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Fundamentals 1 > Ch1 > Flashcards

Ch1 Flashcards

1
Q

Which is true of Eysenck’s 1952 study on the effectiveness of psychotherapy?

A
  • There were methodological problems with his research

* Roughly 2/3rds of a group of neurotic patients got better whether they were treated by means of psychotherapy or not

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2
Q

According to Sexton

A
  • Counseling is a process from which most clients who remain involved for at least a few sessions benefit
  • When counseling effectiveness is calculated by determining the number of clients who improved, the results were amazingly similar across various studies.
  • On the basis of both client and counselor ratings, approximately 22% of clients made significant gains, 43% made moderate changes, while 27% made some improvement.
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3
Q

Which of the following is not true?

A

It is probably better to stick with one theoretical orientation than to try and match technique to clues to problem.

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4
Q

According to the book, which is not a natural helper style?

A

Empathizer

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5
Q

Which of the following is not a Core Area of Knowledge and Skills?

A

Collaboration

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6
Q

Which of the following is not a Core Area of Knowledge and Skills?

A 
•Helper Attitudes 
•Case Conceptualization
•Treatment Planning
•Case Management 
•Theory
-are all core areas
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7
Q

Which is not listed as an ethical, professional and cross-cultural issue?

A

Assuring that our values play an important role in the counseling relationship

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8
Q

Which is not listed as an ethical, professional and cross cultural issue?

A

•Assuring we have the necessary knowledge of cross-cultural differences
•Understanding the importance of the boundaries of the helping relationship
•Knowing what to do when a client is in danger of harming self or other
•Knowing when to refer a client to another therapist
-All are listed

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9
Q

According to the text in Chapter 1, which of the following has not been supported as one of the eight important attitudes or qualities to embrace?

A

Being self-disclosing

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10
Q

According to the text in Chapter 1, which of the following has not been supported as one of the eight important attitudes or qualities to embrace?

A

Being receptive

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11
Q

Which of the following is not a foundational skill as identified in th text?

A

Asking questions

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12
Q

Which of the following is not a commonly used skill as identified by the text?

A

Empathy

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13
Q

Which of the following is not a commonly used skill as identified by the text?

A

Conducting a structured interview

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14
Q

Which of the following is not an information-gathering skill as identified in the text?

A

Solution-focused skills of offering alternatives, information-giving, and giving advice

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15
Q

All but which of the following are generally true of diagnoses?

A
  • Almost all professional counselors use them these days
  • They are critical for treatment planning
  • Minorities are generally misdiagnosed at higher rates than whites
  • One generally uses the DSM-IV-TR in making a diagnosis
  • Natural helpers generally come up with non-researched diagnosis from popular literature

All of the above are true

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16
Q

According to the text, case conceptualization is all but which of the following?

A

Important to the experienced clinician, but not to the beginning counselors

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17
Q

Treatment plans are all but which of the following?

A
  • Rarely used by natural helpers
  • Based on one’s conceptualization of the client’s problems
  • Based on the diagnosis of the client
  • Critical in evaluation progress and in accountability

All are an aspect of treatment planning

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18
Q

Treatment plan generally include all but which of the following?

A

Case management techniques

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19
Q

All but which of the following is part of the case management process?

A

Conducting therapy

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20
Q

Theories are heuristic, which means:

A

They are researchable and testable

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21
Q

Theories are all but which of the following?

A

Fixed and never changing

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22
Q

In this stage, it is most important to ready oneself to accept the client’s issues and feelings, to not jump to conclusions about your client, to be prepared to view the client in a total context, and to take a self-inventory to assure you have the emotional readiness to work with your client.

A

Pre-interview

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23
Q

In this stage, it is important to show empathy, accept the client so he or she feels safe, be capable of building a relationship, be able to handle the client’s emotional issues, and have the competence to work with the client or to seek consultation or supervision.

A

Rapport and Trust Building

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24
Q

In this stage, your foundational skills and information-gathering skills are critical, and you need to be collaborative to assure that your expectations of counseling match client expectations.

A

Rapport and Trust Building

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25
Q

In this stage, you need to have the cognitive complexity to understand the client situation and you need to have the necessary skills to build a relationship and gather information to identify client needs.

A

Problem Identification

26
Q

In this stage, your foundational skills are important so that you can guide the client’s story, maintain rapport, and delve deeper. You also need information-gathering skills to ready yourself to develop goals and collaboration skills to assure client and counselor identification of problem areas match.

A

Problem Identification

27
Q

In this stage, your cognitive complexity allows for alternative methods of reaching goals, you are good at identifying problems, and you have a repertoire of skills that helps you identify what areas to work toward.

A

Goal Setting and Treatment Planning

28
Q

In this stage, you collaboratively work on developing strategies to solve problems. Also, you may give advice, offer alternatives, and give information.

A

Goal Setting and Treatment Planning

29
Q

In this stage, it is particularly important that you are competent and have mastery of your skills as you assist your client toward reaching his or her goals.

