Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Abd Review > Ch1 And Sono Review > Flashcards

Ch1 And Sono Review Flashcards

1
Q

Anemia

A

RBC count or the hemoglobin is decreased

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Anticoagulation Therapy

A

Drug therapy in which anticoagulant medications are given to a patient to slow the rate at which the patient’s blood clots

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Ascites

A

A collection of abdominal fluid within the peritoneal cavity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Chromatin Cells

A

the cells in the adrenal medulla that secrete epinephrine and norepinephrine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Clinical Findings

A

the information gathered by obtaining a clinical history

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Clinical History

A

a patient’s signs and symptoms, pertinent illnesses, past surgeries, laboratory findings, and the results of other diagnostic testing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Coagulopathies

A

disorders that result from the body’s inability to coagulate or form blood clots also referred to as bleeding disorders

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Computed tomography (CT)

A

an imaging modality that uses X-ray to obtain cross-sectional images of the body in multiple planes; also referred to as CT or CAT scan

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Elastography

A

a sonographic technique employed to evaluate a mass based on its stiffness, ultimately providing a prediction as to whether a mass is more likely malignant or benign

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Endoscopy

A

a means of looking inside of the human body using an endoscope

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Exudate Ascites

A

a collection of abdominal fluid within the peritoneal cavity that may be associated w/ cancer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Fluid-fluid level

A

A distinctive line seen within a cyst representing the layering of two different fluid densities

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Gastrin

A

hormone produced by the stomach lining that is used to regulate the release of digestive acid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

hematocrit

A

a laboratory value that indicates the amount of RBC in the blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Homeostasis

A

the body’s ability or tendency to maintain internal equilibrium by adjusting its physiologic processes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Hyperthyroidism

A

A condition that results from the overproduction of thyroid hormones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Hypothyroidism

A

a condition that results from the underproduction of thyroid hormones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Intraluminal

A

something located within the lumen or opening of an organ or structure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Intraperitoneal

A

located within the parietal peritoneum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Kaposi sarcoma

A

cancer that causes lesions to develop not the skin and other places; often associated with AIDS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Leukocytosis

A

an elevated WBC count

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Lymphadenopathy

A

disease or enlargement of the lymph nodes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

lymphedema

A

build-up of lymph that is most likely caused by the obstruction of lymph drainage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

mass effect

A

the displacement or alteration of normal anatomy that is located adjacent to a tumor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Morrison pouch

A

the space between the liver and the right kidney; also referred to as the posterior right subhepatic space

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Multiloculated

A

having many cavities

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

mural nodules

A

small solid internal projections of tissue originating from the wall of cyst

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

nosocomial infections

A

hospital-acquired infections

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

nuclear medicine

A

a diagnostic imaging modality that utilizes the administration of radionuclides into the human body for an analysis of the function of organs or for the treatment of various abnormalities

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

oncocytes

A

large cells of glandular origin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

paracentesis

A

a procedure that uses a needle to drain fluid from he abdominal cavity for diagnostic and/or therapeutic reasons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

parietal peritoneum

A

the portion of the peritoneum that lines the abdominal and pelvic cavities

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

pineal gland

A

endocrine gland located in the brain that secretes melatonin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

radiography

A

a diagnostic imaging modality that uses ionizing radiation for imaging bones, joints, organs, and some other soft tissue structures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

serial fluid

A

fluid that is secreted by the serous membranes to reduce friction in the peritoneal and other cavities of the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

signs

A

an objective evidence of disease such as abnormal laboratory findings and fever

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

sonographic findings

A

information gathered by performing a sonographic examination

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

space of Retzius

A

the space between the urinary bladder and the pubic bone; also referred to as the retropubic space

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

standoff pad

A

a gel pad that is used to provide some distance between the tx face and the skin surface, allowing superficial structures to be imaged more clearly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

symptoms

A

any subjective evidence of a disease such as nausea, weakness, or numbness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

thoracentesis

A

a procedure that uses a needle to drain fluid from the pleural cavity for either diagnostic or therapeutic reasons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

thymus gland

A

gland of the immune and lymphatic system located in the chest

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

transudate ascites

A

a collection of abdominal fluid within the peritoneal cavity often associated with cirrhosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

tumor markers

A

substances produced by cancer cells or organs in response to cancer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

unilocular

A

having a single cavity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

visceral peritoneum

A

the portion of the peritoneum that is closely applied to each organ

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

voiding cystourethrogram

A

a radiographic examination used to evaluate the lower urinary tract, where a contrast agent is instilled into the urinary bladder by means of urethral catheterization

