Ch.15- Endocrine System

Question 1

What is the Endocrine system ?

Answer 1

docrine System = organs and tissues and cells that secrete hormones to regulate the activities of target cells
maintain homeostasis

Question 2

What are Exocrine glands?

Answer 2

Exocrine glands = released into ducts and secrete their products directly to the target
bloodstream

Question 3

What are endocrine glands?

Answer 3

Endocrine glands = secrete hormones into the bloodstream in response to chemical or nervous stimulus
Example: pituitary gland

Question 4

What is the endocrine system used for?

Answer 4

-your body uses the endocrine system to try to
maintain homeostasis.
-Refers to the body’s attempt to adjust to a fluctuating environment

Question 5

What ways are the classifications of hormones?

Answer 5

Active site and chemical nature

Question 6

Active site classifications?

Answer 6

-Non-target hormones: target/affect
many tissues, throughout the body
Insulin, epinephrine
-Target hormones: affect only specific
cells that have a receptor
Gastrin

Question 7

Chemical nature classification?

Answer 7

Water Soluble Hormones
-Are most hormones

Fat-soluble hormones
-are steroids hormones

Question 8

Hormones that affect blood sugar (stress)

Answer 8

Insulin,glucagon,epinephrine and norepinephrine,cortisol

Question 9

Insulin hormone

Answer 9

Produced
-Pancreas - B cells of the Islets of Langerhans

Stimulus for release
-high blood glucose levels (e.g., after a meal)

Target
-liver - glucose is converted to glycogen which is stored
-muscle cells - store glycogen and build protein
-adipose (fat-storing) tissue - glucose converted to fat for storage
-all body cells - increased permeability to glucose - glucose can enter cells to be used for cellular
respiration

Question 10

Glucagon hormone

Answer 10

Produced
-Pancreas - a cells of the Islets of Langerhans
Stimulus for release
-low blood glucose levels (e.g., fasting or in between meals)
Target
-liver - glycogen broken down into glucose
-adipose (fat-storing) tissue - fat broken down into glucose
-all body cells - decreased permeability to glucose