ch23 Flashcards
Identify a reason why the U.S Food and drug administration prohibited the use of methyl methacrylate(mma) on nails?
Because of the large number of consumer complaints of onycholysis (nail detaching from nail bed) resulting from the use of mma nail enhancements in the late 1970
Identify the chemical process that causes monomers to join to create very long chains
Polymerization is the chemical process that causes monomers to join to create very long chains
LIquid and powder nail enhancements are created by _______________.
combining monomer liquids with polymer powders to form the nail enhancements
A fill is __________________
a two- to three week maintenance service to fill in new growth areas with new product, rebalance the nail’s shape, perform needed repairs, and restore the enhancement original beauty
Liquid and powder nail ehancements
are created by combining a monomer with a polymer powder
amount of monomer liquid and polymer powder used to create a bead
mix ratio
Used on the natural nail before product application to prepare it for liquid and powder nail enhancements and to assist in adhesion
Nail Primer
A general term to describe nail files and buffers
abrasive
when artificial products pull away from the nail
Lifting
A number that classifies how coarse or fine a file or buffer is
grit
Store monomer liquid products seperate from polymer powder products
Never save used monomer liquid removed from the original container
Polymer powders should be stored _______________________
in a cool, dark place
How do you dispose of monomer liquid?
Carefully pour onto a very absorbent paper towel and place itin a plastic bag
Art that protrudes from the nail
3-D , three dimensional
What statement is true of nail art?
Nail art with monomer liquid and polymer powder offers a versatile palette
Which of the following statements is correct reharding nail art?
Liquid and powder nail art can be used over polih or any other hardened nail enhancement surface
Which describes a technique that sandwiches nail art between two product layers?
Inladi designs are those inside a nail inhancement, created by sandwhiching nail art between two product layers
Which of these techniques is used in the creation of 3-d nail art?
adding a topcoat to the polished nail with create a matte look when creating 3-d nail art
Two - three week maintenance service to rebalance the nails shape, perform needed repars, and restore the enhacements original beauty
Fill
The___________ should not be too heavy, should be comfortable in your hands, and have virtually no vibration
handpiece
_________ generate the most dust
sanders or sleeves
Made from either natural or synthetic diamong particles attached to the surface of metal bits
Diamond bits
Is the power in the filing machine or its ability to keep turning when applying pressure during filing
torque
Using an electic file will help to alleviate the strain on the technicians hand and wrist and can reduce ____________________
Cumulative Trauma Disorders
If your hand piece creates excessive vibration, you should have it serviced ________.
immediately
A ____________ is a teist and lock mechansim when changing the drill bits
chuck
A handheld _____________ has the power source and handpiece combined into a single unit
micromotor
With the typical micromotor machine the motor is actually located where?
inside the hand piece
The actual retail outlet or vendor is not as important as all the other factors
Repetitive motions can cause what?
cause pain, swelling, or injiry to the wrist , elbow, shoulderm arms or back.
Sanding bands generally are used for shortening and shaping the top surface of the nails, removing a gel sealant and filing calluses on the feet. They should not be used what?
They should not be used at the cuticle area, as they can eaily cause rings of fire damage to the nails.
Electric files purchased outside the nail industry are craft tools and can vibrate, as they are designed for what?
gladd , wood, and ceramics
pedicure bits can be used where?
anywhere on the foot where there is callus , including the skin on the sides of the toenils and under the toes.
What speed should pedicure bits be used?
pedicure bits should be used on a slow or medium speed.
A nail technician who is adept with an electric file is likely to be able to achieve all except what?
uneven surface buffing- the electric file will allow for consistently even surfaces and shaping
What can a wobbling or bent bit do?
Can harm that electric file, damage the clients nails, and may cause a nail tech to develop a (CTD) cumulative trauma disorder
Less powerful electric files have less powerful motors and plastic handpieces, so you will work at _________.
higher speeds and use more pressure to shape the nails.
Carbide bits are measured by ?
the number of flutes in each bit
Grit is measured by?
by the particles of abrasive per square inch.
What is an RPM?
Revolution per minute is the speed of an electric file
Pedicure bits usually come with longer shanks and some have hollow centers to ensure that they do not heat up too quickly.
