CH.13 - DETENTE & THE END OF COLD WAR (GLOBALIZATION DURING TRANSITION)

Question 1

The China Card

Answer 1

A U.S. diplomatic strategy to normalize relations with China in order to play upon the growing split between China and the Soviet Union

Question 2

command economics

Answer 2

Systems in which allocation mechanisms are centrally directed via the hierarchical mechanisms of the state, unlike the decentralized organization of eco­nomic activity in a market economy

Question 3

containment

Answer 3

The use of military and economic capabilities to encircle, restrict, and challenge the Soviet Union and its sphere of influence

Question 4

detente

Answer 4

The reduction of political-military tensions and improvement of economic relations between the United States and Soviet Union that began in the late 1960s

Question 5

glasnost

Answer 5

Political reforms initiated by Mikhail Gorbachev that helped to unleash individual choice and broader citizen participation in political life of the Soviet Union in the 1980s

Question 6

mutually assured destruction (MAD)

Answer 6

The Cold War situation in which both sides had the ability to inflict unacceptable losses upon the other side, even after suffering an initial attack by the other side

Question 7

“Ostpolitik”

Answer 7

The policy pursued by West Germany in the 1960s which sought the normalization of relations with East European states

Question 8

perestroika

Answer 8

The economic reforms introduced by Mikhail Gorbachev that ushered in market mechanisms and pressures to the economy of the Soviet Union in the 1980s

Question 9

transitional political economies

Answer 9

States that are trying to change the organization of their political, economic, and social relations to allow greater political competition and decentralized economic exchange