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ATI Nutrition > Ch.1- Sources of Nutrition > Flashcards

Ch.1- Sources of Nutrition Flashcards

1
Q

What are carbohydrates composed of?

A

CHO (carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen)

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2
Q

Main function of carbs?

A

Energy for body

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3
Q

DRIs

A

Dietary Reference Intakes

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4
Q

RDAs

A

Recommended Dietary Allowances

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5
Q

EAR

A

Estimated Average Requirement

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6
Q

AI

A

Adequate Intake

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7
Q

UL

A

Tolerable Upper Intake Level

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8
Q

AMDRs

A

Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution

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9
Q

Average min DRI of carbs needed to fuel brain?

A

130g/day for adults and children
305g/day median intake for males 20 and older
228g/day median intake for adults, children, and females in same age range

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10
Q

AMDR for carbs?

A

45-65% of calories

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11
Q

Functions of carbs?

A
  • Provide energy for cellular work
  • Help regulate protein and fat metabolism
  • Brain and nervous require carbs for max effective functioning
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12
Q

Examples of monosaccharides

A
  • Glucose
  • Fructose
  • Galactose
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13
Q

Examples of disaccharides

A
  • Sucrose
  • Lactose
  • Maltose
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14
Q

Examples of polysaccharides

A
  • Starch
  • Fiber
  • Glycogen
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15
Q

How much starch does body digest in 1-4 hours?

A

95%

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16
Q

Where does digestion occur?

A

Small intestine (uses pancreatic amylase to reduce complex carbs into disaccharides)

17
Q

How much energy do digestible carbs provide?

A

4 cal/g

18
Q

What is dietary fiber?

A

Substance in plant foods that isn’t digestible

19
Q

Benefits of fiber?

A
  • Helps lower cholesterol
  • Lessen incidence of intestinal cancer
  • Helps keep blood glucose levels stable (slows rate of glucose absorption)
20
Q

Total AI (adequate intake) of fiber for males and females?

A
  • Males: 38g/day

- Females: 25g/day

21
Q

Complete proteins

A
  • from animal sources and soy

- contain sufficient amount of all nine essential amino acids

22
Q

Incomplete proteins

A
  • generally from plant sources

- can contain all insufficient number or quantity of amino acids (limits ability for protein synthesis)

23
Q

Complementary proteins

A

-incomplete proteins that when combined provide complete protein

24
Q

Metabolic functions of protein?

A
  • balance of nitrogen and water
  • support of immune system
  • facilitate acid-base fluid and electrolyte balance
25
Q

What is PEM and what causes it?

A
  • Protein Energy Malnutrition

- Malnutrition

26
Q

Sources for lipids?

A
  • dark meat
  • poultry skin
  • diary foods
  • added oils
27
Q

3 categories for lipids?

A
  • triglycerides (saturated and unsaturated)
  • phospholipids
  • sterols

ATI Nutrition (1 decks)

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