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Chemistry OL IGCSE > Ch.3: Acids and Bases > Flashcards

Ch.3: Acids and Bases Flashcards

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1
Q

Define Acid

A

Proton/Hydrogen ion Donor

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2
Q

What are some properties of acids?

A
  • Sour taste
  • Turns blue litmus  red
  • pH less than 7. Ranging between (0-6)
  • Corrosive (strong acids only)
  • Ionize (Dissociate) /Soluble in water
  • Can conduct electricity  Free moving ions
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3
Q

What are properties of strong acids?

A
  • pH ranging between 0-3
  • High H+ concentration
  • Completely ionized in water (Dissociation)
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4
Q

What are properties of weak acids?

A
  • pH ranging between 4-6
  • Low H+ concentration
  • Partially ionized in water
    (Dissociation)
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5
Q

Define Base

A

Proton/Hydrogen ion Acceptor

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6
Q

What are some properties of a base:

A
  • Bitter taste, Soapy feel
  • pH more than 7.
    Ranging between (8-14)
  • Turns red litmus blue
  • Corrosive (strong bases only)
  • Insoluble in water except Alkalis
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7
Q

What are the colors of methyl orange indicator?

A

ROY
Red: in ACID
Orange: in NEUTRAL
Yellow: in BASES

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8
Q

What are the colors of the Thymolphthaleine indicator?

A

CCB
Colorless: in ACID
Colorless: in NEUTRAL
Blue: in BASES

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9
Q

What are the colors in Universal Indicator?

A

ROYGBV

RED: Strong Acids
ORANGE/YELLOW: Weak Acids

GREEN: Neutral

BLUE: Weak Bases
VIOLET: Strong Bases

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10
Q

What are examples of neutralization?

A
  1. Acid + Metal Oxide → Salt + Water
  2. Acid + Metal Hydroxide → Salt + Water
  3. Acid + Metal Carbonate → Salt + Water + Carbon Dioxide
  4. Acid + Ammonia → Ammonium Salt
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11
Q

What gas is given off when reacting acids with metals?

A

Hydrogen

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12
Q

Which metals DO NOT react with acids?

A

Cu,Ag, Au, & Pt

(Metals under hydrogen in reactivity series can not displace the H+ in acids)

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13
Q

What gas is given off when reacting a base with ammonium salt?

A

Ammonia Gas - NH3

  • Pungent smelling gas
  • Weak base
  • Turns red litmus blue
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14
Q

What are the 4 types of oxides?

A

Basic Oxide
Acidic Oxide
Neutral Oxide
Amphoteric Oxide

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15
Q

What are examples of amphoteric Oxide?

A

Al2O3,ZnO,ZrO2

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16
Q

What are the types of elements in basic & acidic oxides?

A

Basic: Metal Oxide
Acidic Oxide: Non-Metal Oxide
(except monoxide)

17
Q

How could you show that Al2O3 is amphoteric while CuO is basic?

A

Bring 2 beakers, one that has HCl & the other NaOH.
* Add Al2O3 to both beakers and it will dissolve in both.
* While CuO will only dissolve in HCl

18
Q

H2O + NH3 ⇄ NH4+ + OH ̅

Explain why water act as an acid in the above equation?

A

Because water here act as proton donor

19
Q

H2O + HCl → Cl ̅ + H3O+
Explain why water act as a Base in the above equation?

A

Because water here act as proton acceptor

Chemistry OL IGCSE (3 decks)

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