A

Work

30
Q

It is in this stage that you begin to apply skills based on your own theoretical orientation and also will likely use a number of commonly used skills such as affirmations, encouragement, self-disclosure, modeling, and confrontation.

A

Work

31
Q

In this stage it is critical that you show empathy toward your client and accept him or her as he or she expresses feelings about the ending of the relationship. Also, in this stage you need to be genuine about your feelings and be able to handle them.

A

Closure

32
Q

Listening and being empathic are particularly important in this stage as you help the client examine all of what he or she has learned and as you assist the client in leaving the relationship. Affirmation, modeling, self-disclosure, and collaboration are also important in this stage.

A

Closure

33
Q

It is important to be psychologically adjusted so that you maintain your boundaries in this stage, and you need to be competent to assure an accurate evaluation of what has occurred in the helping relationship.

A

Post-Interview

34
Q

Relative to case conceptualization, it is in this stage that a very early hypothesis about your client’s concerns and ancillary issues is made.

A

Rapport and Trust Building

35
Q

Relative to case conceptualization, it is in this stage that you identify problems, examine possible undetected issues as well as associated features, etiological factors, and sustaining factors.

A

Problem Identification

36
Q

Relative to case conceptualization, it is in this stage the conceptualization process yields a plan of action.

A

Goal Setting and Treatment Planning

37
Q

Relative to case conceptualization, it is in this stage that the client begins to address his or her issues.

A

Work

38
Q

In this stage a diagnosis is formally made and used to describe the client’s issues and communicate with others to help develop a treatment plan.

A

Problem Identification

39
Q

In this stage, a very tentative diagnosis is made.

A

Rapport and Trust Building

40
Q

In this stage, the competent clinician reconsiders the accuracy of the diagnosis and is open to changing it if necessary.

A

Goal Setting and Treatment Planning

41
Q

Relative to case management, in these three stages the clinician writes case notes, checks on business-related matters, and attends to required reports for supervisors, insurance companies, and funding agencies.

A
  • Problem Identification
  • Goal Setting and Treatment Planning
  • Work
42
Q

Relative to case management, in this stage the clinician deals with “ending” paperwork, billing issues, correspondence with other professionals, and after-planning.

A

Closure

43
Q

Relative to case management, in this stage the clinician assures the protection of files and records, conducts monitoring, conducts follow-up assessment, finalizes business matters, and responds to requests from referral sources.

A

Post-Interview

44
Q

All but which of the following is a purpose of ethical codes?

A

As one measure of defense if the professional issued for malpractice by offering a legal document one can take to court

45
Q

Some of the limitations of ethical codes include all but which of the following?

A

Codes are often so rigid that the professional finds himself or herself with few options

46
Q

Morality is concerned with _____, ethics with _____.

A

conduct: the collectively agreed upon “correct behavior”

47
Q

All but which of the following were defined in the text as ethical “hotspots” which all ethical codes address in some manner?

A

Power dynamics

48
Q

As defined by the text, which is not considered a critical ethical or legal issue?

A

Supervision of clients

49
Q

Which case was precedent-setting in terms of the importance of making sure that the clinician does all that is possible to assure a client does not harm himself or herself or another person?

A

Tarasoff

50
Q

Clinicians can break confidentiality in all but which of the following?

A

When protected by privileged communication and subpoenaed by the court

51
Q

The Jaffee v. Redmond case highlighted which of the following?

A

The right of licensed therapists to privilege communication relative to case notes

52
Q

The Freedom of Information Act does which of the following?

A

Allows access to information held in federal agencies

53
Q

The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) does which of the following?

A
  • Assures the right to information about patient records, except for counseling process notes
  • Assures privacy of patient records
54
Q

The Buckley Amendment (Family Education Rights and Privacy Act) does which of the following

A

Assures parents the right to access their children’s educational records

55
Q

Which legislative action led to the release of individuals from around the country who were being held against their will in psychiatric hospitals?

A

Donaldson v. O’Connor

56
Q

Which of the following is not a step in the decision-making model of Corey, et al. (1998)?

A

Consult with the client concerning the issue

57
Q

Which of the following did Kitchener (1984) not suggest?

A

To promote consensus value making in ethical decision-making

58
Q

Rest suggests that:

A

One should gauge and select underlying moral principles in making ethical decisions

59
Q

Developmental models of ethical decision making assume all of the following except:

A

Higher level thinkers are likely to rely more on ethical codes than lower level thinkers

60
Q

Generally, managed care has done all but which of the following?

A

Increased the kinds and number of provider choices

61
Q

Which of the following is true about the use of medication these days?

A
  • It has changed the application of helping skills at different stages of the relationship
  • It has forced the clinician to always consider whether or not medication should be used
62
Q

Relative to matching client problem with intervention strategy, which is correct?

A
  • It is best to have an array of intervention strategies so that the optimal technique can be matched to the client problem
  • Treatment plans should consider the kinds of strategies that match the client’s problem

Fundamentals 1 (2 decks)

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