. Where did the engineers come from?
Germany
49
During the Middle Ages, England was an important trading nation and people came to England from abroad to trade and also to work. Where did the cana**l** bui**l**ders come from?
Ho**ll**and
50
Throughout the 1990s, Britain played a leading role in coalition forces involved in the liberation of Kuwait, following the Iraqi invasion in 1990, and the conflict in the former Republic of Yugoslavia:
T
51
The ‘**swinging** sixties’ was a period of significant social change and it was known for its growth in:
British fashion, cinerma, popular **music**
## Footnote
1960s
52
Who were the parents of Elizabeth I?
Henry VIII + Anne Boleyn
| second wife
53
Who was reigning in Britain when Wales became formally united with England by the Act for the Government of Wales?
Henry VIII
54
Who were the first people to live in Britain in what we call the Stone Age?
Hunter-gatherers
55
After the Black Death, new social classes appeared in England, including owners of large areas of land known as:
Gentry
56
When did people learn how to make bronze?
~4000 years ago
57
Who was Boudicca?
One of the tribal leaders who fought against the **Romans**
58
What actions did Henry VII take after his victory in the Wars of the Roses?
Reduced power of the nobles
| to solidify his power!
## Footnote
After his victory in the Wars of the Roses, Henry VII wanted to make sure that England remained peaceful and that his position as king was secure. He deliberately strengthened the central administration of England and reduced the power of the nobles.
59
Who became Prime Minister in May 2010?
David Cameron
## Footnote
In May 2010, and for the first time in the UK since February 1974, **no political party won an overall majority** in the General Election. The **Conservative and Liberal Democrat** parties formed a **coalition** and the leader of the Conservative Party, David Cameron, became Prime Minister.
60
the Middle Ages was:
## Footnote
medieval period
a period of constant war
61
What does NATO stand for?
North Atlantic Treaty Organisation
62
What characerised the people from Bronze Age?
They were accomplished metalworkers
## Footnote
made beautiful objects in bronze + gold, inc tools, ornaments, weapons
63
What is the name of the event that refers to the 6 June 1944 when Allied Forces landed in Normandy aiming to attack Hitler’s forces in Western Europe during World War II?
D-Day
64
Which British Prime Minister led the Conservative government from 1979 to 1990?
Margaret Thatcher
## Footnote
Britain's first woman PM
65
Which of the following civilisations is known for having built roads and public buildings, creating a structure of law and having introduced new plants and animals in Britain?
Romans
| Romans are smart
## Footnote
remained in Britain for 400 years
66
When was the Turing machine discovered?
1930s
## Footnote
invented by Alan Turing
67
What marked the beginning of what is called ‘constitutional monarchy’?
laws passed after the **Glorious Revolution**
68
During which period were the House of Lords and House of Commons established?
Middle Ages
69
How many years did Queen Victoria reign for?
almost 64 years
## Footnote
became queen at 18, in 1837, until 1901
70
What is the name of **Admiral** Nelson's ship?
HMS **Victory**
| admire victory- narcissist
71
Which of the following was one of the commanders in the defeat of the Spanish Armada and one of the founders of England’s naval tradition?
| **navy**
**Sir** Francis Drake
| navy = glory = sir
72
Who was the inventor of the World Wide Web?
Sir Tim Berners-Lee
| 3 words
## Footnote
1st successful attempt on 25 Dec 1990
73
When did the Wars of the Ro**s**e**s** start?
14**55**
## Footnote
In 1455, a civil war was begun to decide who should be king of England. It was fought between the supporters of two families: the House of Lancaster and the House of York. This war was called the Wars of the Roses, because the symbol of Lancaster was a red rose and the symbol of York was a white rose.
74
When did the UK join the European Economic Community (EEC)?
1973
75
Who defeated the French at the battle of ***A***gincourt in **1*4*15**?
King Henry V
## Footnote
one of the most famous battles of the Hundred Years War
76
Which British Prime Minister nationalised major industries including **c**oal and st***eel***?
**C**lement Att***lee***
## Footnote
- nationalisation of major industries
- created NHS
- implemented Beveridge's plans for a stronger welfare state
- improve worker conditions
77
Which British **explorer** mapped the coast of Australia?
**Captain** James Cook
## Footnote
established a few colonies
78
What were the main occupations of the people during the Iron Age?
