Ch.20 Chronic Pulmonary Disease Flashcards
A clinic nurse is caring for a patient who has just been diagnosed with COPD. The patient asks the nurse what he could have done to minimize the risk of contracting this disease. What would be the nurse’s best answer?
A. The most important risk factor for COPD is exposure to occupational toxins.
B. The most important risk factor for COPD is inadequate exercise.
C. The most important risk factor for COPD is exposure to dust and pollen.
D. The most important risk factor for COPD is cigarette smoking
D. The most important risk factor for COPD is cigarette smoking
A nurse is creating a health promotion intervention focused on COPD. What should the nurse identify as a complication of COPD?
A. Lung cancer
B. Cystic fibrosis
C. Respiratory failure
D. Hemothorax
C. Respiratory failure
A nurse is caring for a young adult patient whose medical history includes an alpha1-anti trypsin deficiency. This deficiency predisposes the patient to what health problem?
A. Pulmonary edema
B. Lobular emphysema
C. Cystic fibrosis
D. Empyema
B. Lobular emphysema
The nurse is assessing a patient whose respiratory disease in characterized by chronic hyperinflation of the lungs. What would the nurse most likely assess in this patient?
A. Signs of oxygen toxicity
B. Chronic chest pain
C. A barrel chest
D. Long, thin fingers
C. A barrel chest
A patient with emphysema is experiencing SOB. To relieve this patient’s symptoms, the nurse should assist her into what position?
A. Sitting upright, leaning forward slightly
B. Low fowler’s, with the neck slightly hyperextended
C. Prone
D. Trendelenburg
A. Sitting upright, leaning forward slightly
A nurse is evaluating the diagnostic study data of a patient with suspected cystic fibrosis. Which of the following test results is associated with a diagnosis of cystic fibrosis?
A. Elevated sweat chloride concentration
B. Presence of protein in the urine
C. Positive phenylketonuria
D. Malignancy on lung biopsy
A. Elevated sweat chloride concentration
A school nurse is caring for a 10 year old girl who is having an asthma attack. What is the preferred intervention to alleviate this client’s airflow obstruction?
A. Administer corticosteroids by metered dose inhaler
B. Administer inhaled anticholinergics
C. Administer an inhaled beta-adrenergic agonist
D. Utilize a peak flow monitoring device
C. Administer an inhaled beta-adrenergic agonist
A student nurse is developing a teaching plan for an adult patient with asthma. Which teaching point should have the highest priority in the POC that the student is developing?
A. Gradually increase levels of physical exertion
B. Change filters on heaters and AC frequently
C. Take prescribed medications as schedule
D. Avoid goose-down pillows
C. Take prescribed medications as schedule
A student nurse is preparing to care for a patient with bronchiectasis. The student nurse should recognize that this patient is likely to experience respiratory difficulties related to what pathophysiologic process?
A. Intermittent episodes of acute bronchospasm
B. Alveolar distention and impaired diffusion
C. Dilation of bronchi and bronchioles
D. Excessive gas exchange in the bronchioles
C. Dilation of bronchi and bronchioles
A nurse is caring for a 6 year old patient with cystic fibrosis. In order to enhance the child’s nutritional status, what intervention should most likely be included in the POC?
A. Pancreatic enzyme supplementation with meals
B. Provision of five to six small meals per day rather than three larger meals
C. Total parenteral nutrition (TPN)
D. Magnesium, thiamine, and iron supplementation
A. Pancreatic enzyme supplementation with meals
A patient arrives in the ED with an attack of acute bronchiectasis. Chest auscultation reveals the presence of copious secretions. What intervention should the nurse prioritize in this patient’s care?
A. Oral administration of diuretics
B. Intravenous fluids to reduce the viscosity of secretions
C. Postural chest drainage
D. Pulmonary function testing
C. Postural chest drainage
A nurse is completing a focused respiratory assessment of a child with asthma. What assessment finding is most closely associated with the characteristic signs and symptoms of asthma?
A. Shallow respirations
B. Increased anterior-posterior (A-P) diameter
C. Bilateral wheezes
D. Bradypnea
C. Bilateral wheezes
A nurse is developing the teaching portion of a care plan for a patient with COPD. What would be the most important component for the nurse to emphasize?
A. Smoking up to one-half of a pack of cigarettes weekly is allowable
B. Chronic inhalation of indoor toxins can cause lung damage
C. Minor respiratory infections are considered to be self-limited and are not treated
D. Activities of daily living should be clustered in the early morning hours
B. Chronic inhalation of indoor toxins can cause lung damage
A nurse planning the care of a patient with emphysema who will soon be discharged. What teaching should the nurse prioritize in the POC?
A. Taking prophylactic antibiotics as ordered
B. Adhering to the treatment regiment in order to cure the disease
C. Avoiding airplanes, buses, and other crowded public places
D. Setting realistic short-term and long-range goals
D. Setting realistic short-term and long-range goals
A nurse is documenting the results of assessment of a patient with bronchiectasis. What would the nurse most likely include in documentation?
A. Sudden onset of pleuritic chest pain
B. Wheezes on auscultation
C. Increased anterior-posterior (A-P) diameter
D. Clubbing of the fingers
D. Clubbing of the fingers
A patient is having pulmonary-function studies performed. The patient performs a spirometry test, revealing an FEV1/FVC ratio of 60%. How should the nurse interpret this assessment finding?
A. Strong exercise tolerance
B. Exhalation volume is normal
C. Respiratory infection
D. Obstructive lung disease
D. Obstructive lung disease
