ch.3 basic heredity

Question 1

what is a genotype?

Answer 1

the combination of alleles that are in an organism

Question 2

what is an allele?

Answer 2

One of two or more DNA sequences occurring at a particular gene locus

Question 3

definition of homozygous dominant?

Answer 3

an organism that has 2 dominant alleles for a trait (XX)

Question 4

definition of homozygous recessive?

Answer 4

an organism that has 2 recessive alleles for a trait (xx)

Question 5

definition of heterozygous?

Answer 5

an organism with one dominant and one recessive allele (Xx)

Question 6

what is a locus?

Answer 6

The physical site or location of a specific gene on a chromosome

Question 7

what is a phenotype?

Answer 7

an expression of a character/trait based on the organisms genotype

Question 8

What is the multiplication rule of probability and when is it used?

Answer 8

probability of two or more independent events happening together is the product of their independent probabilities
- ex. what is the probability of rolling two 4s in a row

Question 9

what is the addition rule of probability and when is it used?

Answer 9

• the probability of two or more mutually exclusive events happening (r) is the sum of their independent probabilities
  -ex. what is the probability of rolling a 3 or a 4

Question 10

what is the principle of segregation?

Answer 10

two alleles at a locus separate in gamete formation