Farmers, craft workers, warriors
79
What was the name of **Sir** Francis Drake’s ship and which was one of the first to sail around the world?
## Footnote
sail around - 'circumnavigate'
The Golden Hind
| hind = female deer = **fancy**
## Footnote
- one of the commanders in the defeat of Spanish Armada
- one of the founders of England's naval tradition
80
Why did Henry VIII marry Anne of Cleves?
## Footnote
**German princess**
for political reasons
## Footnote
then divorced
81
How many American colonies declared their independence in 1776, stating that people had a right to establish their own governments?
13
82
Where was Catherine of Aragon (the first wife of Henry VIII) from?
Spain
## Footnote
Spanish princess
83
When did the post-war economic boom come to an end?
late 1970s
84
During her government, Margaret Thatcher made structural changes to the economy through the privatisation of nationalised industries and imposed legal controls on trade union powers:
T
85
Who sat at the House of Commons during the Middle Ages?
Knights + wealthy ppl from towns + cities
## Footnote
knights- usually smaller landowners
86
Which of the following words come from the **A**nglo-**S**axon language?
- **a**pple
- **s**ummer
87
How old was the Queen of Scotland, Mary Stuart, when she became queen?
a week old
88
Who wrote a famous series of poems in English about a group of people going to Canterbury on a **pilgrimage** and known as ‘The Canterbury Tales’?
**G**eoffrey **C**haucer
| GC ~ Jesus ~ pilgraimage
89
Which British Prime Minister was famous for the speech ‘I have nothing to offer but blood, toil, tears and sweat’?
Winston Churchill
## Footnote
1st speech to House of Commons after becoming PM
90
Which of the following countries did NOT belong to the Allies during World War II?
a. France
b. Bulgaria
c. The UK
d. Australia
## Footnote
/ WWI
Bulgaria
91
Which famous architect designed St Paul’s **C**athedral after it was destroyed by a fire in 1666?
Sir **C**hristopher Wren
| CW- Wrecked Cathedral
92
Who proposed that enemy aircrafts could be detected by **r**adio **w**aves and is responsible for the development of the **r**adar?
Sir **R**obert **W**atson-Watt
93
Who sat at the House of Lords during the Middle Ages?
- great landowners
- bishops
94
Which of the following countries was NOT part of the Central Powers during the First World War?
a, Germany
b. Serbia
c. Austria
d. Hungary
Serbia
## Footnote
was part of Allied powers
95
Who was the first English Prime Minister?
Sir Robert Walpole
96
Who established the Church of England?
Henry VIII
## Footnote
to divorce his first wife but the Pope refused
97
What is the meaning of 'Magna Carta'?
The Great Charter
## Footnote
- even the **king was subject to law**
- protected rights of nobility
- **restricted king's power** to collect taxes/ make + change laws
98
When did the Wars of the Roses end?
1485
| 30 yrs!!
## Footnote
ended w/ Battle of Bosworth Field
99
Who was the British Minister after Margaret Thatcher?
John Major
## Footnote
established N Ireland peace process
100
Who defeated Emperor Napoleon at the Battle of Waterloo in 1815?
Duke of Wellington
101
Which famous economist developed ideas about economics during the 18th century and which are still referred to today?
Adam Smith
## Footnote
economist (might be Scottish)
102
Who invented the **cash-dispensing** ATM (automatic teller machine) or ‘cashpoint’?
James **Goodfellow**
103
What is the meaning of the term ‘Habeas corpus’?
You must present the person in court
## Footnote
every prisoner has a right to a court hearing
104
What was the most spoken language during the Iron Age?
Celtic
105
When did the English become the preferred language of the royal court and Parliament?
1400
106
What did the Chartists campaign for?
right to vote for the working classes + other ppl w/o property
107
When did Emmeline Pankhurst die?
19**28**
## Footnote
women given right to vote at age of 21 before she dies -- so win!
108
How old was Queen Victoria when she became Queen in 1837?
18 yrs old
109
Which battle signified the end of the Wars of the **Roses**?
the Battle of Bosworth **Field**
110
Who became PM in the UK in May 1940?
Winston Churchill
| ancient
## Footnote
son of politician, was a soldier + journalist before MP
111
When did English settlers begin to colonise the **e**astern coast of America?
In **E**lizabeth I's time
112
When did the Black Death come to England?
**1**3**4**8
## Footnote
Middle Ages
113
When did British combat troops leave Iraq?
