Ch12- Human Rights Flashcards
International Bill of Rights
The UDHR, ICCPR, and ICESCR collectively. Together, these three agreements form the core of the international human rights regime.
International Criminal Court (ICC)
A court of last resort for human rights cases that possesses jurisdiction only if the accused is a national of a state party, the crime took place on the territory of a state party, or the UN Security Council has referred the case to the prosecutor.
INTERNATIONAL CONVENTION ON ECONOMIC, SOCIAL, & CULTURAL RIGHTS (ICESCR)
The agreement, completed in 1966 and in force from 1976, that specifies the basic economic, social, and cultural rights of individuals and nations. The ICCPR and ICESCR together are known as the “twin covenants.”
Individual Petition
A right that permits individuals to petition appropriate international legal bodies directly if they believe a state has violated their rights.
INTERNATIONAL CONVENTION ON CIVIL & POLITICAL RIGHTS (ICCPR)
The agreement, completed in 1966 and in force from 1976, that details the basic civil and political rights of individuals and nations. The ICCPR and ICESCR together are known as the “twin covenants.”
Prisoners of Conscience
Individuals imprisoned solely because of the peaceful expression of their beliefs. The term was coined by the human rights organization Amnesty International.
Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR)
A declaration, adopted by the UN General Assembly in 1948, that defines a “common standard of achievement for all peoples” and forms the foundation of modern human rights laws.
Nonderogable Rights
Rights that cannot be suspended for any reason, including at times of public emergency.
Human Rights
The rights possessed by all individuals by virtue of being human, regardless of their status as citizens of particular states or members of a group or organization.
In addressing human rights violations, what is emphasized in addition to international human rights law?
a) The primacy of state sovereignty
b) Cultural diversity over universal rights
c) Cooperation and collaboration among states
d) Regard for transnational advocacy networks
C
What growing support indicates the importance of international human rights?
a) Increased state resistance to human rights standards
b) Rise of authoritarian regimes worldwide
c) Growing adherence to cultural relativism
d) Recognition and acceptance of human rights principles
D
Despite the promotion of better practices, what is the limitation of international human rights law?
a) Inability to influence state behavior
b) Lack of support from transnational advocacy networks
c) Growing opposition to human rights principles
d) Insufficient to provide a complete solution on its own
D
What is often the perception of states that violate human rights regarding consequences for their actions?
a) Expectation of serious consequences in their interactions with other states
b) Fear of economic sanctions and military interventions
c) Confidence that they won’t face significant consequences
d) Belief in the effectiveness of international human rights law
C
How does the influence of transnational advocacy networks (TANs) shape the perception of interests regarding human rights?
a) Promoting state dominance over human rights issues
b) Advocating for cultural relativism over universal rights
c) Raising awareness and challenging human rights violations
d) Encouraging states to prioritize their own interests over human rights
C
What often prevents states from adequately protecting vulnerable individuals and groups outside their own borders?
a) Lack of awareness about human rights violations
b) Strong interests in promoting human rights globally
c) Insufficient resources and capabilities
d) Pressure from transnational advocacy networks
C
