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NCLEX-RN Comprehensive Hesi > Ch.2 Leadership & Managment > Flashcards

Ch.2 Leadership & Managment Flashcards

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1
Q

Nurse Practice Acts

A

Laws that control and regulate nursing practice in each state. To protect public from harm.

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2
Q

Which state has there own nurse practice acts?

A

All of them.

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3
Q

What is the main goal of the nurse practice acts?

A

To protect the public.

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4
Q

What do each of the states mandatory practice acts generally agree on?

A

Only licensed professionals can practice nursing.

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5
Q

Where do laws affecting regulation of nursing vary?

A

From state to state.

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6
Q

The nurse practice acts govern the nurses responsibility determining what with the staff?

A

Making assignments.

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7
Q

Each state sets its own what when it comes to nursing?

A

Educational and examination requirements.

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8
Q

How are assignments by the nurse usally tested on the NCLEX?

A

Usually determining what can be delegated to who.

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9
Q

What should you take into consideration when assigning tasks?

A

The skill level should be appropriate to the skill being delatored.

Ex. Lpn could be delegated placing a catheter but not a cna.

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10
Q

Who does the nurse supervise?

A

Care provided by unlicensed assisted personnel. UAP

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11
Q

What kind of procedures must be delegated to or supervised by an RN?

A

Invasive procedures or sterile procedures.

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12
Q

Documenting client care is consider what?

A

A legal task.

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13
Q

Define unintentional torts?

A

An act involving injury or damage to another (except beech of contract) resulting in a civil liberty. ( the victim can sue.)

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14
Q

Negligence

A

Performing an act that a reasonable and prudent person would not.

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15
Q

How do you measure negligence?

A

Would a reasonable nurse act in the same manner under the same circumstances.

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16
Q

Malpractice

A

Negligence by professional personelle that results in injury.

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17
Q

Example of malpractice?

A

Professional misconduct or unreasonable lack of skill in carrying out professional duties.

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18
Q

When could negligence occur?

A

Unreasonable lack of skill and preforming it anyway.

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19
Q

What are the four elements necessary to prove malpractice?

A

Duty
Breach of duty
Injury/Damages
Causation

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20
Q

When can malpractice not be proven?

A

If one of the four elements can’t be proven.

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21
Q

Duty

A

Obligation to do what a reasonable nurse would do; failure to protect others from foreseeable risk.

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22
Q

What do we mean that a nurse has to anticipate foreseeable risk?

A

If a floor is wet the nurse must anticipate a clients fall.

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23
Q

Breech of duty

A

Failure to perform according to the established standard of conduct.

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24
Q

Injury/Damages

A

Failure to meet standard of care which causes actual injury or damage. (Physical injury).

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25
Q

What kind of injury is not enough to prove malpractice?

A

Emotional or mental injury is enough to prove malpractice.

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26
Q

Causation

A

A connect exist between conduct and the resulting injury.

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27
Q

How do hospitals provide a guide for nursing actions?

A

Policies ; not laws, but courts generally rule agianst nurses who have violated the employers policies.

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28
Q

When can hospitals be held liable?

A

Poorly formulated or poorly implementation.

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29
Q

How can nurses avoid negligence and malpractice?

A

By following their organizations policies and procedures.

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30
Q

Incident reports

A

Alert the administration to possibility liability claims and the need for investigation.

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31
Q

What do incidents reports not protect you from?

A

Legal action against negligence or malpractice.

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32
Q

What are some examples of negligence or malpractice?

A

Burning a client with a heating pad.
Performing incompetent assessments .
Ignoring Sighns
Forgetting to give medications , or giving the wrong medication.

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33
Q

Intentional torts

A

______

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34
Q

Assault

A

Mental or physical threat (forcing [without touching] a client to take a medication or treatment.]

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35
Q

Battery

A

Actual or intentional touching of one another, with or without the intent to cause harm.

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36
Q

What is an example of battery?

A

A mentally competent adult is forced to have a treatment he or she has refused.

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37
Q

Invasion of Privacy

A

Encroachment or trespassing on another’s body or personality.

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38
Q

False imprisonment

A

Confinement without authorization.

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39
Q

Exposure of a persons body?

A

After death a person has the right not to be looked at or touched.

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40
Q

Exposure of a persons personality?

A

Exposure or discussion of a persons personal information or communication.