2009
| cos Lok Yin was born
114
The line ‘all the world’s a stage’ belongs to which of the following plays or poems written by William Shakespeare?
As You Like It
115
Who was in charge of the British fleet at the Battle of Trafalgar?
Admiral Nelson
## Footnote
killed in the battle
116
Who was the leader of the English Republic?
Oliver Cromwell
| only option that is not king
117
Where was Margaret Thatcher born?
Lincolnshire
| lincoln = posh = PM
## Footnote
daughter of a grocer
118
Who introduced the Statute of Rhuddlan by which **W**ales annexed to the Crown of England in 1284?
King Ed**w**ard I of England
119
Which was the first **major** railway built in Britain?
**Great** Western Railway
120
In the 15th century, Henry Tudor, the leader of the House of Lancaster, became:
King Henry VII
## Footnote
after defeating King Richard III of York
121
Under which king did the ***A***nglo-Saxon kingdoms in England unite to defeat the **Vikings**?
King ***A***lfred the **Great**
122
Who invaded England after the Romans?
Anglo-Saxons
## Footnote
Romans left in AD 410 to defend other parts of Roman Empire, never returned.
Britain then invaded by N Europe tribes: Jutes, Angles, Saxons
123
# T/F
The Elizabethan period in England was a time of growing patriotism: a feeling of pride in being English, English explorers sought new trade routes and tried to expand British trade into the Spanish colonies in the Americas:
T
124
Who were the suffragettes?
group who used civil disobedience to gain the vote for women
125
When did Henry VIII die?
Jan 1547
| never made it to feb (fab) cos he killed his wives
## Footnote
28/1/1547
126
Which of the following lines from Shakespeare’s plays and poems is often still quoted?
a. The Darling buds of May
b. I have nothing to offer but blood, toil, tears and sweat
c. Long live our noble King
d. God save the King
A
## Footnote
line from Sonnet 18 -- Shall I Compare Thee To A Summer's Day
127
Which of the following statements about Mary, Queen of the Scotland, is NOT true?
A. She spent most of her childhood in France
B. She was a Protestant
C. She gave her throne to her Protestant son, James VI of Scotland.
D. She was kept her prisoner for 20 years
B, ∵ she was a Catholic
## Footnote
Mary Stuart
128
When did Ireland become unified with England, Wales and Scotland?
1801
## Footnote
after Act of Union of 1800 --> United Kingdom of Great Britain + Ireland
129
What was the estimated population of the British Empire during the Victorian period?
more than 400m
## Footnote
largest empire in the world at the time-
- all of India
- Australia
- largest parts of Africa
130
Which of the following countries was NOT part of the Allied Powers during the First World War?
A. France
B. Japan
C. Serbia
D. Bulgaria
D
## Footnote
part of Central Powers
131
Florence Nightingale is known for her work on:
development of nursing in the UK
132
Which act abolished slavery throughout the British Empire in 1833?
the Emancipation Act
133
Who became King of England when Queen Anne died in 1714?
George I
## Footnote
German chosen by Parliament ∵ he was Anne's nearest Protestant relative
134
How many British casualties were recorded during the first day of the British attack of the Somme in July 191**6** during WWI?
**6**0,000
135
Which 2 countries developed the 'Concorde' aircraft?
France + Britain
136
Which **Scottish** physician and researcher co-discovered the insulin used to treat diabetes?
John **MacLeod**
| Scottish = weird surname
137
Which of the following social laws were liberalised during the 1960s?
A. The law of abortion
B. The law of divorce
C. The law of immigration
D. The law of adoption
A, B
## Footnote
in England, Wales, Scotland
138
Who was the mother of Elizabeth I?
Anne Boleyn
139
When was the NHS established?
1948
## Footnote
led by Aneurin (Nye) Bevan, Minister of Health- guaranteed min standard of healthcare for all, free at point of use
140
How many Russian and Polish Jews came to Britain to escape prosecution between 1870 and 1914?
~120,000
| 3rd biggest option
141
The line ‘a rose by any other name’ belongs to which of the following plays or poems written by William Shakespeare?
'Romeo and Juliet'
142
When was the first television broadcast made?
19**32**
| 生意
## Footnote
- Scotsman John Logie Baird
- betw London + Glasgow
143
Who invented the hovercraft?
