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310 > ch10 > Flashcards

ch10 Flashcards

1
Q

any disease that affects the heart or blood vessels

A

cardiovascular disease

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2
Q

1 cause of death in america

A

CVD

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3
Q

heart disease associated with heart attacks

A

coronary heart disease (CHD)

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4
Q

group of diseases characterized by a narrowing and/or hardening of arteries

A

arteriosclerosis

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5
Q

special type of arteriosclerosis that results in an arterial blockage from a build-up of fatty deposits (plaque)

A

artherosclerosis

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6
Q

pain, discomfort, or equivalent in the chest, neck, jaw, arms, or other areas that may result from ischemia (sign of heart attack/CVD)

A

angina

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7
Q

shortness of breath/unusual fatigue at rest with mild exertion with usual activities

A

dyspnea

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8
Q

clot breaking off/blocking pulmonary vein

A

pulmonary embolism

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9
Q

non-modifiable risk factors for CVD

A

age, family history

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10
Q

modifiable risk factors for CVD

A

cigarette smoking, physical smoking, obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes

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11
Q

risk factor ages for CVD

A

men >45, women >55

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12
Q

what is high blood pressure

A

hypertension

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13
Q

normal blood pressure

A

systolic <120 diastolic <80

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14
Q

hypertension levels

A

systolic >130 diastolic >80

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15
Q

hypotension levels

A

90/60

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16
Q

what is low blood pressure

A

hypotension

17
Q

causes of hypertension

A

genetics, sodium, obesity, stress

18
Q

dietary approach to stop hypertension

A

DASH diet

19
Q

DASH diet sodium levels

A

<1500mg

20
Q

altered cholesterol profile

A

dyslipidemia

21
Q

good cholesterol

A

HDL

22
Q

bad cholesterol

A

LDL

23
Q

HDL levels

A

too little (bad for health): <30 mg/dL
normal: 40-60 mg/dL
high (good for health) >60 mg/dL

24
Q

LDL levels

A

desirable: <130 mg/dL
increased risk for CVD: >130 mg/dL

25
Q

how to improve dyslipidemia

A

diet, exercise, medication

26
Q

altered blood glucose (blood sugar) metabolism

A

diabetes

27
Q

consequences of diabetes

A

glycostylation of tissues, damage to vessels

28
Q

how to manage diabetes

A

control sugars and fats in diet, exercise, medication

29
Q

diet for diabetes

A

nutrient rich, limit fat, sugar, salt

30
Q

what is a “contributory” risk factor

A

risk factor that increases your risk of developing a[n actual] risk factor

31
Q

effect of alcohol consumption

A

increases hypertension, dyslipidemia, cancer, liver disease risk

32
Q

types of diabetes

A

type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, gestational diabetes

33
Q

what is gestational diabetes

A

diabetes (insulin resistance) developed during pregnancy

34
Q

what is type 1 diabetes

A

autoimmune, pancreas DOES NOT create insulin

35
Q

what is type 2 diabetes

A

body starts to become insulin resistant, the pancreas creates less insulin than it normally would, often a result of obesity

310 (3 decks)

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