CH1: What is Behavioral Neuroscience

Question 1

The human brain has evolved and grown to about (blank) pounds

Answer 1

three

Question 2

The human brain has (blank) neuron making 100 trillion connections

Answer 2

80

Question 3

Human brain is involved in most (blank)

Answer 3

bodily processes

Question 4

1990s is deemed as the (blank)

Answer 4

decade of the brain
- Period of intense research and awareness
- New understanding of neurological diseases, emotional disorders, and addictions

Question 5

What is behavioral neuroscience?

Answer 5

A study of the relationships between behavior and the body, specifically the brain

Question 6

What is behavior?

Answer 6

Both overt (external) and covert (internal) events

Question 7

What does overt mean?

Answer 7

making a sound, move a particular way

Question 8

What does covert mean?

Answer 8

learning, thinking, and emotion

Question 9

What is dualism?

Answer 9

The idea that the mind and brain are seaparate

Question 10

What is monism?

Answer 10

The idea that the mind and body consist of the same substance

Question 11

What is materialistic monism?

Answer 11

The view that the body and mind and everything else are physical

Question 12

What is a model?

Answer 12

A proposed mechanism for how something works

Question 13

What is empiricism?

Answer 13

Gathering information through observation

Question 14

What does localization refer to?

Answer 14

Specific areas of the brain carry out specific functions

Question 15

What is phrenology?

Answer 15

35 different faculties of emotion, intellect found in precise areas of the brain

Question 16

What is equipotentiality?

Answer 16

The brain can function as an undifferentiated whole

Question 17

What does nature versus nurture refer to?

Answer 17

An ongoing debate about how important heredity is relative to environmental influences in shaping behavior

Question 18

What is gene?

Answer 18

The biological unit that directs cellular processes and transmits inherited characteristics

Question 19

What is DNA?

Answer 19

Deoxyribonucleic acid. Double-stranded double helix chain of chemical molecules

Question 20

What is a zygote?

Answer 20

A fertilized egg which undergoes rapid cell division and development on its way to becoming a functioning organism

Question 21

Each parent contributes (blank) amount of chromosomes

Answer 21

23

Question 22

What is an embryo?

Answer 22

New organism as it develops over first 8 weeks

Question 23

What is a fetus?

Answer 23

Organism at developmental stage between 8 weeks and birth

Question 24

What is alleles?

Answer 24

Different versions of a gene

Question 25

What is a dominant allele?

Answer 25

Produces effect regardless of which allele it is paired with

Question 26

What is a recessive allele?

Answer 26

Has influence only when paired with the same allele

Question 27

What does heterozygous mean?

Answer 27

Two alleles are different

Question 28

What does homozygous mean?

Answer 28

two identical alleles

Question 29

What is a phenotype?

Answer 29

An observable characteristic

Question 30

What is a genotype?

Answer 30

A combinations of alleles

Question 31

What is X-linked?

Answer 31

A characteristic produced by an unpaired gene on the X-chromosome

Question 32

What is polygenic?

Answer 32

Characteristics determined by several genes

Question 33

What is a genome?

Answer 33

All the genes in our chromosomes

Question 34

What is the human genome project?

Answer 34

A project with the goal to map the location of all the genes on the human chromosomes

Question 35

What is gene expression?

Answer 35

Translation of encoded information into production of proteins

Question 36

What is natural selection?

Answer 36

Those whose genes endow them with more adaptive traits are more likely to survive and reproduce

Question 37

What is heritability?

Answer 37

Percentage of the variation in a characteristic attributed to genetic factors

Question 38

What is vulnerability?

Answer 38

Genes contribute to predisposition for a disorder