Ch.15 Injuries to Lower Body

Question 1

fractures

Answer 1

a complete or partial break in bone

Question 2

contusion

Answer 2

bruise

Question 3

strain

Answer 3

muscles/fibers or tendons overstretching/tearing; loss of strength-divot

Question 4

sprain

Answer 4

ligaments; valgus and varus stress tests

Question 5

bursitis

Answer 5

inflammation of fluid-sacs in joints

Question 6

HOPS

Answer 6

history, observation, palpate, special test

Question 7

Patrick’s/Faber Test

Answer 7

a screening test for pathology of the hip joint or sacrum; leg is flexed and thigh abducted/ext. rotated

Question 8

Ober’s Test

Answer 8

detects iliotibial band syndrome (IT band)

Question 9

IT band syndrome

Answer 9

iliotibial band (ligament) rubs on thigh bone

Question 10

Trendelenburg Test

Answer 10

hip alignment

Question 11

immediate treatment for strains

Answer 11

Protection, Rest, Ice, Compression, and Elevation (PRICE)

Question 12

Isometric

Answer 12

static strength training; tension developed w/out contraction of muscle

Question 13

Isotonic

Answer 13

involving muscle contraction against resistance causing length of muscle to change; movements are either concentric or eccentric

Question 14

concentric

Answer 14

working muscle shortens

Question 15

eccentric

Answer 15

working muscle lengthens

Question 16

avulsion

Answer 16

tearing away of structure

Question 17

acute

Answer 17

just happened

Question 18

chronic

Answer 18

old occurring injury

Question 19

twisting, pop heard/felt in knee

Answer 19

ACL/meniscus

Question 20

pain to sit, go up or down stairs

Answer 20

CMP; damage to cartilage under kneecap

Question 21

Osgood Slaughter

Answer 21

ages 12-17; knew hurts all the time or while falling on knee

Question 22

giving out or locking up of knee

Answer 22

meniscus

Question 23

hit on outside, hurts on inside

Answer 23

MCL

Question 24

hit on outside, hurts on outside

Answer 24

contusion

Question 25

hit on inside, hurts on outside

Answer 25

LCL

Question 26

got hit from the front of the tibia- catcher or car wreck

Answer 26

PCL

Question 27

Tibia (shin bone)

Answer 27

weight bearing

Question 28

Fibula

Answer 28

not weight bearing

Question 29

Fractures "rule out"

Answer 29

compression-fibula; percussion- tibia and patella

Question 30

Patellar tendon

Answer 30

rupture test-loss of movement

Question 31

Meniscus tears

Answer 31

McMurray test-palpation of tears in knee joint line and can hear a "thud"/"click"

Question 32

CMP (chondromalacia patella)

Answer 32

Apley compression test-patella grind test used to evaluate for problems in meniscus

Question 33

Tendonitis

Answer 33

Crepitation- crackling/grating sound cause by bones rubbing against each other

Question 34

Lachman test (ACL)

Answer 34

diagnose injury of anterior cruciate ligament (tears)

Question 35

active ROM

Answer 35

patient performs exercisem to move joint w/out assistance to muscles surrounding joint

Question 36

passive ROM

Answer 36

therapist or equipment moves joint w/no effort of patient

Question 37

Dislocation/Subluxation of Patella

Answer 37

Apprehension test- patient knows it will be painful, simulates dislocation; knee is extended and patella is pushed laterally

Question 38

PCL

Answer 38

posterior translation of Tibia; + Sag Sign; Reverse Lachman; Controversial TX

Question 39

Meniscus

Answer 39

shock absorber; fluid injection system; static stability

Question 40

Biconcave fibrocartilage disc

Answer 40

vascular supply; red, red/white, white (in order from from out to in)

Question 41

shin splints

Answer 41

medial tibial stress syndrome (MTSS)

Question 42

ankle and foot injuries

Answer 42

Talar tilt test, Ant. drawer test, Thompson test (tendon ruptures [achilles])