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navedtra 14295b > Ch18 > Flashcards

Ch18 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the branch of pharmacology that deals with biological, biochemical, and economic features of the natural medications and their constituents? 18-1

A

Pharmacognosy

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2
Q

What is the science dealing with the origin, nature, chemistry, effects, and uses of medication? 18-1

A

Pharmacology

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3
Q

What is the branch of pharmacology dealing with the preparation, dispensing, and proper use of medication? 18-1

A

Pharmacy

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4
Q

What is the study of the dosages of medicines and medications?18-1

A

Posology

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5
Q

What is the study of the action or effects of medications on living organisms? 18-1

A

Pharmacodynamics

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6
Q

What is the study of the uses of medications in the treatment of disease?18-1

A

Pharmacotherapeutics

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7
Q

What is the study of poisons, their actions, their detections, and the treatment of the conditions produced by them called?18-1

A

Toxicology

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8
Q

What is the science of treating diseases by any method that will relieve pain, treat or cure diseases and infections, or prolong life called?18-1

A

Therapeutics

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9
Q

What provides test of medications identity, quality, strengths, and purity? 18-1

A

USP-NF

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10
Q

What did the U.S Federal Food, Medication, and Cosmetics Act designate as the official ref. for medications marketed in the US?

A

USP-NF

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11
Q

What is the most widely used text/ref. in American pharmacies?

A

Remington: The science and Practice of Pharmacy

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12
Q

What is the amount of medication to be admin. referred as?

A

Dose

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13
Q

A therapeutic dose is calculated on an avg. adult male of 24 yrs who weighs approx. how many lbs?

A

150

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14
Q

What is the most common factor that influences the amount of medication to be given?

A

Age

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15
Q

What is the most common method of administering medication?

A

Oral

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16
Q

What type of medications are administered by placing the medications under the tongue?

A

Sublingual

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17
Q

What type of medications are administer by placing the medications between the tongue and cheek?

A

Buccal

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18
Q

What type of medications are introduced by injections?

A

Parental

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19
Q

What is the type of medication injected just below the skin’s cutaneous layers?

A

Subcutanous

20
Q

What type of medications is injected within the dermis layer of the skin?

A

Intradermal

21
Q

What type of medications is introduced directly into the vein?

A

IV

22
Q

What is the process called by which a medication is converted into a fine spray by the use of compressed gas?

A

nebulization

23
Q

How may important steps to follow are there when administering medication to a patient to prevent errors?

A

6

24
Q

What is any chemical substance called that has an effect on living tissue but is not used as a food?

A

Medications

25
Q

Medications are classified according to set criteria and fall into three specific areas: general, chemical and what else?

A

therapeutic

26
Q

What are medications called that cause shrinkage of the skin and mucous membranes?

A

astringents

27
Q

What are bland or fatty substances called that may be applied to the skin to make it more pliable and soft?

A

emollients

28
Q

what are agents called that inhibit or suppress the act of coughing?

A

Antitussives

29
Q

What can be used to reduce congestion and the swelling of mucous membranes?

A

nasal decongestants

30
Q

What substance released by most cells distributed in connective tissues usually near blood vessels promotes some of the reactions associated with inflammation and allergies such as asthma and hay fever?

A

histamine

31
Q

What are used to counteract hyper acidity in the stomach?

A

antacids

32
Q

normally oral medications should not be taken within how many hours of taking an antacid?

A

2

33
Q

What suppress the growth of microorganisms?

A

antiseptics

34
Q

What are agents called that are used to disinfect inanimate objects and are primarily germicidal in their actions?

A

disinfectants

35
Q

What is the standard by which all other antiseptic, disinfectants, and germaicidal agents are measured in effectiveness?

A

Phenol

36
Q

What were the first effective chemotherapeutic agents to be available in safe therapeutic dosage ranges?

A

Sultonamides

37
Q

What is one of the most effective and least toxic of the antimicrobial agents?

A

Penicillins

38
Q

What are a group of semi-synthetic derivatives of cephalosporin C called which is an antimicrobial agent of fungal origin?

A

Cephalosporin

39
Q

In what year were Tretracyclines introduced which were the first truly broad-spectrum antibiotics?

A

1948

40
Q

What are a group of medications that share chemical, antimicrobial, pharmacological, and toxic characteristics, and that are effective against most gram-positive and gram-negative organisms

A

aminoglycosides

41
Q

What are antibiotics constituting a large group of bacteriostatic agents that inhibit protein synthesis known as?

A

macrolides

42
Q

What type of medications facilitate the passafe and elimination of feces from the colon and the rectum

A

Laxatives

43
Q

What are agents that increase the rate of urine formation called?

A

diuretics

44
Q

What type of medications relieve pain without producing unconsciousness or impairing mental capacities?

A

non-narcotic analgesics

45
Q

What are used to relieve or reduce fevers?

A

antipyritcs

46
Q

What are mainly used as sedative-hypnotics, anticonvulsants, anesthetics for short anesthesea, and may be used in combination with analgesics to enhance their analgesic effect?

A

barbiturates (CNS depressant)

47
Q

Tranquilizers and mood modifiers are the two primary group of what agents?

A

Psychotherapeutic agents

navedtra 14295b (2 decks)

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