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Med Term Ch1-6 > Ch2 The Body As A Whole > Flashcards

Ch2 The Body As A Whole Flashcards

1
Q

disk(disc)

A

pad of cartilage bw vertebrae

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2
Q

spinal cord

A

nervous tissue within the spinal cavity

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3
Q

spinal column

A

bone tissue surrounding the spinal cavity

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4
Q

vertebrae

A

Backbones

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5
Q

vertebra

A

single backbone

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6
Q

coccygeal

A

region of the coccyx (tailbone)

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7
Q

sacral

A

region of the sacrum (s1to s5)

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8
Q

lumbar

A

loin (waist) region (L1 to L5)

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9
Q

thoracic

A

chest region (T1 to T 12)

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10
Q

cervical

A

neck region (c1 to c 7)

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11
Q

RUQ
LUQ
RLQ
LLQ

A

Right upper quadrant
Left upper quadrant
Right lower quadrant
Left lower quadrant

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12
Q

hypogastric

A

middle lower region below the umbilical region

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13
Q

inguinal

A

Right & left lower regions near the groin. Also called iliac regions.

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14
Q

umbilical

A

Central region near the navel

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15
Q

lumbar

A

Right & left middle regions near the waist

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16
Q

epigastric

A

middle upper region above the stomach

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17
Q

hypochondriac

A

Right & left upper regions beneath the ribs

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18
Q

ventral (anterior)

A

pertaining to the front

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19
Q

thoracic cavity

A

space in the chest containing the heart, lungs, bronchial tubes, trachea, esophagus, & other organs

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20
Q

spinal cavity

A

Space within the spinal column(back bone) containing the spinal cord. Also called the spinal canal

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21
Q

pleural cavity

A

Space between the pleural layers

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22
Q

pleura

A

double folded membrane surrounding each lung

Pleural= pertaining to the pleura

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23
Q

peritoneum

A

Double folded membrane surrounding the abdominal cavity

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24
Q

pelvic cavity

A

space below the abdomen containing portions of the intestines, rectum, urinary bladder, & reproductive organs.
Pelvic= pertaining to the pelvis, composed of the hip bones surrounding the pelvic cavity

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25
Q

mediastinum

A

centrally located space outside of and between the lungs

26
Q

dorsal(posterior)

A

pertaining to the back

27
Q

diaphragm

A

muscle separating the abdominal & thoracic cavities. The diaphragm moves up & down aids in breathing

28
Q

cranial cavity

A

space in the head containing the brain & surrounded by the skull.
Cranial= pertaining to the skull

29
Q

abdominal cavity

A

space below the chest containing organs such as the liver, stomach, gallbladder and intestines;also called abdomen

30
Q

body cavities

A

are the spaces within the body that contain internal organs( viscera)

31
Q

spinal

A

nerves of the spinal cord

32
Q

pelvic

A

portions of the small & large intestines, bladder, rectum, urethra, uterus, & vagina in female

33
Q

abdominal

A

stomach, small & large intestines, spleen , pancreas, liver, gallbladder

34
Q

thoracic

A

lungs, heart, esophagus, trachea, bronchial tubes, thymus gland, aorta

35
Q

cranial

A

Brain

36
Q

viscera

A

Internal organs

37
Q

uterus

A

the womb. The organs that holds the embryo/ fetus as it develops .

38
Q

urethra

A

tube from the urinary bladder to the outside of the body.

Urethra- has one e, and there is only one urethra

39
Q

ureter

A

one of the two tubes, each leading from a single kidney to the urinary bladder.
Ureter- has two e’s , and there are two ureters

40
Q

trachea

A

“windpipe”( tube leading from the throat to the bronchial tubes)

41
Q

thyroid gland

A

endocrine gland that surrounds the trachea in the neck.

42
Q

pituitary gland

A

endocrine gland at the base of the brain .

43
Q

pharynx

A

throat. The pharynx serves as the common passage way for food (from the mouth going to the esophagus) and air ( from the nose to the trachea)

44
Q

larynx

A

“Voice box”; located at the upper part of the trachea

45
Q

histologist

A

Specialist in the study of tissue

46
Q

epithelial cells

A

skin cells that cover the outside of the body & line the internal surfaces of organs

47
Q

cartilage

A

flexible connective tissue attached to bones at joints. For example, it surrounds the trachea & forms part of the external ear & nose

48
Q

adipose tissue

A

collection of fat cells

49
Q

nucleus

A

control center of the cell. It contains chromosomes & directs the activities of the cell.

50
Q

mitochondria

A

structures in the cytoplasm that provide the principal source of energy (miniature “power plants” ) for the cell. Catabolism is the process that occurs in mitochondria.
Mitos=thread
Chondrion= granule

51
Q

metabolism

A

total of the chemical processes in a cell. It includes catabolism & anabolism.
Meta- change
Bol- to cast
-ism= a process

52
Q

karyotype

A

picture of chromosomes in the nucleus of a cell. The chromosomes are arranged in numerical order to determine their number & structure

53
Q

genes

A

regions of DNA within each chromosome

54
Q

endoplasmic reticulum

A

network of canals within the cytoplasm of the cell. Here, large proteins are made from smaller protein pieces.

55
Q

DNA

A

chemical found within each chromosome. Arranged like a sequence of recipes in code, it directs the activities of the cell.

56
Q

cytoplasm

A

all the material that is outside the nucleus and yet contained within the cell membrane

57
Q

chromosomes

A

rod- shaped structures in the nucleus that contain regions of DNA called genes. There are 46 chromosomes (23) pairs in every cell except for the egg & sperm cells, unpaired chromosomes .

58
Q

cell membrane

A

Structure surrounding & protecting the cell. It determines what enters & leaves the cell.

59
Q

catabolism

A

process whereby complex nutrients are broken down to simpler substances & energy is released.
Cata-down
Bol-to cast
ism- a process

60
Q

anabolism

A

process of building up large proteins from small protein pieces called amino acids.
ana- up
bol- to cast
ism- is a process

61
Q

systems

A

groups of organs working together to perform complex functions

62
Q

organs

A

different types of tissue combine to form an organ

Med Term Ch1-6 (2 decks)

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