ch10

Question 1

any disease that affects the heart or blood vessels

Answer 1

cardiovascular disease

Question 2

1 cause of death in america

Answer 2

CVD

Question 3

heart disease associated with heart attacks

Answer 3

coronary heart disease (CHD)

Question 4

group of diseases characterized by a narrowing and/or hardening of arteries

Answer 4

arteriosclerosis

Question 5

special type of arteriosclerosis that results in an arterial blockage from a build-up of fatty deposits (plaque)

Answer 5

artherosclerosis

Question 6

pain, discomfort, or equivalent in the chest, neck, jaw, arms, or other areas that may result from ischemia (sign of heart attack/CVD)

Answer 6

angina

Question 7

shortness of breath/unusual fatigue at rest with mild exertion with usual activities

Answer 7

dyspnea

Question 8

clot breaking off/blocking pulmonary vein

Answer 8

pulmonary embolism

Question 9

non-modifiable risk factors for CVD

Answer 9

age, family history

Question 10

modifiable risk factors for CVD

Answer 10

cigarette smoking, physical smoking, obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes

Question 11

risk factor ages for CVD

Answer 11

men >45, women >55

Question 12

what is high blood pressure

Answer 12

hypertension

Question 13

normal blood pressure

Answer 13

systolic <120 diastolic <80

Question 14

hypertension levels

Answer 14

systolic >130 diastolic >80

Question 15

hypotension levels

Answer 15

90/60

Question 16

what is low blood pressure

Answer 16

hypotension

Question 17

causes of hypertension

Answer 17

genetics, sodium, obesity, stress

Question 18

dietary approach to stop hypertension

Answer 18

DASH diet

Question 19

DASH diet sodium levels

Answer 19

<1500mg

Question 20

altered cholesterol profile

Answer 20

dyslipidemia

Question 21

good cholesterol

Answer 21

HDL

Question 22

bad cholesterol

Answer 22

LDL

Question 23

HDL levels

Answer 23

too little (bad for health): <30 mg/dL
normal: 40-60 mg/dL
high (good for health) >60 mg/dL

Question 24

LDL levels

Answer 24

desirable: <130 mg/dL
increased risk for CVD: >130 mg/dL

Question 25

how to improve dyslipidemia

Answer 25

diet, exercise, medication

Question 26

altered blood glucose (blood sugar) metabolism

Answer 26

diabetes

Question 27

consequences of diabetes

Answer 27

glycostylation of tissues, damage to vessels

Question 28

how to manage diabetes

Answer 28

control sugars and fats in diet, exercise, medication

Question 29

diet for diabetes

Answer 29

nutrient rich, limit fat, sugar, salt

Question 30

what is a "contributory" risk factor

Answer 30

risk factor that increases your risk of developing a[n actual] risk factor

Question 31

effect of alcohol consumption

Answer 31

increases hypertension, dyslipidemia, cancer, liver disease risk

Question 32

types of diabetes

Answer 32

type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, gestational diabetes

Question 33

what is gestational diabetes

Answer 33

diabetes (insulin resistance) developed during pregnancy

Question 34

what is type 1 diabetes

Answer 34

autoimmune, pancreas DOES NOT create insulin

Question 35

what is type 2 diabetes

Answer 35

body starts to become insulin resistant, the pancreas creates less insulin than it normally would, often a result of obesity