Sir Christopher Cockerell
| Chris = cool
144
Which of the following events relates to the German bombing of London and other cities at night time during the World War II?
A. The Bombing
B. The German raid
C. The Blitz
D. The Axis
The Blitz
## Footnote
- Battle of Britain
- summer of 1940
145
British invention from the 20th century?
Harrier jump jet
146
When did Win**s**ton Churchill die?
196**5**
147
During the **17th century** there were two main groups in Parliament, which were known as:
Whigs + Tories
148
When was the Women's Social and Political Union (WSPU) established?
**1903**
| latest option
149
Under which Act was the UK of Great Britain created?
Act of Union
## Footnote
- also known as Treaty of Union in Scotland
- 1707
150
When did the first farmers arrive in Britain?
6000 years ago
| smallest option
151
For what purpose was the Statue of Rhuddlan introduced?
annex **Wales** to Crown of England
## Footnote
by King Edward I
152
When did Henry VIII start reining?
April **1509**
## Footnote
21/4/1509 - 28/1/1547
153
# T/F
In May 2010, the Conservative and Liberal Democrat parties formed a coalition and the leader of the Liberal Democrat Party, David Cameron, became Prime Minister:
F
## Footnote
David Cameron = leader of **Conservatives**
154
Which hill fort from the Iron Age can be seen in the county of Dorset?
Maiden Castle
| olden times = maid
## Footnote
England
155
Why was the 'Habeas Corpus Act' of 1679 an important piece of legislation?
guaranteed that no one could be held prisoner unlawfully
156
Who was Prime Minister in England from **1721 to 1742**?
**Sir** Robert Walpole
## Footnote
**FIRST** PM
157
The Battle of Hastings is commemorated in a great piece of embroidery, which is known as:
**Ba**yeux tapestry
| **Ba**ttle
## Footnote
France
158
Which of the following countries did NOT join the European Economic Community when it was first formed in 1957 (choose ONE option)?
A. Luxembourg
B. West Germany
C. The UK
D. The Netherlands
UK
## Footnote
initial EEC:
- W Germany
- France
- Belgium
- Italy
- Luxembourg
- Netherlands
UK joined in 1973
159
When was Ireland divided into **2** countries?
19**22**
## Footnote
peace treaty signed in 1921
160
The Middle Ages or medieval times relate to the time that goes from the period after the Norman Conquest until the year:
1485
161
When did the Vikings first visit Britain to raid coastal towns and take away goods and slaves?
AD 789
## Footnote
Vikings from **Denmark** + Norway
162
Where can Admiral Nelson's ship known as HMS Victory be visited?
**Port**smouth
| ship - port
163
Who were the **P**uritans?
a group of **P**rotestants who advocated strict and simple religious doctrine and worship
164
What is the name of the battle where the Scottish led by Robert the **B**ruce defeated the English in 1314?
the Battle of **B**annockburn
| buttock burn ∵ English betrayed by Scots
## Footnote
**and Scotland remained unconquered by the English**
165
Who took the British throne after the death of Henry VIII?
Edward VI
166
Which of the following words comes from the Viking language?
A. Pencil
B. Table
C. Scunthorpe
D. Rabbit
C.
| Vikings = weird words
## Footnote
or 'Grimsby'
167
During the Crusades, European Christians fought for the control of:
the Holy Land
168
The line ‘to be or not to be’ belongs to which of the following plays or poems written by William Shakespeare?
'Hamlet'
169
# T/F
**C**harles I wanted the worship of the Church of England to include more **c**eremony and introduced a revised Prayer Book:
T
170
What was the name of the project through which the atomic bomb was developed?
Manhattan project
## Footnote
US
171
Who supported the Parliament during the Civil War that began in 1642?
the **Roundheads**
| 圓滑
## Footnote
civil war betw king + parliament in 1642
- Cavaliers supported king
- roundheads supported parliament
172
When Henry VIII took the title 'King of Ireland', English laws were introduced. Who were expected to follow the instructions for the Lord Lieutenants in Dublin?
everyone including local leaders
173
When was **Linc**oln Cathedral built?
medieval times
| link = middle
174
How old was Edward **VI** when he died?
| 51
**15** yrs old
## Footnote
after just over 6 yrs of ruling
--> half-sister Mary became queen
175
What area of Ireland did the English rule by 1200?