What is microshattering?
When nail enhancements age with wear and become brittle with tiny cracks,
When should an electric file on foot calluses be used?
An electric filing on foot calluses needs to be done when the foot is dry
How should you hold your handpiece?
It is recommended that you hold your handpiece like a pencil for comfort and control.
What causes microshattering?
Using bits that are too coarse.
How long should a cleaned bit be immersed in an appropriate disinfection containers?
usually 10 minutes
How should you balance your hands?
You should balance your hands using the pinky finger as the fulcrum finger.
What are rings of fire?
Rings of fire are grooces carved into the nail by filing with bits at the incorrect angle.
Where can a cone- shaped bit be used?
cone shaped bit can be used at the cuticle, underneath the nail, on top of the nail and to prep the cuticle area for a fill.
How do you reduce the amount of heat created when using an electric file?
to reduce the heat created when using an electric file, it is recommended that you adjust the speed of the machine slightly higher.
The term used to refer to service on ehnacements at two weeks or more following the initial application of the enhancement product.
maintenance (fill)
What can vibration in a handpiece cause?
Vibration in a hanpiece could vause discomfort in the wrist and or hand. you will also want a handpiece with virtually no vibration
When should reverse be needed?
the only time reverse is needed is if the nail technician is left handed.
when using an electric file for surface work where is it recommended to start?
it is recommended you start on the right side of the nail and work across to the left side.
What are common causes of microshattering?
common causes of microshattering include wear with age or improper, overly aggresive filing.
What do buffing oils do?
Buffing oils can enhance your finished work by reducing the heat and holding dust on the surface of the bit.
What is a solution to rings of fire?
reducing the amount of pressire applied during filing is a recommended solution to rings of fire.
Why is dust extractor needed?
you should have a dust extractor running while you use an electric file to avoid excess dust particles.
to prepare nail ehancements for a maintence service you should __________?
you shoulod use a medium grit bit to smooth old product in the growth area of the nail.
identify a true statmement of polymer gels?
Polymer gels are thich - viscosity building gels that allow users more control during application because they dont soften until the technician pushes them back or brushes them into place
Bulbs of a curing lamp must emit _______________ light at the proper intensity to cure light - cured gels.
Violet light
On the visible light spectrum scale , the ____________.
The violet light needed to cure light cured gels is produced at around the 400 nm mark.
which of the followings show an accurate comparision between ultraviolet florescent bulbs and led bulbs useing a curing lamp
some clients feel more comfortable wit gel services using led bulbs thatn the uv bulbs because of reduced light exposure.
a way to control the heat spike when using a light cured gel on the nails to _________
remove the hand from the light for 5 to 10 seconds if the clients feels the increase in heat
what is a difference between led and uv lights?
LED lights produce 365-405 nm of light; UV bulbs range 320-400 nm
How long does a typical LED bulb last?
5 years or 50,000 hours
which types of bulbs are used in curing lamps?
UV flourescent bulds, LED bulbs
which curing lamp would have a power of 24 watts?
a lamp with six bulbs, each of which is 4 watts, a lamp wit four bulbs, each of which is 6 watts, a lamp with three bulbs each is 8 watts
Which of the following are true of a curing lamp?
curinglamps are used to cure gel nail enhancements, curing lamps have bulbs that emit violet light at a particular intensity
Which are also known as soak off gels?
soft gels are known as soak off gels
Which gels can be removed with acetone?
soft gels, soak off gels
what are also known as traditional gels?
hard gels
which of the following statements is true of hard and or soft gels?
hard gels are strong enough to build nail extensions, both hard and soft gels use a variety of viscosities
what are the two basic gel systems used in the nail industry?
hard gels and soft gels
Thich viscosity gels used to build arches and extensions
building gels
increase adhesion to the natural nail plate
bonding gels
Do not soften until the technician pushes or brushes them into place
polymer gels
sometimes solg as gel paint
pigmented gels
a residue left after the gel cures, it can be removed with alchohol
inhibition layer
During the service, the brush and all gels must be kept away from sunlight
hard gels must be filed off with an electric or hand file