Ch.24

Question 1

Gagging(retching)

Answer 1

Strong involuntary effort to vomit

Question 2

Gag Reflex (pharyngeal reflex)

Answer 2

Retching that is elicited by stimulation of the sensitive tissues of the soft palate region

Question 3

Psychogenic stimuli

Answer 3

Stimuli originating in the mind

Question 4

Tactile stimuli

Answer 4

Stimuli originating from touch

Question 5

Disability

Answer 5

Physical or mental impairment that substantially limits one or more of an individuals major life activities

Question 6

Physical disability

Answer 6

Problems with vision, hearing, or mobility

Question 7

Developmental disability

Answer 7

A substantial impairment of mental or physical functioning that occurs before the age of 22 and is of indefinite duration

Question 8

What is a pediatric patient?

Answer 8

Child patient

Question 9

Pediatric dentistry

Answer 9

Involved the diagnosis and treatment of dental diseases in children

Question 10

Endodontics

Answer 10

Branch of dentistry concerned with the diagnosis and treatment of diseases of the dental pulp within the tooth

Question 11

An endodontic patient

Answer 11

Is one who has undergone root canal therapy

Question 12

Edentulous

Answer 12

Without teeth

Question 13

Reasons that an edentulous patient requires a dental imaging examination:

Answer 13

• Detect presence of root rips, impacted teeth, and lesions(cyst,tumors)
• Identify objects embedded in bone
• establish the position of normal anatomic landmarks(mental foramen) relative to the crest of the alveolar ridge

Question 14

What are the areas that are most likely to elicit the gag reflex when stimulated?

Answer 14

The soft palate and the posterior lateral third of the tongue

Question 15

Before the gag reflex is initiated, the following two reactions occur:

Answer 15

• cessation of respiration

- contraction of the muscles in the throat and abdomen

Question 16

The two precipitating factors for initiation of the gag reflex are:

Answer 16

Psychogenic stimuli and tactile stimuli

Question 17

How to control the gag reflex with your attitude

Answer 17

• convey confident attitude, patience, tolerance, and understanding
• explain imaging procedures about to be performed
• compliment the patient as each exposure is completed

Question 18

How to control gag reflex by patient and equipment preparation:

Answer 18

Complete equipment preparation before receptor placement

Question 19

How to control gag reflex by exposure sequence:

Answer 19

ALWAYS begin with anterior exposures because they are easier for the pt. to tolerate and are less likely to elicit gag reflex
-the Maxillary molar receptor is the most likely to elicit gag reflex

Question 20

How to control gag reflex from by using receptor placement and technique:

Answer 20

Each receptor must be placed and exposed as quickly as possible
-Avoid the palate and demonstrate receptor placement

Question 21

Common physical disabilities:

Answer 21

• Vision Impairment
• Hearing Impairment
• Mobility Impairment

Question 22

What to do if a patient is blind or visually impaired:

Answer 22

-communicate using clear verbal explanations
-keep pt. Informed on what is being done
-explain each step of the procedure before performing it
-inform pt. When leaving the area
NEVER gesture to another person as someone who is blind is sensitive to this type of communication and may perceive it as you talking behind his or her back

Question 23

Things you can do if a pt. Has a hearing impairment:

Answer 23

-ask pt. how they prefer to communicate
-ask caregiver to act as an interpreter
-use gestures or sign language
-use assistive technology
-use written instructions
Do not wear face mask, face the patient and speak clearly and slowly so they can read your lips

Question 24

What to do if a patient is in a wheelchair:

Answer 24

-ask pt. How he/she prefers to be transferred to the dental chair
-can offer to help or ask caregiver to assist
If a transfer isn’t possible, you may attempt to perform necessary imaging procedures with the pt. Seated in the wheelchair

Question 25

What to do if a pt. Does not have use of the upper limbs and a beam alignment device cannot he used to stabilize receptor placement:

Answer 25

-ask caregiver to assist with the holding of the receptor
In this case, the caregiver must wear lead apron w/thyroid collar and lead glove. Give instructions to caregiver on what to do

Question 26

Developmental disabilities:

Answer 26

• Autism
• cerebral palsy
• epilepsy
• other neoropathies