Pale, around Dublin
| Dublin - capital of Ireland
176
Who was Florence Nightingale?
a nurse who worked in military hospitals, treatings soldeiers who were fighting in the Crimean War
177
Who was UK Prime Minister from 1945 - 1951?
C**l**ement Attlee
## Footnote
led Labour for 20 yrs
178
Was Queen Elizabeth I a Catholic or Protestant?
P
179
When did King Edward I of England introduce the Statute of Rhuddlan by which Wales annexed to the Crown of England?
1**28**4
| Wales more obedient
180
The settlements of Scottish and English Protestants in Ulster (the northern province of Ireland) during the reigns of Elizabeth I and James I, who took over the land from Catholic landholders is known as:
Plantations
181
When did the 'Habeas Corpus Act' become law?
16**79**
182
# T/F
Churchill was the son of a politician and, before becoming a Conservative MP in 1900, was a soldier and journalist.
T
183
Who built the Tower of London after becoming king in 1066?
William the Conqueror
184
Who succeeded David Cameron as Prime Minister after the referendum on the UK's membership of the European Union?
Theresa May
## Footnote
13/7/2016
185
# T/F
During the slave trade, slaves were taken from West Africa to America and the Caribbean to work on tobacco and sugar plantations:
T
186
What Palace was a cast-iron and plate-glass building originally erected in Hyde Park, London, to house the Great Exhibition of 1851?
Crystal Palace
187
When did the first Christian communities appear in Britain?
3rd + 4th centuries
188
Who used a system of land ownership known as feudalism?
Normans
189
When were the Houses of Parliament built?
19th cent
190
Who was reining Britain when the British Empire became the largest empire the world has ever seen, with an estimated population of more than 400 million people?
Queen Victoria
## Footnote
British Empire - all of India, Australia, large part of Africa
191
Where are the ancestors of the first farmers to arrive in Britain believed to come from?
S**E** Europe
| SEE
192
Who was Henry Pur**cell**?
musician
| **cell**o
## Footnote
organist at Westminster Abbey, wrote church music + operas
193
How long did the Romans stay in Britain?
400 yrs
194
How old is the Elizabeth Tower (Big Ben)?
over 150
195
# T/F
Hadrian's Wall is a popular UNESCO World Heritage Site:
T
196
Where was Florence Nightingale born?
Italy
## Footnote
born to English parents in 1820
197
What proportion of the population died because of the Black Death?
1/3
198
Where did the supporters of Charles Edward Stuart come from?
| 'Bonnie Prince Charlie', grandson of James II
Highlands
## Footnote
clansmen from Scottish highlands
raised an army
199
Who was the first Danish King?
Cnut also 'Canute'
200
What did the Romans introduce to Britain?
New plants and animals
## Footnote
Romans:
- built roads + public buildings
- created structure of law
- introduced new plants + animals
201
Who set up the first formal anti-slavery campaigns?
The Quakers
## Footnote
in late 1700s, petitioned Parliament to ban slavery
202
Who ordered to write the Book of Common Prayer?
Edward VI
## Footnote
- son of Henry VIII
- **strongly Protestant**
- used by Church of England
203
Who won the Wars of the Roses?
Huose of Lancaster
204
Which clan was killed because of not taking an oath?
The **MacDonalds** of Glencoe
## Footnote
- all Scottish clans required to take an oath, to formally accept William as king
205
How long is the Bayeux Tapestry?
70m
| biggest option
## Footnote
commemorates Battle of Hastings
206
What is known as the Bessemer process?
prod of steel
207
When did the **Glorious** Revolution happen?
**168**8
208
Where did Charles II hide to escape from Cromwell's army?
in an oak tree
## Footnote
escaped from Worcester, hid, fled to Europe
209
What medal was introduced during the Crimean War?
Victoria Cross
210
Why is it called 'The Glorious Revolution'?
because there was no fighting
## Footnote
no fighting ∵ guaranteed power of Parliament, ending threat of monarch ruling on their own
211
Which country(s) did Britain fight against during the Battle of Trafalgar?
Spain + France
## Footnote
1805
212
What is the 'King James' Bible?
a new translation into English
## Footnote
- known as 'King James Version' or **Authorised Version**'
- x first English Bible, but version used by many Protestant Churches today
213
Which country invented Cricket?
England
214
Who designed the Cenotaph?
