CH29 Polymers Flashcards
What is condensation
Small molecules eliminated (usually water) to form a larger molecule
How many monomers are condensation polymers usually formed from
2
Properties of these monomers
2 functional groups
Examples of condensation polymers
Polyesters
Polyamides
Polypeptides
What is the linkage in a polyester
Ester linkage
What molecules is eliminated in the formation of a polyester
H2O
2 monomers which form a polyester
Diol and dicarboxylic acid
What is the linkage in a polyamide
Peptide linkage
Which molecule is eliminated when forming a polyamide
H2O
2 monomers used to form a polyamide
Diamine
Dicarboxylic acid
Examples of polyamides
Nylon
Kevlar
What monomers used to make Nylon in lab - why
hexane-1,6-diacyl chloride - rate of reaction much faster, HCl eliminated
What is kevlar used for
Body armour
Helmets
Oven gloves
Why is kevlar so strong
Rigid chains and close packing of flat aromatic rings
What are polypeptides - what is the linkage
Polyamides made from 1 amino acid monomer - peptide linkage
Why are poly(alkenes) not biodegradeable
Non-polar C-H and C-C bonds
Why is it bad to burn poly(alkenes)
Releases CO2, CO and C
Where do most poly(alkenes) end up
Landfill sites
Why can condensation polymers be broken down
They have polar bonds
How are condensation polymers broken down
Hydrolysis
Why does hydrolysis not happen in normal conditions
Very slow rate
4 stages needed when recycling polymers
Collected
Sorted
Melted
Reformed
Advantages of recycling polymers
Saves expense of crude oil and preserves it
Reduces landfill usage
Disadvantages of recylcing polymers
Energy needed to collect sort and melt
Can only be done a limited amount of times
Difference between addition and condensation polymerisation
Condensation makes the polymer and eliminated a small molecule
Addition breaks C=C to only form the polymer
Explain hydrogen bonding between polyamides
Both C=O and N-H are polar
Hydrogen bonding between H+ and O- in different molecules
Uses the lone pair of electrons on the O atom
