ch12: alcohol and tobacco use, misuse, abuse

Question 1

ethyl alcohol (ethnol)

Answer 1

the intoxicating agent in alcoholic beverages

Question 2

proof

Answer 2

the alcoholic strength of a distilled spirit, expressed as twice the percentage of alcohol present (100-proof bourbon is 50% alcohol)

Question 3

heavy episodic drinking (HED)

Answer 3

an updated term for binge drinking - described as excessive or high-risk drinking, means five or more standard drinks or units of alcohol in one sitting for males and four or more drinks for females

Question 4

drunkorexia

Answer 4

a phenomenon on college and university campuses where students intentionally limit their food intake prior to drinking alcohol

Question 5

blood-alcohol concentration (BAC)

Answer 5

• the amount of alcohol in the blood, expressed as a percentage
• 0.02-0.03 = relaxation and euphoria, no signs of intoxication
• 0.2 = pass out
• 0.3 = unconscious
• 0.4 = possibility of death

Question 6

alcohol abuse

Answer 6

continued use of alcohol despite awareness of social, occupational, psychological, or physical problems related to its use, or use of alcohol in dangerous ways or situations, such as before driving

Question 7

fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD)

Answer 7

a continuum of permanent birth defects that are caused by alcohol consumption by a pregnant woman

Question 8

fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS)

Answer 8

Milder form of fetal alcohol syndrome (low birth weight, irritability, and permanent mental impairment)

Question 9

alcohol dependence

Answer 9

development of a strong craving for alcohol due to the pleasurable feelings or relief of stress and anxiety produced by drinking

Question 10

tar

Answer 10

a thick, sticky, dark fluid produced by the burning of tobacco. made up of several hundred different chemicals, many of them poisonous, some of them carcinogenic

Question 11

alcoholism

Answer 11

a chronic, progressive, potentially fatal disease characterized by an inability to control drinking, a preoccupation with alcohol, continued use of alcohol despite adverse consequences, and distorted thinking, most notably denial

Question 12

carbon monoxide

Answer 12

a colourless, odourless gas produced by the burning of gasoline or tobacco, displaces oxygen in the hemoglobin molecules of red blood cells

Question 13

nicotine

Answer 13

the addictive substance in tobacco, one of the most toxic of all poisons

Question 14

mainstream smoke

Answer 14

the smoke inhaled directly by smoking a cigarette

Question 15

vaping

Answer 15

the act of inhaling and exhaling an aerosol produced by a vaping device such as electronic cigarette

Question 16

second-hand cigarette smoke

Answer 16

the most hazardous form of indoor air pollution, ranked behind cigarette smoking and alcohol as the third-leading preventable cause of death

Question 17

sidestream smoke

Answer 17

the smoke emitted by a burning cigarette and breathed by everyone in a closed room, including the smoker, contains more tar and nicotine than mainstream smoke

Question 18

aversion therapy

Answer 18

a treatment that attempts to help a person overcome a dependence or bad habit by making the person feel disgusted or repulsed by that habit

Question 19

methyl (wood alcohol)

Answer 19

toxic, not for consumption, can cause blindness and death if consuming amounts of it