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Psych ch.3 > Ch.3 > Flashcards

Ch.3 Flashcards

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1
Q

Absolute Refractory Period

A

short time following an action potential where an ion channel is unable to respond again

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2
Q

Action Potential

A

The action signal that passes along the Axon and causes a release of chemicals from the terminals

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3
Q

All or none principle

A

If a neuron is going to fire, it’s going to fire

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4
Q

central nervous system (CNS)

A

Brain and spinal Cord

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5
Q

Perephial Nervous System

A

All other nerves in the body

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6
Q

amygdala

A

Brain structure that plays a vital role in learning to associate things with emotional responses and processing emotional information.

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7
Q

Automic Nervous system

A

part of perephial nervous system that goes between the central nervous system and organs

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8
Q

Axon

A

Connects cell body to the terminal buttons

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9
Q

basil ganglia

A

system important for planning and production of movement

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10
Q

Brain stem

A

survival: heart rate, swallowing, breathing and urination

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11
Q

brocas area

A

small front left area associated with language

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12
Q

Cell Body

A

in the middle of the dendrite that houses all of the nerons info

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13
Q

Central nervous system

A

Brain and spinal cord

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14
Q

Cerebellum

A

back of brain stem, coordinates movement and balance

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15
Q

Cerebral cortext

A

Outermost layer of the brain, houses thoughts perceptions and complex behaviors.

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16
Q

Chromosomes

A

made up of dna with genes

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17
Q

corpus collasum

A

connects hemisperes of the brain and allows them to interact with each other

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18
Q

dendrites

A

branch things that connect and receive info from other neurons

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19
Q

Dizygotic twins

A

twins with not identical dna, fraternal

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20
Q

Dominate gene

A

King gene

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21
Q

EEG

A

Measures electrical activity in the brain

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22
Q

endocrine system

A

communication that uses hormones to affect behaviors and actions

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23
Q

Frontal lobe

A

Front, for movement and higher level psych processes

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24
Q

fMRI

A

Measures change in human brain based off of blood oxygen levels

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25
Q

Gene Expression

A

When a gene is turned on or off

26
Q

genes

A

determain charecteristics

27
Q

Genotype

A

Genetic makeup of an organism

28
Q

Hereditary

A

Genes from parents to offspring

29
Q

Heritability

A

Odds of passing what genes to offspring

30
Q

Hippocampus

A

formation of memories

31
Q

Hormones

A

Released from endocrine glands

32
Q

Hypothalamus

A

regulation of body functions, helps maintain homeostasis. Management

33
Q

Insula

A

part of cerebral cortex. taste pain empathy and perception of bodily states

34
Q

MRI

A

Brain imaging that takes high quality pictures of the brain

35
Q

Monozygotic twins

A

Identical twins

36
Q

Myelin sheith

A

Protects and insulates axons to transmit electrical impulses

37
Q

Neurons

A

basic units of the neuron system

38
Q

Neurotransmitters

A

transmits signals from on neuron to the other

39
Q

Nodes of ranvier

A

exposed axon where there is no myelin sheath where action potential takes place.

40
Q

occipital lobes

A

Regions of cerebral cortex, back of brain for vision

41
Q

Parasympathetic division

A

part of autonomic used to calm body down and bring back to homeostasis

42
Q

Parietal lobes

A

important for sense of touch and attention to the enviornment

43
Q

Peripheral nervous system

A

includes somatic and autonomic nervous systems

44
Q

Phenotype

A

Observable charecteristics

45
Q

Pituitary gland

A

at base of hypothalamus, controls release of hormones

46
Q

Plasticity

A

Allows brain to change as a result of injury of experience

47
Q

PET

A

Brain imaging by sending a radioactive substance injected into the bloodstream

48
Q

Prefrontal Cortex

A

Frontmost of the brain responsible for decision making, appropriate social behavior and personality

49
Q

Receptors

A

specialized protein molecule on the post somatic membrane. Neurotransmitters bind to them after passing across the synapse

50
Q

Recessive gene

A

Only shown when with the same gene

51
Q

Relative refractory period

A

Brief time after a neuron fires where the neurons firing potential is more negative, making it harder to fire again

52
Q

Resting membrane potential

A

electric charge of an ion when it is not active

53
Q

Reuptake

A

process in where a neurotransmitter is taken back and thereby stopping it’s activity

54
Q

somatic nervous system

A

part of the perephial nervous system. transmits sensory and motor signals ; skin muscles and joints

55
Q

Split brain

A

When corpus colosseum is cut making the left and right hemispheres unable to communicate with each other

56
Q

Sympathetic division

A

atomic nervous system, prepares body for an action

57
Q

Synapse

A

Space between firing or not firing neurons before the info hits the dendrites

57
Q

Synapse

A

Space between firing or not firing neurons before the info hits the dendrites

58
Q

temporal lobes

A

Important for processing auditory info, memory, and object and face perception

59
Q

Terminal Buttons

A

End of axon that sends info into the synapse to the next neruon

60
Q

Thalamus

A

Gateway to the brain, everything stops here before the information even reaches the cortex

61
Q

TMS

A

Use of strong magnets to briefly interrupt normal brain movements to study brain activity

Psych ch.3 (1 decks)

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