Ch.22 Reformation Flashcards
Davis and his fellow conspirators were finally released partly because of?
The odds were that no Virginia jury would convict them
In 1868, as sort of a Christmas present, President Johnson did what?
Pardon all rebel leaders
Not until when did the seceded states produce as large a cotton crop as that of the fateful year 1860? Where did much of it come from?
1870, and much of it came from new acreage in the Southwest
How did blacks celebrate their freedom?
- Took new names
- Demanded that whites formally address them as Mr or Mrs
- Abandoned cotton and sought silk and other finery
- Searched for long lost family members
What were “slave marriages”?
Formalized for personal and pragmatic reasons, including the desire to make their children legal heirs
Describe the mass exodus from 1878 to 1880 and “Exodusters”.
25 thousand blacks for Louisiana, Texas, and Mississippi surged in a mass exodus to KANSAS. This westward flood was stemmed only when steamboat captains refused to transport more black migrants across the Mississippi River.
Describe the affect emancipation had on black churches (Baptist Church and the African Methodist Episcopal Church)
The 150,000 member black Baptist Church of 1850 reached 500,000 by 1870.
The African Methodist Episcopal Church quadrupled in size from 100,000 to 400,000
What was described by a North Carolinian to be the first proof of black independence?
A schoolhouse
What association aided in black education by sending white women teachers to help teach them?
The American Missionary Association
Congress created what on March 3, 1865 to cope with the issue of unskilled and poor black people trying to survive as free men?
The Freedmen’s Bureau, an intended welfare agency
Who headed the Freedmen’s Bureau?
Oliver O. Howard (who later served as president of the Howard University in WA DC)
Who repeatedly tried to kill the Freedmen’s Bureau and what year did it expire?
President Andrew Johnson tried killing it and it expired in 1872
The Tailor President, “Old Andy”, a Southerner that did not understand the North, a Tennessean who had earned the distrust if the South, a Democrat who had never been accepted by Republicans, and a president not home in a Republican White House describes who?
President Andrew Johnson, who was Vice President for Lincoln and took over as president when Lincoln was assassinated
What was Lincoln’s reconstruction plan?
The 10% plan (1863)
Republicans rammed what through Congress in 1864 against Lincoln’s plan?
The Wade-Davis Bill
What state passed the first black code law in November 1865?
Mississippi
Which state was the harshest and which state was the most lenient when it came to the black codes?
Mississippi was the harshest.
Georgia was the most lenient.
What did all the black codes forbid?
They forbade a black to serve on a jury; some barred blacks from renting or leasing land. A black could be punished for “idleness” by being sentenced to work on a chain gang. Nowhere we’re blacks allowed to vote
Lacking capital and with little to offer but their labor, what business did former slaves (and landless whites) slip into?
Slipped into the status of SHARECROPPER FARMERS
While the South had been “out” of Congress from 1861-1865, what acts did Republicans pass that favored the North?
The Morrill Tariff, the Pacific Railroad Act, and the Homestead Act
Blacks had counted as three-fifths before the war, how were the accounted for afterwards?
The slave was now five-fifths of a person
