Ch.11 Vocab Flashcards
Aorta
Largest artery in the body
Apex of the heart
Lower tip of the heart
Arteriole
A small artery
Artery
The largest type of blood vessel; carries blood away from the heart to all parts of the body
Atrioventricular Bundle (bundle of His)
Specialized muscle fibers connecting the atria with the ventricles and transmitting electrical impulses between them
Atrioventricular node (AV node)
Specialized tissue in the wall between atria; electrical impulses pass from pacemaker through AV node and bundle of his towards ventricles
Atrium (plural: Atria)
One of two chambers of the heart
Capillary
The smallest blood vessel
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Waste gas released by body cells, transported via veins to the heart and then to the lungs for exhalation
Coronary arteries
Blood vessels that branch from the aorta and carry oxygen-rich blood to the heart muscle
Deoxygenated Blood
Oxygen-poor blood
Diastole
Relaxation phase of the heartbeat
Electrocardiogram
Record of the electricity flowing through the heart
Endocardium
Inner lining of the heart
Endothelium
Innermost lining of blood vessels
Mitral valve
Valve between the left atrium and left ventricle; bicuspid valve
Murmur
Abnormal swishing sound caused by improper closure of heart valves
Myocardium
Muscular, middle layer of the heart
Normal sinus rhythm
Heart rhythm originating in sinoatrial node with resting rate of 60-100 beats/minute
Oxygen
Gas carried by the blood from the lungs to the heart to be pumped via arteries to all body cells
Pacemaker (sinoatrial node)
Specialized nervous tissue in the right atrium that begins the heartbeat
Pericardium
Double-layered membrane surrounding the heart
Pulmonary artery
Artery carrying oxygen-poor blood from the heart to the lungs
Pulmonary circulation
Flow of blood from the heart to the lungs and back to the heart
Pulmonary valve
Valve positioned between the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery
Pulmonary vein
Carries oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atrium of the heart
Pulse
The beat of the heart as felt through the walls of the arteries
Septum (septa)
A partition or wall dividing a cavity, such as that between the right and left atria and right and left ventricles
Sinoatrial node (SA node)
Pacemaker of the heart
Sphygmomanometer
An instrument to measure blood pressure
Systemic circulation
Flow of blood from body tissue to the heart and back
Systole
The contraction phase of the heartbeat
Tricuspid valve
Located between the right atrium and right ventricle; has three leaflets or cusps
Valve
A structure in veins or in the heart that temporarily closes an opening so blood flows in only one direction
Vein
A thin-walled vessel that carries blood from body tissues and lungs back to the heart; contains valves to prevent the back-flow of blood
Vena cava (plural: venae cavae)
The largest vein in the body; superior and inferior venae cavae return blood to the right atrium of the heart
Ventricle
One of two lower chambers of the heart
Venule
A small vein
