CH2

Question 1

Definition of Carbon compounds

Answer 1

Compounds that contain carbon as their constituent element

Question 2

Definition of Organic Compounds

Answer 2

Compounds originating from living things that containing Carbon element bonded covalently with other element

Question 3

Definition of Inorganic compounds

Answer 3

Compounds originating from non-living materials such as oxides of carbon, carbonate compounds and cyanide compounds

Question 4

Definition of Hydrocarbon

Answer 4

Organic compound that contain only Hydrogen and carbon

Question 5

Definition of Non-Hydrocarbon

Answer 5

Organic compounds that contain carbon, hydrogen and other elements

Question 6

Definition of Saturated Hydrocarbon

Answer 6

Hydrocarbons that contain only single bonds between carbon atoms

Question 7

Definition of Unsaturated Hydrocarbon

Answer 7

Hydrocarbons that contains double or triple bonds between Carbon atoms

Question 8

2 Main sources of Hydrocarbon

Answer 8

Petroleum
crude Oil

Question 9

2 Stages of oil refining

Answer 9

Fractional distillation
cracking

Question 10

Definition of fractional distillation

Answer 10

Seperation of fraction of hydrocarbons in petroleum at different temperature according to the size of the Hydrocarbons

Question 11

Definition of Cracking (of Hydrocarbons)

Answer 11

Cracking of long chain Hydrocarbons into smaller molecules at high temperature using catalyst

Question 12

Characteristics of Homologous series

Answer 12

Same General Formula
same functional group
same chemical properties
Consecutive member differ by 1 Carbon atom and 2 Hydrogen Atoms
Physical properties that gradually increase from one member to the next

Question 13

General formula of Alkane

Answer 13

CnH2n+2

Question 14

General formula of Alkene

Answer 14

CnH2n

Question 15

General formula of Alkyne

Answer 15

CnH2n-2

Question 16

General formula of Alcohol

Answer 16

CnH2n+1OH

Question 17

General formula of Carboxylic Acid

Answer 17

CnH2+1COOH

Question 18

General formula of Ester

Answer 18

CmH2m+1COOCnH2n+1

Question 19

Functional group of alkane

Answer 19

Single bond between carbon atoms

Question 20

Functional group of alkene

Answer 20

Double bond between carbon atoms

Question 21

Functional group of alkyne

Answer 21

Triple bond between carbon atoms

Question 22

Functional group of Alcohol

Answer 22

Hydroxyl

Question 23

Functional group of Carboxylic Acid

Answer 23

carboxyl

Question 24

Functional group of Ester

Answer 24

Carboxylate

Question 25

Solubility of Alkane, Alkene and Alkyne in organic solvent

Answer 25

Soluble

Question 26

Solubility of Alkane, Alkene and Alkyne in water

Answer 26

Insoluble

Question 27

Electrical conductivity of Alkane, Alkene and Alkyne

Answer 27

Cannot conduct electricity in any states

Question 28

Melting & Boiling point of Alkane, Alkene and Alkyne

Answer 28

increase as molecular size increase

Question 29

Density of Alkane, Alkene and Alkyne

Answer 29

Less dense than water

Question 30

Boiling point of alcohol & carboxylic acid

Answer 30

Low Increase with increasing number of carbon atoms per molecule

Question 31

Physical state at room temperature of Carboxylic acid

Answer 31

First 9 exist as liquid

Question 32

Physical state at room temperature of Alcohol

Answer 32

First 11 exist as liquid

Question 33

Solubility of Methanol, Ethanol and Propanol in water

Answer 33

Miscible in water in all proportions

Question 34

Solubility of Methanoic, Ethanoic and Propanoic acid in water

Answer 34

Very soluble

Question 35

Factor that causes Alkanes to be unreactive

Answer 35

Strong C--C and C--H bond Large amount of energy is required to break

Question 36

Products of complete combustion of Alkane

Answer 36

Carbon Dioxide Water

Question 37

Products of incomplete combustion of Alkane

Answer 37

Carbon Monoxide Water OR Carbon Water

Question 38

Products of Substitution reaction between Alkane and Halogens under Sunlight or UV ray