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
48
Q

Wilson disease

A

a congenital disorder that causes a person to retain excess copper

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
49
Q

Normal echogenicity of the abdominal organs - Greatest (brightest) to least (darkest)

A

renal sinus -> pancreas -> spleen -> liver -> renal cortex -> renal pyramids -> gallbladder

50
Q

_ frequency = _ resolution = _ penetration

A

INCREASE frequency = INCREASE resolution = DECREASE penetration
DECREASE frequency = DECREASE resolution = INCREASE penetration

51
Q

intraperitoneal

A 
gallbladder
liver (except for bare area)
ovaries
spleen (except for splenic hilum)
stomach
52
Q

retroperitoneal

A 
abdominal lymph nodes
adrenal glands
aorta
ascending and descending colon
duodenum
ivc
kidneys
pancreas
prostate gland
ureters
urinary bladder
uterus
53
Q

subphrenic spaces

A

inferior to the diaphragm, divided into right and left

54
Q

subhepatic spaces is…

aka?

A

divided into right (anterior and posterior and left
right is located between the right lobe of the liver & right kidney
posterior right sub hepatic space is also referred to as MORRISON POUCH
left is located between the left lobe of liver & stomach

55
Q

retropubic space is…

AKA?

A

between the pubic bone and the urinary bladder

also referred to as the SPACE OF RETZIUS

56
Q

Lesser sac

A

between the stomach and pancreas

common location for pancreatic pseudocysts

57
Q

parabolic gutters

A

extend alongside the ascending and descending colon on both sides of the abdomen

58
Q

posterior cul-de-sac
Male:
aka?

Female:
AKA?

A

Male: between the urinary bladder & rectum, also referred to as the RECTOVESICAL POUCH

Female: between the uterus and rectum; also referred to as POUCH OF DOUGLAS and RECTOUTERINE POUCH

59
Q

anterior cul-de-sac

AKA in females:

A

between the urinary bladder and uterus

also called VESICOUTERINE POUCH in females

60
Q

adenoma

A

tumor of glandular origin is found in most organs

61
Q

adrenal rest tumor

A

tumor containing adrenal tissue usually in the testicle

62
Q

angiomyolipoma

A

tumor of blood vessels, muscle and fat usually found in the kidneys

63
Q

focal nodular hyperplasia

A

abnormal accumulation of cells within a focal region of an organ usually found in the liver

64
Q

granuloma

A

tumor consisting of a group of inflammatory cells usually found in the liver and spleen

65
Q

gastrinoma

A

tumor that secretes gastrin, usually in the pancreas

66
Q

hamartoma

A

tumor consisting of an overgrowth of numeral cells of an organ, usually found in the kidney

67
Q

hemangioma

A

tumor consisting of blood vessels, usually found in the liver, spleen, and kidney

68
Q

hematoma

A

localized collection of blood, can be found anywhere an organ/tissue is affected by trauma

69
Q

insulinoma

A

tumor that secretes insulin usually in the pancreas

70
Q

lipoma

A

tumor that consists of fat usually found in the liver, spleen, kidney and can be superficial

71
Q

oncocytoma

A

tumor consisting of oncocytes (lg cells of glandular origin) usually found in the kidney

72
Q

pheochromocytoma

A

tumor that consists of chromaffin cells (cells int he adrenal medulla that secretes epinephrine & no repinephrine) of the adrenal gland

73
Q

teratoma

A

tumor that consists of tissue from all three germ cell layers usually found in testicles or ovaries

74
Q

urinoma

A

localized collection of urine and can be adjacent to a kidney transplant

75
Q

adenocarcinoma

A

cancer of glandular origin usually found in the pancreas and gastrointestinal tract

76
Q

angiosarcoma

A

cancer int he lining of vessels (lymphatic or vascular) can be found in the spleen

77
Q

choriocarcinoma

A

cancer that consists of trophoblastic cells usually found in the testicle

78
Q

cholangiocarcinoma

A

cancer of the bile ducts usually found int he biliary tree

79
Q

cystadenocarcinoma

A

cancer that is fundamentally adenocarcinoma with cystic components usually found in the pancreas

80
Q

embryonal cell carcinoma

A

cancer that is of germ cell origin usually found int he testicle

81
Q

follicular carcinoma

A

cancer of aggressive abnormal epithelial cells usually the thyroid

82
Q

hepatocellular carcinoma (Hepatoma)

A

cancer that originates in the hepatocytes usually found in the liver

83
Q

hypernephroma (renal cell carcinoma)

