Ch.1 The Scientific Method

Question 1

Theory

Answer 1

A general principle or set of principles proposed to explain how a number of separate facts are related

Question 2

Hypothesis

Answer 2

A prediction about a relationship between two or more variables

Question 3

Replication

Answer 3

The process of repeating a study with different participants and preferably a different investigator to verify research findings

Question 4

The goals of psychology

Answer 4

Description exclamation prediction influence

Question 5

Basic research

Answer 5

Research conducted to seek the new knowledge and to explore and advance general scientific understanding

Question 6

Applied research

Answer 6

Research conducted specifically to solve practical problems and improve the quality of life

Question 7

Wilhelm wundt (1832-1920)

Answer 7

Generally thought of the father of psychology. His vision for the new discipline included studies of social and cultural influences on human thought.

Question 8

Introspection

Answer 8

As a research method involves looking inward to examine one’s own conscience experience and then reporting that experience

Question 9

What roles did Wundt and Titchener play in the founding of psychology?

Answer 9

Structuralism

Question 10

The orderly systematic procedure scientist follow in acquiring a body of knowledge compromise the

Answer 10

Scientific method

Question 11

________ is the process of repeating a study to determine whether the results were reliable

Answer 11

Replication

Question 12

The four goals of psychology are blank blank blank and blank

Answer 12

Description explanation prediction influence

Question 13

Applied research address is the blank goal

Answer 13

Influence

Question 14

Structuralism

Answer 14

The first formal school of thought in psychology which endeavored to analyze the basic elements of structure of conscious mental experience

Question 15

Functionalism

Answer 15

And early school of psychology that was concerned with how humans and animals use mental processes in adapting to their environment

Question 16

William James

Answer 16

First American psychologist

Question 17

Behaviorism

Answer 17

School of psychology founded by Jon B. Watson that use observable measurable behavior as the appropriate subject matter for psychology and emphasizes the role of environment as a determinant of behavior

Question 18

How do behaviorist explain behavior and mental processes?

Answer 18

Behaviorism

Also emphasizes that behavior is determined primarily by factors in the environment

Question 19

Psychoanalysis

Answer 19

The term Freud used for both his theory of personality of his therapy for the treatment
of psychological disorders; the unconscious is the primarily focus of psychoanalytic theory

Question 20

Humanistic psychology

Answer 20

The school of psychology that focuses on the uniqueness of human beings in there can Pacitti for choice growth and psychological health

Question 21

Cognitive psychology

Answer 21

The school of psychology that views humans as active participants in their environment; studies mental processes such as memory problem-solving, reasoning, decision making, perception, language and other forms of cognition
Views humans not as passive recipients who are pushed and pulled by environmental forces

Question 22

Gestalt psychology

Answer 22

Emphasize that individuals perceive objects in patterns as whole units in that the perceived whole is more than the sum of its parts

Question 23

Information processing theory

Answer 23

And approach to the study of mental structures and processes that use the computer as a model for human thinking

Question 24

Evolutionary psychology

Answer 24

Focuses on how the human behavior is required for survival have adopted in the face of environmental pressures over the long course of evolution

Question 25

Biological psychology

Answer 25

The school of psychology that looks for links between specific behaviors and equally specific biological processes that often help explain individual differences

Question 26

Neuroscience

Answer 26

Neuroscience combines the work of psychologist, biologists,

Biochemists, medical researchers and others in the study of the structure and function for the nervous system

Question 27

Sociocultural approach

Answer 27

Emphasizes social and cultural influences on human behavior and stresses the importance of understanding those influences when interpreting the behavior of others

Question 28

Psychological perspectives

Answer 28

Central point of view used for explaining people’s behavior and thinking weather normal or abnormal