ch2

Question 1

Freud’s psychoanalysis is the best known of all personality theories because
a. postulated the primacy of sex and aggression
b. attracted a group of early followers who were dedicated to spreading the psychoanalytic doctrine
c. advanced the notion of unconscious motives, which permit myriad explanations for the same observations
d. all answers are correct

Answer 1

d. all answers are correct

Question 2

Freud believed that hysteria was a result of being seduced during childhood by a sexually mature person, often a parent or other relative: But in 1897, he abandoned his seduction theory and replaced it with his notion of the Oedipus complex [The attachment of the child to the parent of the opposite sex, accompanied by envious and aggressive feelings toward the parent of the same sex.]
a. First statement is true; second statement is false
b. First statement is false; second statement is true
c. Both statement are false
d. Both statement are true

Answer 2

d. Both statement are true

Question 3

The __________ consists of drives and instincts that are beyond awareness, yet they motivate many of our behaviors.
a. concious
b. subconcious
c. preconcious
d. unconcious
e. id
f. ego
g. super ego

Answer 3

d. unconcious
[the part of the mind which is inaccessible to the conscious mind but which affects behavior and emotions].

Question 4

___________ ideas stem from either the perception of external stimuli; that is, our perceptual conscious system, or from unconscious and preconscious images after they have evaded censorship.
a. unconcious
b. preconcious
c. subconcious
d. concious

Answer 4

d. concious
[aware of and responding to one’s surroundings; awake].

Question 5

_________ seeks constant and immediate satisfaction of instinctual needs.
a. ego
b. id
c. super ego
d. ego-ideal
e. conscience

Answer 5

b. id
[the primitive, basic, and fully unconscious part of personality. It contains all of the unconscious energy that is directed toward fulfilling a person’s most basic needs].

Question 6

The ego, or ___________, is governed by the reality principle; that is, it is responsible for reconciling the unrealistic demands of both the id and the superego with the demands of the real world.
a. primary process
b. secondary process
c. tertiary process
d. no correct answer

Answer 6

b. secondary process

Question 7

The aim of the sexual instinct is to seek pleasure, which can be gained through the _________ especially the mouth, anus, and genitals.
a. primitive zone
b. erotomanic zone
c. erogenous zone
d. zone of proximal development

Answer 7

c. erogenous zone

Question 8

___________ is the reception of sexual pleasure from inflicting pain on another, and masochism, which is the reception of sexual pleasure from painful experiences, satisfies both sexual and aggressive drives.

Answer 8

sadism

Question 9

The destructive instinct aims to return the person to an inorganic state, but it is ordinarily directed against other people and is called
a. repression
b. regression
c. aggression
d. eros

Answer 9

c. aggression

Question 10

__________ is apprehension about an unknown danger and stems from the ego’s relation with the id
a. anxiety
b. neurotic anxiety
c. moral anxiety
d. realistic anxiety

Answer 10

b. neurotic anxiety

Question 11

It is the most basic of all defense mechanisms because it is an active process in each of the others
a. repression
b. reaction formation
c. displacement
d. fixation
e. regression
f. projection
g. introjection
h. sublimation

Answer 11

a. repression

Question 12

__________ develop when psychic energy is blocked at one stage of development, making psychological change difficult.
a. repression
b. reaction formation
c. displacement
d. fixation
e. regression
f. projection
g. introjection
h. sublimation

Answer 12

d. fixation

Question 13

_________ is the redirecting of unacceptable urges and feelings onto people and objects in order to disguise or conceal their true nature. A woman greatly dislikes her boss but takes her anger out on her husband and children.
a. Repression
b. Reaction formation
c. Displacement
d. Fixation

Answer 13

c. Displacement

Question 14

A_____________ is marked by the repression of one impulse and the ostentatious expression of its exact opposite. For example, a teen age boy may have deep-seated unconscious sexual feelings for a teacher, but on the surface level he expresses exaggerated animosity toward that teacher.
a. Repression
b. Reaction formation
c. Displacement
d. Fixation

Answer 14

b. Reaction formation

Question 15

__________take place when a person reverts to earlier, more infantile modes of behavior.
a. Reaction formation
b. Displacement
c. Fixation
d. Regression

Answer 15

d. Regression

Question 16

_____________ is seeing in others those unacceptable feelings or behaviors that actually reside in one’s own unconscious.
a. Fixation
b. Regression
c. Projection
d. Introjection

Answer 16

c. Projection

Question 17

_________ involves the incorporation of positive qualities of another person in order to reduce feelings of inadequacy. Hero worship might be a good example.
a. Regression
b. Projection
c. Introjection
d. Sublimation

Answer 17

c. Introjection

Question 18

____________ involve elevating the aim of the sexual instinct to a higher level and are manifested in cultural accomplishments, such as art, music, and other socially beneficial activities.
a. Regression
b. Projection
c. Introjection
d. Sublimation

Answer 18

d. Sublimation

Question 19

Freud believed that slips of the tongue or pen, misreadings, incorrect hearings, misplacing of objects, and temporary forgetting of names or intentions are not chance accidents but reveal a person’s unconscious intentions.
a. Tip of the tongue phenomenon
b. Extrapyramidal syndrome
c. Parapraxes
d. No correct answer

Answer 19

c. Parapraxes