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41
Q

Fraud

A

When someone purposefully misrepresents info that can harm someone else.

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42
Q

Defamation

A

Divulgence of privligaed information or communication.

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43
Q

What are examples of fraud?

A

Presenting false credentials.

Describing a myth regarding treatment. - telling someone that a treatment has no side effects.

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44
Q

Crime

A

You know a crime.

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45
Q

When does a person comit a crime?

A

A deed done contrary to criminal law.

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46
Q

What is criminal about refusing to help delever a baby?

A

When you are legally obligated , and the child gets hurt it is a crime.

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47
Q

When does criminal consouracy occur?

A

When two or more people agree to comit a crime.

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48
Q

When are you equally guilty in a crime?

A

Knowingly giving aid or assisting in it.

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49
Q

When is ignoring a crime illegal?

A

You see another nurse taking drugs or alcohol and not reporting it while on the job.

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50
Q

If you see a nurse stealing narcotics and ignore it what are you doing?

A

Committing a crime.

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51
Q

What do you need before searching a persons property?

A

Search warrants.

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52
Q

If you suspect abuse what must you do?

A

Report it even if your not sure.

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53
Q

When is assault justified ?

A

For self defense.

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54
Q

When using assault for self defense what must it be?

A

Only enough force to maintain self protection.

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55
Q

How guilty are you if you assist in any crime?

A

Equally as guilty

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56
Q

Civil procedures

A

Methods used to help protect the rights of psychatric patients.

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57
Q

Voluntary admission

A

The client admits themselves for treatment and retains civil rights.

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58
Q

Involuntary Admission

A

Someone other then the client applies for admission.

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59
Q

What do you have to have for an Involuntary admission?

A

Certification from a healthcare provider the person is in danger to their self or others. Some states require two doctors.

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60
Q

Individuals with involuntary admission have the right to what?

A

Legal hearing within a certain number of days.

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61
Q

Most states limit involuntary admission to how long?

A

90 days.

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62
Q

How long can involuntary commitment be?

A

Usually less than a year.

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63
Q

Who can admit another for emergency admission?

A

Any adult may apply for emergency admission of another. But to be held longer than 24 hours you need medical or judicial approval.

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64
Q

What can a person being held agianst there will do?

A

File a writ of habes corpus to try to get the court to hear the case and let them go.

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65
Q

Who determines the sanity and alleged unlawful restraint of a person?

A

The court.

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66
Q

What are six civil rights help by a hospitalized patient?

A
  1. Wear own clothes
  2. Right to individual storage space
  3. Right to see visators daily.
  4. Reasonable access to a telephone
  5. Right to send/receive mail.
  6. Right to refuse shock treatment and lobotomy’s.
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67
Q

Competency hearing?

A

No hearing that is held to determine a persons ability to make responsible decisions.

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68
Q

People declared incompetent have a legal status of?

A

A minor

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69
Q

People declared incompetent have the legal status of a minor they cannot do what?

A 
Vote
Make contracts or Wells
Drive a car
Sue or be sued
Hold a professional license
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70
Q

Who can declare a person incompetent?

A

The state or the family.

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71
Q

Insanity

A

Legal term meaning the accused is not criminally responsable for the unlawful act committed be they are mentally ill.

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72
Q

What are three reasons someone cannot stand trial?

A
  • Cannot understand charge

-

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73
Q

How do you identify a patient?

A

With two patient identifiers. Name and date of birth.

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74
Q

What may not be used as an identifier?

A

Patient room number.

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75
Q

Who sets the two patient identifiers?

A

The joint commission.

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76
Q

What must you get to perform surgery?

A

Surgical permit - no matter how minor the surgery.

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77
Q

Legally what must the surgical permit be?

A

Written
Obtained volentary
Explained to the client.

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78
Q

What does informed consent mean?

A

The procedure and treatment or operation has been fully explained to the client.

79
Q

What must be included in informed consent?

A

Possible complications, risks, and disfigurations.

What’s being removed And where parts of body

Benefits and expected results.

80
Q

How must surgery permits be obtained ?

A

Witnessed by an authorized person ; healthcare provider or nurse.

81
Q

How do surgery permits protect the client?

A

Agianst unsanctioned surgery.

82
Q

How do surgery permits protect the healthcare provider?

A

Possible claims of unauthorized operations.

83
Q

Who can sighn there own operative permits? What must they be?

A

Adults and emancipated minors ; that are mentally competent.

84
Q

Who do you need to get consent from for a unconscious adult or minor child?

A

Parent or guardian.

85
Q

What do you need to make descision for someone who can’t make their own descisions?

A

Durable power of attorney or an advanced directive

86
Q

HESI hint: who should explain and describe the operative procedure?

A

The health care provider. It is not the nurses responsibility.

87
Q

HESI Hint: when it comes to operative permits what is the nurses job?

A

Make sure the permit is sighned and is in the clients medical record.

88
Q

HESI hint: what must the nurse document when it comes to surgery permits?

A

Document the client was given information and agreed to it.

89
Q

Does the law always require written consent to perform medical procedures?

A

Not always.

90
Q

When don’t you need a written consent to preform a medical procedure?

A
  • client has been fully informed.
  • volentary consent from client.
  • immediate treatment is needed to save life or limb.
91
Q

How do obtain verbal consent?

A

Make a notation that :

    - describes in detail why verbal consent was given. 
    - it is placed in the clients record or chart. 
    - it is witnessed and sighned by two persons.
92
Q

How can verbal or written consent be given?

A

Alert, coherent, or otherwise competent adults.

  • a parent or legal guardian
  • a parent with loco paretitis.
93
Q

Loco parentis

A

A person standing in for a parent with all the rights of a parent.

94
Q

How must you get consent with minors?

A

Minors 14 years of age or older must agree to treatment with there parents.

95
Q

How do you get consent from rmanacipated minors ?

A

They can consent in there own.

96
Q

What should you be careful with emancipated minors?

A

The definition of emancipation changes from state to state.

97
Q

Good Samaritan Act

A

Protects health care providers against malpractice claims for care provided in emergency situations.

98
Q

HESI Hint: when are you as a nurse protected under the Good Samaritan act?

A

When a nurse is performing EMERGENCY care.

99
Q

What does a nurse need to carry out medical procedures ?

A

Obtain a doctors order/prescription.

100
Q

What kind of doctors orders should be avoided?

A

Telephone prescriptions.

101
Q

When taking a telephone doctor order what must you do says the joint commission?

A

Follow the process of a read back of critical values.

102
Q

How should the telephone prescription be written?

A

On the patients chart. And read it back bitch!

103
Q

What should the nurse do if they question a healthcare providers order because they think it is wrong?

A
  1. Tell the healthcare provider.
  2. Record you informed the healthcare provider.
  3. Inform nursing supervisor.
  4. Refuse to carry out the doctors order/prescription.
104
Q

What should the nurse do if the feel the doctors order was made with poor judgment?

A
  1. Record that you told the healthcare provider, and that the prescription was questioned.
  2. Carry out the order ( a nurse clinical judgment cannot be substituted for a healthcare providers judgment).
105
Q

What should you do if you do not feel prepared or feel like you don’t have enough expaeriance performing a skill?

A
  1. Tell the healthcare provider.

2. Refuse to perform the skill.

106
Q

HESI Hint: When is a nurse responsible for harm to a patient?

A

When they perform a skill they don’t feel comfortable with and did not tell the provider.

107
Q

HESI hint: who is in trouble if the nurse is uncomfortable with a skill, and they inform the healthcare provider?

A

Nurse and healthcare provider.

108
Q

Can you ever alter the amount of a prescribed drug without a doctors say so? Why or why not?

A

No because a nurses clinical judgment is better than the doctors.

109
Q

What are the only three circumstances a client may be restrained?

A
  1. In an emergency.
  2. For a limited time.
  3. For the purpose of protecting the client from injury or harm.
110
Q

What are the two main nursing responsibilities with restraints?

A

Must notify healthcare provider immediately!

Accurately document the situation that lead to the restraints.

111
Q

When, only, should you use restraints?

A

After exhausting all other reasonable alternatives.

Ex. Calling family, try to figure why they are acting that way.

112
Q

How should restraints be applied?

A

Correctly in accordance with the facilities policies and procedures.

113
Q

How often should you check restraints? What should you look for?

A

Frequently: 4 hrs for adults, 2 for kids 9-17, and every hour 9 or less.

Look to not impair circulation or cause pressure ulcers, or injuries.

114
Q

When should you try to remove restrains?

A

ASAP

115
Q

What should you never do to a restrained person?

A

Leave them alone.

116
Q

What three things should be documented for restraints?

A

Need for application.
Monitoring.
Removal of restraints.

117
Q

HESI Hint: what can restraints of any kind be?

A

False imprisonments.

118
Q

What should you folllow when using restraints?

A

Guideline of state law and hospital policy.

119
Q

What is HIPAA?

A

Health Insurance Portibility and Accountabity Act.

120
Q

When was HIPAA passed?

A

1996

121
Q

Why was HIPAA created?

A

To create national patient record privacy standard.

122
Q

Who does HIPAA apply to?

A

Everyone.

123
Q

What do you need to diclose any patient rights for almost any purpose?

A

Written patient consent.

124
Q

When using patients medical information what must the nurse provide the patient?

A

Detailed information of how the information will be used.

125
Q

What must patient be able to do with there health information?

A

Be able to access it at all times.

126
Q

How severe is it to break HIPAA?

A

It is a criminal offense.

127
Q

Where can you find more information about HIPAA?

A

Department of health and human services.

128
Q

Quiz 1

A

Quiz 1

129
Q

Section one cards 1-122 took 2.5 hours the become fluent.

A

Section one cards 1-122 took 2.5 hours the become fluent.

130
Q

Nurses are consider to be what of the medical office/nursing home?

A

Leaders and Managment roles.

131
Q

Leader

A

Influences people to accomplish goals.

132
Q

Manager

A

Works to accomplish the goals of an organization.

133
Q

Nurse manager

A

Acts to achieve the goal of safe, effective client care.

134
Q

What are the skills of a nurse manager?

A 
Communication 
Organization 
Delegation 
Supervision 
Critical thinking
135
Q

What are the characteristics of a nurse manager?

A 
Authority 
Accountability 
Responsibility 
Leadership 
Commitment meant to quality
136
Q

HESI Hint: what is the job of a nurse leader?

A

Provide an environment that will promote motivation through seeking feedback , respect, and seeking input.

137
Q

HESI Hint: How will the HESI test content on nurse leadership and Managment?

A

Selecting nursing interventions that show these qualities of a nurse manager.

138
Q

What are nurse managers responsible for adressesing?

A 
Workplace violence 
Nursing staff substance abuse 
Incivility and bullying. 
Inappropriate nurse client-situations 
Bad use of social media.
139
Q

What is an illegal example of nurse incivility or bullying?

A

Refusing to share important information about a patients stats that results in the patient getting hurt.

140
Q

If you see a staff member perform something wrong what do you have to do?

A

Show them the appropriate way or behavior.

141
Q

What are three chartistics of assertive behavior?

A

Clearly defined goals
Congruent verbal and nonverbal messages.
Critical in directing.

142
Q

HESI Hint: assertive commhnication is?

A

I need , rather than, “you must”

143
Q

What are the three main things we as nurse ?

A

People
Time
Supplies

144
Q

What outlines the authority, accountability, and responsibility of a nurse?

A

Nurse Practice Acts

145
Q

Delegation

A

As asigning duties, tasks, and coordination.

146
Q

Even if you delegar a task to do one else’s what is important to keep in mind?

A

The nurse is still responsible and accountable for the quality of the tasks assigned.

147
Q

Responsibility

A

Obligation to complete a task.

148
Q

Authority

A

The right to command actions.

149
Q

Accountability

A

Assume accountability for own actions.

150
Q

Since you are still accountable for what you delegate, what must you make sure is being met?

A

The five rights of delegation.

151
Q

What are the five rights of delegation?

A 
Right task 
Right circumstance 
Right person 
Right direction/communication 
Right supervision
152
Q

HESI Hint: what does delegation require?

What should you ask yourself?

A

The nurse to be awhere of the qualifications of the delegee:

———-
Do they have the right training, skills, education.

153
Q

HESI Hint: What are the steps of the nursing process?

A

ADPIE

Assessment 
Diagnosis 
Planning 
Implementation 
Evaluation
154
Q

HESI Hint: can you delegate the nursing process to a nurse aide?

A

Nope.

155
Q

What step of the nursing process is delegation found?

A

Implementation.

156
Q

HESI Hint: What are the two main procedures uap are not allowed to perform?

A

Invasive or sterile procedures.

157
Q

HESI Hint: If a nurse aide fucks up, are you responsible at all?

A

Yes.

158
Q

When giving directions and guidance what five things need to be done?

A 
Clear concise 
Expected outcome 
Time frame 
Limitations 
Verification of assignment
159
Q

How should you evaluate and monitor?

A

Frequently check in
Open communication lines
Achievement of outcome

160
Q

How should you follow up with tasks assigned to LPNs or UAP?

A

Communicate the findings and the achievement of those findings.

161
Q

Why sometimes do you need to follow up with the ST N/A or LPN?

A

There may be a need for guidance or teaching.

162
Q

What are the three basic aspects of supervision when delegating the RN is accountable for?

A

Direction – guidance
Evaluation of monitoring
Follow up

163
Q

Who is the RN accountable for when delegating?

A

LPN, graduate nurses, and experienced nurses, student nurses, and UAP

164
Q

What is the main model nurses are accustomed to using to solve a problem and client care situations?

A

The nursing process: ADPIE

165
Q

What is the nursing process?

A

Add pi

166
Q

Assessment

A

What are the needs or problems

167
Q

Analysis

A

What has the highest priority.

168
Q

Planning

A

What outcomes and goals must be accomplished.

What are the available resources.

169
Q

Implementation

A

Communicating expectations

Is documentation complete

170
Q

Evaluation

A

Were the desired outcomes achieved?

Was safe, effective care provided?

171
Q

HESI Hint: What clients deserve priority?

A

Ask yourself the following:
Which client is the most critically ill and unstable?
Which client is most likely to experience a significant change?
Which client requires assessment by an RN?

172
Q

Who should a client that has an infection not be roomed with?

A

Someone who is immunocompromised.

173
Q

If a client is a Highfall risk where should they be roomed?

A

Closer to the nursing station.

174
Q

What are three skills needed by change agents?

A

Problem-solving
Decision-making
Interpersonal relationships

175
Q

HESI Hint: What does change cause?

A

Anxiety

176
Q

What does an effective nurse agent do to deal with change that causes anxiety?

A

Use problem-solving skills to recognize factors such as anxiety that contribute a resistance to change and his decision making and interpersonal skills to overcome the resistance

177
Q

What are some interventions that demonstrate skills when dealing with change that causes anxiety?

A

Seeking input, showing respect, valuing opinions, and building trust.

178
Q

Lewins change theory

A

Unfreezing: initiation of change
Moving: motivation toward a change
Refreezing: implementation of a change

179
Q

What do you interprofessional healthcare teams require?

A

Shared goals, commitment, and accountability
Open and clear communication
Respect for the expertise of all team members.

180
Q

Critical pathways

A

Interprofessional plans of care that are used to diagnose and care that can be standardized guides to track client progress

181
Q

Do you critical path ways replace individualized care?

A

No

182
Q

Case management

A

Coordinates care provided by interprofessional team using critical pathways to organize care

183
Q

DISASTER NURSING

A

DISASTER NURSING

184
Q

What is the role of the nurse at all three disaster Managment?

A

Disaster preparededness
Disaster response
Disaster recovery

185
Q

How do achieve effective nuring amnagmnet?

A

Organization is key
All personel must be trained
All personel must know there roles.

186
Q

What are three levels in disaster Managment?

A

Primary prevention
Secondary prevention
Tertiary prevention

187
Q

What is primary prevention?

A

Development of a disaster plan
Train resucue workers in triage and basic first aide
Educate personnel about shelter Managment
Educate the public about disaster plan and perdónele.

188
Q

What is secondary prevention?

A

Triage
Treatment of injuries
Treatment of other issue - including mental health.
Shelter supervision

189
Q

What is tertiary prevention?

A

Follow up care for injuries
Follow up psychological problems
Recovery assistance
Prevention of future disasters

190
Q

What does triage mean?

A

A french word meaning to sort or categorize.

191
Q

What is the goal of triage?

A

Maximize the number of survivors by sorting the injured according to treatable and untreatable victims.

192
Q

What are the two thing you think when trying to triage?

A

Do they need the most care.

Do we have enough stuff.

193
Q

How is triage used?

A

A systematic approach such as simple method START.

NCLEX-RN Comprehensive Hesi (4 decks)

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