Ch.2 - Atoms, Ions and Compounds

Question 1

Relative charges of proton, neutron and electron

Answer 1

Proton +1
Neutron 0
Electron -1

Question 2

Relative masses of proton, neutron and electron

Answer 2

Proton 1
Neutron 1
Electron 1/2000

Question 3

Describe current model of atom (4)

Answer 3

-The nuclear model
-Protons + Neutrons in nucleus and Electrons orbit shells
-Nucleus is very small compared to total volume of atom
-Most of atom’s mass comes for the nucleus as most of atom is empty space

Question 4

Isotopes

Answer 4

Atoms of the same element (same number of protons and electrons) with different number of neutrons

Question 5

Explain why different isotopes of the same element react in the same way (3)

Answer 5

-Only difference is neutrons
-Neutrons have no impact on chemical reactivity
-Reactions involve electrons and isotopes have the same number of electrons in the same arrangement

Question 6

Ions

Answer 6

Charged particles formed when an atom loses or gains electron(s)

Question 7

Cation

Answer 7

-Positive ion
-Electrons are lost
-Usually formed by metals

Question 8

Anion

Answer 8

-Negative ion
-Electrons are gained
-Usually formed by non metals

Question 9

Relation atomic mass

Answer 9

The weighted mean mass of an atom of an element compared with 1/12th of the mass of an atom of Carbon-12

Question 10

Relative isotopic mass

Answer 10

The mass of an atom of an isotope compared with 1/12th of the mass of an atom of carbon-12

Question 11

Ammonium ion

Answer 11

NH4 +

Question 12

Hydroxide ion

Answer 12

OH-

Question 13

Nitrate ion

Answer 13

NO3 -

Question 14

Nitrite ion

Answer 14

NO2 -

Question 15

Hydrogencarbonate ion

Answer 15

HCO3 -

Question 16

Manganate (VII) ion

Answer 16

MnO4 -

Question 17

Carbonate ion

Answer 17

(CO3) 2-

Question 18

Sulfate ion

Answer 18

(SO4) 2-

Question 19

Sulfite ion

Answer 19

(SO3) 2-

Question 20

Dichromate(VI) ion

Answer 20

(Cr2O7) 2-

Question 21

Phosphate ion

Answer 21

(PO4) 3-