Ch2: Infection Control Principles And Practices Flashcards
OSHA
(occupational safety and health administration)
A federal agency created as part of the US Department of Labor to regulate and enforce safety and health standards to protect employees in the workplace
Bacteria; singular bacterium
one-celled microorganisms that have both plant and animal characteristics . Some are harmful; Some are harmless
Safety Data Sheets (SDS)
information compiled by the manufacturer about product safety, including the names of hazardous ingredients, safe handling and use procedures, precautions to reduce the risk of accidental harm or overexposure, and flammability warnings
Disinfectants
chemical products that destroy all bacteria, fungi, and viruses (but not spores) on surfaces.
Hospital disinfectants
disinfectants that are effective for cleaning blood and body fluids
Nonporous surfaces
surfaces that are made or constructed of a material that has no pores or openings and cannot absorb liquids.
Tuberculocidal disinfectants
disinfectants that kill the bacteria that causes tuberculosis
Decontamination
the removal of blood or other potentially infectious materials from the surface of an item and the removal of visible debris or residue such as dust, hair, and skin.
Cleaning
a mechanical process (scrubbing) using soap and water or detergent and water to remove all visible dirt, debris, and many disease-causing germs. Cleaning also removes invisible debris that interferes with disinfection. Cleaning is what natural stylists are required to do before disinfecting.
Disinfection
A chemical process that uses specific products to destroy harmful organisms (except bacterial spores) on environmental surfaces
Sterilization
the process that completely destroys all microbial life, including spores
Microorganisms
any organism of microscopic or sub-microscopic size
Nonpathogenic bacteria
harmless microorganisms that may perform Useful functions and are safe to come in contact with because they don’t cause disease or harm
Antibiotics
a medicine (such as penicillin or its derivatives) that inhibits the growth of or destroys microorganisms
Pathogenic bacteria
harmful microorganisms that can cause disease and infection in humans when they invade the body
Cocci
round-shaped organisms that appear singly or in groups. The three types are staphylococci, strep to cocci, and diplococci
Staphylococci
pus-forming bacteria that grow in clusters like a bunch of grapes. They cause abscesses, pustules, and boils
Streptococci
pus- forming bacteria arranged in curved lines resembling a string of beads. They cause infections such as strep throat and blood poisoning.
Diplococci
Spherical bacteria that grow in pairs and cause diseases such as pneumonia.
Bacilli
short, rod-shaped bacteria. They are the most common bacteria and produce diseases such as tetanus (lockjaw) , typhoid fever, Tuberculosis, and diptheria
Spirilla
A bacterium with a rigid spiral structure, found in stagnant water and sometimes causing disease
Flagella
One toeight long, slender, hair like extensions used by bacilli and spirilla for locomotion (moving about) ; may also be called cilia
Cilia
hundreds of slender, hair like extensions used by bacilli and spirilla for locomotion (moving about)
Binary fission
the division of bacteria cells into two new cells called daughter cells
Spore
a tiny, typically one-celled reproductive unit capable ofgiving rise to a new individual without sexual fusion; Characteristic of lower plants, fungi, and protozoans.
Inflammation
a condition in which the body reacts to injury, irritation, or infection and is characterized by swelling, redness, and heat or fever and pain.
MRSA
(Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus Aureus)
A type of infectious bacteria that is highly resistant to conventional treatments such as antibiotics
Contagious Disease
(communicable disease)
Disease that is spread to another person. Some of the most contagious diseases are common cold, ringworm, conjunctivitis, viral infections, and natural nail or toe and foot infections.