A

cancer that originates in the tubules of the kidney

84
Q

leukemia (focal)

A

cancer of the blood cells usually found in the spleen, liver, and testicle

85
Q

lymphoma

A

cancer of the lymphatic system (spleen, kidney, and testicle)

86
Q

medullary carcinoma

A

cancer originating from he parafollicular cells of the thyroid

87
Q

papillary carcinoma

A

cancer that has formation of many irregular fingerlike projections (thyroid)

88
Q

seminoma

A

cancer that originates in the seminiferous tubules (testicle)

89
Q

transitional cell carcinoma

A

cancer that originates in the transitional epithelium of an organ or structure (bladder, ureter, and kidney)

90
Q

yolk sac tumor

A

cancer that is of germ cell origin (testicle)

91
Q

hepatoblastoma

A

pediatric abdominal masses (liver)

92
Q

Nephroblastoma

AKA

A

Wilms tumor

pediatric abdominal masses (kidney)

93
Q

Neuroblastoma

A

pediatric abdominal masses (adrenal gland)

94
Q

alpha-Fetoprotein

A

tumor marker that may be elevated with some cancers: liver, ovarian, and testicular cancers

95
Q

CA 15-3

A

tumor marker that may be elevated with some cancers: breast

96
Q

CA 19-9

A

tumor marker that may be elevated with some cancers:pancreatic, biliary tract, stomach, and colon

97
Q

CA-125

A

tumor marker that may be elevated with some cancers: ovarian

98
Q

Calcitonin

A

tumor marker that may be elevated with some cancers: medullary thyroid cancer

99
Q

beta-hCG

A

tumor marker that may be elevated with some cancers: testicular cancers and germ cell tumors

100
Q

LDH

A

tumor marker that may be elevated with some cancers: testicular, ovarian, and other germ cell tumors

101
Q

autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease

A

inherited condition that causes cysts in multiple organs; usually seen in adults later in life (kidneys, liver, spleen, and pancreas)

102
Q

autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease

A

inherited contain that causes cysts in the kidneys, renal failure, and hepatic fibrosis; usually discovered in utero or in newborns (kidneys and livers)

103
Q

AIDS & HIV

A

virus that attacks the immune system (liver, spleen, lymph nodes, and skin tumors (KAPOSI SARCOMA)

104
Q

Beckwith-Weidemann syndrome

A

growth disorder that causes enlargement of many organs and structures; increased risk for kidney and liver cancer in children (skill, abdominal visceromegaly, and tongue (macroglossia)

105
Q

Budd-CHiari syndrome

A

narrowing or occlusion of the hepatic veins and possible IVC (liver & IVC)

106
Q

Conn syndrome

A

results from high levels of aldosterone; can be caused by adrenal adenoma (adrenal glands)

107
Q

Crohn disease

A

autoimmune disease that causes chronic inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract (gastrointestinal tract)

108
Q

Cushing syndrome

A

results from high levels of cortisol; can be caused by adrenal adenoma (adrenal glands)

109
Q

Fitz-Hugh-Curtis syndrome

A

rare complication of pelvic inflammatory disease causing inflammation of the tissue around the liver

110
Q

Graves disease

A

associated with hyperthyroidism

111
Q

Hashimoto disease

A

associated with hypothyroidism

112
Q

Klinefelter syndrome

A

genetic condition in which a male has an extra X chromosome (testicles and male breast)

113
Q

Marfan syndrome

A

disorder of the connective tissue (heart, vascular structures, and skeleton)

114
Q

Mirizzi syndrome

A

jaundice, pain, and fever associated with a stone lodged in the cystic duct (liver, gallbladder, and biliary tract)

115
Q

Nephrotic syndrome

A

damaged filtration of kidneys causes excessive protein in the urine (proteinuria) (kidneys, swelling of feet and ankles)

116
Q

sarcoidosis

A

inflammatory disease that results in scar tissue development in multiple organs (liver, spleen, kidneys, testicles, lymphatic, and lungs)

117
Q

tuberculosis

A

infectious disease spread through the air (lungs, lymphatic, and testicles)

118
Q

tuberous sclerosis

A

rare genetic disorder that leads to the development of tumors within various organs (brain, heart, and kidneys (angiomyolipoma)

119
Q

von-Hippel-Lindau disease

A

rare genetic disorder characterized by cysts and tumors in various organs (pancreas, kidneys, and adrenal glands)

120
Q

Zollinger-Ellison syndrome

A

tumor (gastronome) int he pancreas or intestine that causes an increase in production of gastrin)

Abd Review (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions