Ch.2 Body As a Whole

Question 1

mitochondria

Answer 1

Principal source of energy for the cell.

Small, sausage shaped.

Question 2

endoplasmic

reticulum

Answer 2

network of canals within the cell

Manufactures proteins.

Question 3

Ribosomes

Answer 3

Long chains of

proteins

Question 4

cell membrane

Answer 4

surrounds and protects

controls flow in/out of cell

Question 5

Nucleus

Answer 5

controls operations of cell

Question 6

chromosone

Answer 6

rod-like structure in nucleus; contains genes

Question 7

cytoplasm

Answer 7

• carries out the work of the cell
• all material outside the nucleus and

inside cell membrane

Question 8

karotype

Answer 8

photograph of individual’s chromosones arr. by size, shape, number

Question 9

metabolism

Answer 9

sum of chemical processes in cell

Question 10

catabolism

Answer 10

process of breaking down into smaller material

Question 11

anabolism

Answer 11

process of building complex materials from smaller; amino acids into complex proteins

Question 12

androgens

Answer 12

male hormones

Question 13

4 types of tissue

Answer 13

1. Epithelial
2. Muscle Tissue
3. Connective Tissue
4. Nerve Tissue

Question 14

Epithelial Tissue

Answer 14

lining of internal organs; outer surface of skin.

Question 15

Muscle Tissue

Answer 15

Voluntary: flex/extend, found in extremeties

Involuntary: muscles in the heart; heartbeat

Question 16

Connective Tissue

Answer 16

connects one thing to another.

fat, cartilage, bone, blood

Question 17

Nerve Tissue

Answer 17

conducts impluses all over the body.

Question 18

Differentiation

Answer 18

change in cells as they mature and specialize

Question 19

Viscera

Answer 19

organs

Question 20

9 Body Systems:

Answer 20

1. Digestive 2. Urinary/Excretory
2. Respiratory 4. Reproductive
3. Endocrine 6.Nervous
4. Circulatory 8. Musculoskeletal
5. Skin, Sense Organs

Question 21

Incision

Answer 21

cut into

the body

Question 22

Excision

Answer 22

cutting out;

removal; resection

Question 23

5 types of

​Body Cavities

Answer 23

a. Crani/al - brain
b. Thorac/ic - chest
c. Abdomin/al - below diaphragm
d. Pelv/ic - starts @ hips
e. Spin/al - nerves/spinal cord

Question 24

Anterior (Ventral)

Answer 24

Front

Question 25

Posterior (Dorsal)

Answer 25

Backside

Question 26

Deep

Answer 26

Away from surface

Question 27

Superficial

Answer 27

on the surface

Question 28

Proximal

Answer 28

near point of attachment to the truck (shoulder

to hip)

Question 29

Distal

Answer 29

Far from point of attachment to trunk

Question 30

Inferior

Answer 30

below another

structure

Question 31

Superior

Answer 31

above another

structure

Question 32

Medial

Answer 32

toward midline;

middle

Question 33

Lateral

Answer 33

the side

Question 34

Supine

Answer 34

laying on your back

Question 35

Prone

Answer 35

laying on your stomach

Question 36

Frontal plane

Answer 36

divides anterior to posterior

Question 37

Sagittal

Answer 37

divides into right/left

Question 38

Transverse

Answer 38

divides into upper/

lower