Answer 38

Each Hydrogen atom in Alkane is replaced ONE BY ONE with a Halogen atom

Question 39

2 Chemical reaction of Alkane

Answer 39

Combustion Reaction with halogens

Question 40

Rule of reaction of Alkane and Halogen

Answer 40

Under sunlight//UV ray

Question 41

Product of combustion of Alkene

Answer 41

Carbon Dioxide Water

Question 42

Product of Hydrogenation of alkene

Answer 42

Alkane

Question 43

Product of Halogenation of alkene

Answer 43

2 Halogen atoms is added to the double bond Colour turns colourless

Question 44

Rules of Hydrogenation of alkene

Answer 44

Presence of catalyst 180C temperature

Question 45

Rule of Halogenation of alkene

Answer 45

Room temperature

Question 46

Product of addition of Hydrogen Halide of alkene

Answer 46

Haloalkene (Bromoetehane, Chloropropane)

Question 47

Rules of addition of Hydrogen Halide of alkene

Answer 47

Room temperature

Question 48

Product of Hydration of alkene

Answer 48

Alcohol

Question 49

Rules of Hydration of alkene

Answer 49

Water as steam 300c 60atm Phosphoric acid as catalyst

Question 50

Products of Oxidation with KMnO4 of Alkene

Answer 50

Purple turns colourless 2 Hydroxyl groups are added to double bond

Question 51

7 reaction of Alkene

Answer 51

Complete combustion Hydrogenation halogenation addition with Hydrogen Halide Addition With KMnO4 Hydration addition polymerisation

Question 52

4 Similarities between Alkanes and alkenes

Answer 52

Hydrocarbons Complete combustion produce CO2 and H2O Same Physical properties Number of carbon atoms are the same

Question 53

2 Method of Producing Ethanol

Answer 53

Fermentation of glucose // starch with presence of catalyst Hydration of Ethene with presence of Catalyst

Question 54

Product of Ethanol fermentation

Answer 54

Ethanol carbon dioxide

Question 55

3 Chemical reaction of alcohol

Answer 55

Combustion Oxidation Dehydration

Question 56

Products of complete combustion of Alcohol

Answer 56

Carbon Dioxide Water

Question 57

Product of oxidation of alcohol

Answer 57

Carboxylic acid

Question 58

Products of dehydration of alcohol

Answer 58

Alkene

Question 59

Procedur of dehydration of alcohol

Answer 59

Alcohol vapour is strongly heated by catalyst

Question 60

Characteristics of alkenes produced through dehydration of alcohol

Answer 60

Burn with yellow sooty flame Decolourise bromine water & KMnO4

Question 61

4 Chemical reaction of Carboxylic Acid

Answer 61

With Base with Metal Carbonate with Metal With alcohol

Question 62

Products of reaction between Carboxylic acid and base

Answer 62

Carboxylate salt Water

Question 63

Products of reaction between Carboxylic acid and Metal Carbonate

Answer 63

Carboxylate salt Water Carbon DIoxide

Question 64

Products of reaction between Carboxylic acid and Metal

Answer 64

Carboxylate salt Hydrogen

Question 65

Products of reaction between Carboxylic acid and alcohol

Answer 65

ester water

Question 66

Rule of reaction between Carboxylic acid and alcohol

Answer 66

Presence of H2SO4

Question 67

2 Physical properties of Ester

Answer 67

Sweet & fruity smell Less dense than water

Question 68

Definition of Isomers

Answer 68

Molecules of the same molecular formula but different structural formula

Question 69

Brief procedure of preparing ester

Answer 69

Add glacial Carboxylic acid into pure alcohol Add 5 drops of Sulphuric acid into the test tube Heat the mixture gently until boils