**Sir** Edwin Lutyens
## Footnote
designed many war memorials throughout th world
215
Who lost a lot of their power after the Battle of Culloden in 1746?
the clans
216
Which Scottish poet wrote 'The **B**ruce'?
John **B**arbour
## Footnote
about the **B**attle of **B**annockburn
217
When did the English defeat the Spanish Armada?
1588
218
When did the English Civil War begin?
1642
## Footnote
betw the Cavaliers + Roundheads
219
Which party formed the government in 2010?
it was a coalition
220
Who tried to arrest 5 parliamentary leaders from the House of Commons?
Charles I
## Footnote
went into House of Commons, tried to arrest them, but they had been warned so were not there --> 1642 English Civil War
221
When did Scotland abolish the authority of the Pope?
1560
222
Which of the following was one of the most famous battles of the Hundred Years War?
A. Battle of Agincourt
B. Battle of Banoockburn
C. Battle of Culloden
D. Battle of Waterloo
A. **A**gincourt
| / *again*
## Footnote
- 1415
- King Henry V's vastly outnumbered English army defeated the French
- English left France in 1450s
223
# T/F
The Reform Act of 1832 abolished the old pocket and rotten boroughs.
T
224
When was the hovercraft invented?
1950s
225
Who is known as William the Conqueror?
William, the Duke of Normandy
## Footnote
1066, an invasion led by William, the Duke of Normandy (in what is now northern France), defeated Harold, the Saxon king of England, at the *Battle of Hastings*.
Harold was killed in the battle.
*William became king of England* and is known as William the Conqueror.
226
Where was Anne Boleyn, the wife of Henry VIII, executed?
Tower of London
## Footnote
Anne Boleyn was unpopular + was accused of taking lovers
227
Which king was executed in 1649?
Charles I
228
Who supported King Charles I during the Civil War?
Cavaliers
229
When was England ruled by a republic and not by a monarch?
when Charles I was executed
## Footnote
England declared itself a republic, called the Commonwealth
230
Who was given the title of Lord Protector?
Oliver Cromwell
## Footnote
- when there was no king/ queen
- established commonwealth
231
Who came from the Netherlands to become the British monarch?
Charles II
232
During the reigh of Charles II, parts of London were destroyed. What was the cause of this destruction?
A fire
## Footnote
1666
233
William of Orange was asked by Protestants to invade England and proclaim himself king. But, when William reached England, there was no resistance and he took over the throne.
The event was later known as:
the Glorious Revolution
234
Who built a wall in the north of England to keep out the Picts (ancestors of the Scottish ppl)?
Emperor Hadrian
235
Which two of the following records give us information about England during the reign of William I?
1. Domesday Book
2. Bayeux Tapestry
236
What English King introduced the Domesday Book?
William the Conqueror
## Footnote
- list of all the towns and villages
- also ppl who lived there, who owned the land, what animals they owned
237
When was the Domesday Book written?
after the **Norman** conquest
238
Which was the last successful foreign invasion of England that took place in 1066?
Norman Conquest
## Footnote
William the Conqueror came and had England
239
Which historical monument did **W**illiam the Conqueror build?
**W**hite Tower
240
What did Sir Frank Whittle invent in the 1930s?
Jet engine
241
Who wrote 'The Daffodils'?
William Wordsworth
| nature
242
Women over the age of 30 were given the right to vote as a result of their contribution towards the war effort.
Which war was that?
WWI
243
When did Ireland become a republic?
1949
244
When was the Magna Carta created?
1215
| earliest option
245
Who was the first person in England to print books using a printing press?
William Caxton
246
What did the Scottich John Logie Baird develop?
Television
| name is cartoonic --> TV
247
What is the name of the long war that English kings fought with France in the middle ages?
the Hundred Years War
## Footnote
even tho it lasted 116 yrs
248
Who was supported by clansmanen from the Scottish highlands and raised an army in 1745?
Bonnie Prince Charlie
## Footnote
- Charles Edward Stuart
- Stuart king in place of George II, was grandson of James II
249
Which country was invaded by Germany in 1939?
Poland
250
What led the American colonies to want their independence from Britain?
British gov wanted to tax them
251
During the Great Depression in the 1930s, which industry was badly affected?
shipbuilding
## Footnote
traditional heavy industries
252
Who was the first man in the world to run 1 mile in under 4 minutes?
