CH.2 Anatomy and Physiology Flashcards
Define Anatomy ?
a branch of service that deals with structure of body parts
Define Physiolgoy ?
Functions of body parts
How many levels of organization are in the Human Body ? And name each one
Four. Cellular, Tissue, Organ, and System.
Define the cellular level of the Human body ?
its the smallest, its processes and exhibit basic characteristics of life
Define the tissue level of the Human Body ?
group of many similar cells, that perform a certain function
Define organ level on the Human Body ?
its structure made, several kinds of tissues come together to perform a special function.
Define the system level of the Human Body ?
has various number of kinds of organs, performs complex functions in the body.
What does cells require for life ?
Water
Why does a cell require water to live ?
regulates body temperature, transport substances, provides an environment for processes to take place, metabolic processes.
What does the cellular level need ?
Food, Oxygen, Heat, Pressure.
What is homeostasis ?
A state of equilibrium in which the internal envirnoment of the body remains relatively constant
What functions make up the Cell’s structure ?
Cell wall, Cell membrane, Nuclear membrane, Nucleus , Cytoplasm, Cilia and Flagella
Where is the Cell Wall located and what is its purpose ?
its the outer surface of cell and it protects the cell from physical injury
What is the cell membrane and what is its purpose ?
Outer boundary of cell. It allows food, nutrients and waste into and out of cell
What is the Nucleus and what is its purpose ?
the Cells brain. the direct cells life and reproduction. Its located near center of cell
Explain the cytoplasm and it ‘s purpose ?
It’s a communication system for molecules from one call part to another. Food and molecules received, processed and used
What is a Cilia ?
a moving appendage extend outward. Use to and fro movements
What is a flagella ?
a moving appendage extend outward of the cell. Uses a wave like motion
Name all 11 Major Body Systems ?
Skeletal, Nervous, Circulatory, Digestive, Reproductive, Muscular, Endocrine, Lymphatic, Integumentary and Urinary.
Give a brief summary of the Skeletal System ?
It’s the framework of the body. It protects internal organs. Stores minerals for release when needed. Red and white blood cells grow and develop in bone marrow
Name the types of Bones in the Human Body ?
Flat, Long, Short and Irregular.
What are Bones made of ?
Specialized cells and protein fibers in gel like material of water, mineral of water, mineral salts and carbohydrates
What is the Axial Skeleton?
Is bony and cartilaginous parts that support and protect the head, neck and trunk
What makes up the Axial Skeleton in the Human body
Skull, Hyoid bone, Vertebral column and the Thoracic cage