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Network+ > CH1: Intro to Networks > Flashcards

CH1: Intro to Networks Flashcards

1
Q

What is a network?

A

Two or more connected computers that can share resources

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2
Q

Local Area Network (LAN)

A

Spans specific geographical area
- building
- department
- home office
- best practice split LAN into smaller work groups = admin easier
- router connects LANs

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3
Q

Workstations

A

powerful computers that run more than one CPU

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4
Q

Servers

A
  • at service of network, provide services to hosts/clients
  • run specialized software = network os to maintain/control network
  • must have superior CPU, hard drive space, memory
  • better performance if servers are dedicated
    • file server
    • mail server
    • web server
    • etc
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5
Q

Hosts

A

Any device with an IP address

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6
Q

Metropolitan Area Network (MAN)

A

metro area used to interconnect various buildings/facilities

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7
Q

Wide Area Network (WAN)

A
  • internet
    Characteristics
  • router
  • large areas and connect disparate areas
  • usually slower (than LAN)
  • can choose how long to connect to WAN (LAN is all or nothing) [kinda like choosing to connect to the internet]
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8
Q

Internet

A

distributed WAN - made up of interconnected computers located in different areas
Internetwork - type of LAN/WAN that connects different logical networks
— made possible by routers

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9
Q

Personal Area Network (PAN)

A

close proximity connections
- bluetooth, infrared, zigbee
- usb, ethernet

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10
Q

Campus Area Network (CAN)

A

typically interconnects LANs on campus area

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11
Q

Storage Area Network (SAN)

A

exclusively for storage systems, interconnect servers to storage arrays
- found in data centers

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12
Q

Software-defined WAN

A

virtual WAN architecture

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13
Q

Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS)

A

one most popular WAN protocols
- physical layout flexibility
- prioritize data
- redundancy
- one-to-many connections

switching mechanism that imposes labels (#) on data and uses labels to forward data

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14
Q

Multipoint Generic Routing Encapsulation

A

protocol that dynamically creates and terminates connections
- no pre-configurations needed

-encap user data
-creates VPN connection

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15
Q

Main types of network architecture?

A

Peer-to-peer
Client-server

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16
Q

Peer-to-peer

A

No central authority
All computers are peers, connected together, all computers take on both client and server role

Best if:
- small # computers
- each user backups locally
- network doesn’t require much security

17
Q

Client-Server

A

single server uses network OS to manage the whole network
- everything on special server

Good:
- scalability
- optimized network performance

18
Q

Physical network topology

A

Location of all devices and cables on network - layout of network

19
Q

Logical topology

A

Show how data moves on network

20
Q

Bus topology

A

Has 2 distinct and terminated ends, all computers connect to one cable
- easy install + cheap

  • hard to troubleshoot
  • no fault tolerance
21
Q

Fault tolerance

A

the ability of the network to respond to a condition automatically and resolve it

22
Q

Star topology

A

Computers connected to central point with on cables or wireless connections
- more fault tolerant + scalable

  • single point of failure - central point
23
Q

What are the refined versions of the star topology?

A

Point-to-point link
wireless

24
Q

Ring topology

A

each computer directly connected to other computers on network
- not scalable = have to break the ring
- pricey
- not fault tolerant! obvs
- hard to reconfigure

25
Q

Mesh topology

A

connection from every machine to every other machine, lot of paths and connections, literal mesh
- full mesh least likely to have collison
n = hosts

n(n-1)/2 = # connections

26
Q

Hybrid mesh topolgy

A

have connections to create redundancy (backup)

27
Q

Point-to-point topology

A

direct connection between 2 routers/switches
- linked by serial cable = physical connection
- connected via circuit in frame relay or MPLS = logical

  • not scalable
28
Q

Point-to-Multipoint topology

A

connections from router interface to many other connections
router to multiple routers

29
Q

Network backbone

A

All network segments and severs connect to - gives structure

30
Q

Service related entry points

A

Demarcation point
- define points of responsibility
- carrier typically terminates with smart jack

31
Q

Virtual networking

A

provide networking services without hardware, software only

  • hypervisor = magic of virtual networking
    —– software that allows for many virtual machines to run on one computer

Network+ (5 decks)

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