Sir **R**oge**r** Banniste**r**
| **r**un **r**un **r**un
## Footnote
1954
253
What is known as the 'Dunkirk Spirit'?
evacuation of allied soldiers from France during WWII
## Footnote
During WWII as France fell, the British decided to evacuate British and French soldiers from France in a huge naval operation. Many civilian volunteers in small pleasure and fishing boats from Britain helped the Navy to rescue more than 300,000 men from the beaches around Dunkirk.
254
Who did Britain fight against in the Crimean War?
Russia
## Footnote
Britain fought w/ Turkey + France
(1st war to be extensively covered by media)
255
Which war took place between 1899 and 1902 in South Africa?
the Boer War
256
Which was a crucial aerial *battle* fought between Germany and *Britain* during WWII?
the Battle of Britain
257
When was the United Nations set up?
after WWII (1945)
258
In 1913, the British government promised 'Home Rule' for Ireland, why were changes in Ireland delayed until 1921?
∵ outbreak of WWI
259
What is the name of Irish people who **f**avoured complete independence from the UK in the 19th century?
**F**enians
260
Who was reigning in England when English settlers first began to colonise the **e**astern coast of America?
**E**lizabeth I
261
In 1776, which British colonies declared their independence because they demanded that there should be 'no taxation without representation'?
North American
262
What led to WWI?
assassination of the Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria on 28 June 1914
263
What is the name of the process by which many Scottish landlords destroyed individual small farms (known as 'crofts') to make space for large flocks of sheep and cattle?
the Highland Clearances
264
Which two are Civil War Battles?
1. Battle of Marston Moor
2. Battle of Naseby
| the other 2 options were actual wars
265
What is the name of the movement against the authority of the Pope and the ideas of the Catholic Church that took place during the reign of Henry VIII?
the Reformation
266
WWII started as a result of Germany invading which country?
Poland
## Footnote
- 1939
- Britain + France declared war to stop Hitler's aggression
267
How did the Government promote policies of free trade during the Victorian Age?
Abolishing a no. of taxes on imported goods
## Footnote
eg. revoking Corn Laws in 1846, which had prevented the import of cheap grain
--> cheap import of raw materials --> development of British industry
268
During the Middle Ages, who were the serfs?
Peasants who had a small area of their lord's agricultural land
269
Between 1680 and 1720 many refugees called Huguenots came to England, which country did they come from?
France
270
Who was William Wilber**force**?
Politician
## Footnote
- evangelical Christian + mem of Parliament
- turned public opinion against slave trade, along w/ other abolitionists (ppl who supported abolition of slavery)
271
Who was a famous Art De**c**o **c**eramic designer?
**C**larice **C**liff
272
Who was a famous furniture designer?
Thomas Chippendale
273
Who was a famous interior designer in the 20th century?
Sir Terence Conran
274
Why were canals built during the Industrial Revolution?
to link factories to towns + cities + the ports
## Footnote
esp in new industrial areas in middle + N of England
275
Which 2 languages were used across England during the Middle Ages?
1. Norman French
2. Anglo-Saxon
## Footnote
- after Norman conquest, king + his noblemen spoke Norman French
- peasants continued to speak Anglo-Saxon
276
Which tribe came to Britain from northern Europe after the Romans left in AD 410?
The Jutes
## Footnote
Britain invaded by the Jutes, the Angles, the Saxons
277
What food shortage caused the famine in Ireland?
potato
## Footnote
a million ppl died from disease + starvation
278
What happened to Charles I after he was in prison?
he was executed
## Footnote
- his army was defeated at the Battles of Marston Moor + Naseby --> was held prisoner by the parliamentary army
- unwilling to reach agreement w/ Parliament --> executed in 1649
279
What country was in conflict with the UK for trading reasons during the 18th century?
France
## Footnote
∵ France was expanding + trading in ~ way in many of the same areas of the world
280
Where was William the Conqueror from?
France
## Footnote
Duke of Normandy (now nothern France)
(defeated Harold, Saxon king of England, at Battle of Hastings 1066)
281
Who was invited to invade + rule England in 1688?
William of Orange
## Footnote
invited by important Protestants in England to invade England + proclaim himself king
282
Who was defeated at the Battle of the Boyne?
James II
## Footnote
by William of Orange, in Ireland 1690
283
What did the Factories Act of 1847 introduce?
limited the no. of hours that women and children could work to 10hrs per day
