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CompTIA Security Notes > CH28 Planning for the Worst > Flashcards

CH28 Planning for the Worst Flashcards

1
Q

What is Surge?

A

unexpected increase in the amount of voltage provided. A little bit of increase in power (going from 120 volts to 124 or 135)

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2
Q

What is Spike?

A

a short transient in voltage that can be due to a short circuit, tripped circuit breaker, power outage, or lightning strike. (jump from 120 volts to 140 or more)

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3
Q

What is Sags ?

A

unexpected decrease in the amount of voltage provided. Lasts short period of time and wouldn’t impact computer to go out of power

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4
Q

What is Brownouts ?

A

Occurs when the voltage drops low enough that it typically causes the lights to dim and can cause a computer to shut off. (dropping from 120 volts to 90 or 80)

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5
Q

What is Blackouts ?

A

When there is a total loss of power for a prolonged period. When they come back from blackout conditions, you get a spike in power that occurs which can damage your computer

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6
Q

What is Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS) ?

A

Combines the functionality of a surge protector with that of a battery backup

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7
Q

What is Portable gas-engine generators ?

A

Of three types of backup generators, it is the least expensive to run. Uses gasoline or solar power. Needs to be started manually.

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8
Q

What is Permanently installed generators ?

A

Compared to 2 other types of backup generators, it is much bigger, much more expensive, much more complex to install. They’re always there. Runs on natural gas, propane, or diesel fuel.

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9
Q

What is Battery-inverter generator?

A

Backup generator that is based on lead acid batteries. Very quiet and they require very little user interaction. Good for environments that require a low amount of wattage or are the victims of short power outrages only

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10
Q

What is RAID?

A

Redundant Array of Independent Disks (RAID) – allows the combination of multiple physical hard disks into a single logical hard disk drive that is recognized by the operating system.

For the exam: You need to know about RAID types : RAID 0, RAID 1, RAID 5, RAID 6, and RAID 10.

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11
Q

What is RAID 0 ?

A

provides data striping across multiple disks to increase performance.

Use RAID 0 when you need performance but you don’t care about fault tolerance.

You need at least 2 disks to work in tandem with each other.

A1 A2
A3 A4
A5 A6
A7 A8

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12
Q

What is RAID 1 ?

A

provides redundancy by mirroring the data identically on two hard disks. Requires 2 disk

A1 A1
A2 A2
A3 A3
A4 A4

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13
Q

What is RAID 5 ?

A

Provides redundancy by striping data and parity data across the disk drives

A1 A2 A3 Ap
B1 B2 Bp B3
C1 Cp C2 C3
Dp D1 D2 D3

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14
Q

What is RAID 6 ?

A

Provides redundancy by striping and double parity data across the disk drives. Need at least 4 physical disks

A1 A2 A3 Ap A1
B1 B2 Bp B1 B3
C1 Cp Cq C2 C3
Dp Dq D1 D2 D3
Eq E1 E2 E3 Ep

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15
Q

What is RAID 10 ?

A

Creates a striped RAID of 2 mirrored RAIDS (combines RAID 1 & RAID 0). Need at least 4 disks. It’s going to provide you with a redundant mirror of striped drives and it is fault-tolerant. Two independent zones, with full access to the data at all times

A1 A1 A2 A2
A3 A3 A4 A4
A5 A5 A6 A6
A7 A7 A8 A8

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16
Q

What are the 3 categories of RAIDs?

A
  1. Fault-resistant – protects against the loss of the array’s data if a single disk fails (RAID 1 or RAID 5)
  2. Fault-tolerant – protects against the loss of the array’s data if a single component fails (RAID 1, RAID 5, RAID 6)
  3. Disaster-tolerant – Provides two independent zones with full access to the data (RAID 10)
17
Q

What is RAID 01?

A

a striped array made up of two mirrored RAID 1. It is also disaster tolerant

18
Q

What is Network Redundancy ?

A

to make network connections available, servers often have two or more network interface parts, and they can operate as a pair or in a load balancing configuration

19
Q

What is Cluster ?

A

two or more servers working together to perform a particular job function

20
Q

What is Failover Cluster?

A

a secondary server can take over the function when the primary one fails

21
Q

What is Load-balancing Cluster?

A

Servers are clustered in order to share resources such as CPU, RAM, and hard disks

22
Q

What are the 3 categories of redundant sites ?

A
  1. Hot Site – a near duplicate of the original site of the organization that can be up and running within minutes
  2. Warm Site – a site that has computers, phones, and servers, but they might require some configuration before users can start working
  3. Cold Site – has tables, chairs, bathrooms, and possibly some technical items like phones and network cabling
23
Q

What is a Full backups ?

A

all the contents of a drive are backed up

24
Q

What is an Incremental Backups?

A

only conducts a backup of the contents of a drive that have been changed since the last full or incremental backup

Full back up on Sunday
Incremental backup Monday
Incremental backup Tuesday
Wednesday failure.
To restore, I will need to restore Full back up on Sunday and restore Monday backup, and then Tuesday backup

Incremental backup takes less time to create but longer to restore.

25
Q

What is a Differential Backups ?

A

only conducts a backup of the contents of a drive that has changed since the last full backup.
Full back up on Sunday
Differential backup Monday
Differential backup Tuesday
Wednesday failure.
To restore, I will need to restore Full back up on Sunday and restore Tuesday backup only

Differential backup takes more time to create but quicker to restore

26
Q

What are 3 types of tape rotation schemes?

A
  1. 10 tap rotation – each tape is used once per day for two weeks and then the entire set is reused.
  2. Grandfather-father-son rotation – three sets of backup tapes are defined as the son (daily), the father (weekly), and the grandfather (monthly)
  3. Towers of Hanoi rotation – three sets of backup tapes that are rotated in a more complex system.
27
Q

What is Snapshot Backup?

A

Type of backup primarily used to capture the entire operating system image including all applications and data.

It is also commonly used with virtualized systems

28
Q

What is Disaster Recovery Plan?

A

the development of an organized and in-depth plan for problems that could affect the access of data or the organization’s building

Disaster Recover Plan (DRP) should be written down : Contact information, impact determination, recovery plan, business continuity plan (BCP), Copies of agreements, disaster recovery exercises, list of critical systems and data

29
Q

What is Business Impact Analysis (BIA)?

A

a systematic activity that identifies organizational risks and determines the effect on ongoing, mission critical operations. It is governed by metrics that express system availability. (90% up time? 100% up time?)

30
Q

What is MTD?

A

MTD = Maximum Tolerable Downtime

the longest period of time a business can be inoperable without causing irrevocable business failure

Each business process can have its own MTD, such as a range of minutes to hours for critical functions, 24 hours for urgent functions, or up to 7 days for normal functions.

31
Q

What is RTO?

A

RTO = Recovery Time Objectives

The length of time it takes after an event to resume normal business operations and activities

32
Q

What is WRT?

A

WRT = Work Recovery Time

the length of time in addition to the RTO of individual systems to perform reintegration and testing of a restored or upgraded system following an event.

33
Q

What is RPO?

A

RPO = Recovery Point Objective (RPO)

longest period of time that an organization can tolerate lost data being unrecoverable. It is focused on how long you can be without your data

34
Q

What is MTTR?

A

MTTR = Mean Time to Repair

measure the average time it takes to repair a network device when it breaks.

35
Q

What is MTBF

A

MTBF = Mean Time Between Failures

Measures the average time between failures of a device

CompTIA Security Notes (32 decks)

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