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Database - Exam1 > ch1 > Flashcards

ch1 Flashcards

1
Q

database

A

organized collection of logically related data

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2
Q

data

A
  • stored objects that have meaning and importance

- two types: structured (table) and unstructure (media)

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3
Q

information

A

processed data to INCREASE KNOWLEDGE

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4
Q

metadata

A
  • data that describes data. gives data meaning. like the headers of the table.
  • includes: type, length, range, description
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5
Q

file processing systems

A
  • like a file cabinet. each business function has their own different one and format. decentralized, some duplication of data.
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6
Q

disadvantages of file processing systems

A
  • program data dependence
  • data duplication
  • limited data sharing
  • lengthy development times
  • excessive program maintenance

be careful not to put these in when developing your database

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7
Q

data models

A

graphical representation of nature and relationships of data

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8
Q

entity

A

NOUN. like an object in java.

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9
Q

attribute

A

data you are interested in keeping about entities

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10
Q

instance

A

each record of an entity

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11
Q

relational database

A

establish RELATIONSHIPS between entities by means of COMMON FIELDS. collection of tables that link to each other

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12
Q

database management systems (DBMS)

A

software system that enables use of database approach

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13
Q

data independence

A

separating metadata from applications that use the data. applications are not able to mess with metadata

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14
Q

redundant definition

A

able to be deleted without loss of function

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15
Q

user view

A

different users will have different views of same unified database

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16
Q

constraint

A

rule that cannot be violated by database users

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17
Q

data warehouse

A

combine historical data with new data to make bigger decisions

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18
Q

CASE tools

A

automated computer algorithms used to engineer data design

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19
Q

repository

A

restructure/recombine the data of other databases in a more meaningful manner to your task

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20
Q

application programs

A

allow you to easily use the data

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21
Q

system developers

A

design the database and applications

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22
Q

queries

A

commands against the database. like a command line. AKA ad-hoc querying - takes more technical skills

23
Q

personal database

A

designed for one user. like your itunes lib. but they are difficult for others to use

24
Q

workgroup

A

small group <25 users that work on same project

25
Q

two-tier client server database

A

computers use centralized database. does introduce some new issues to think about. best for <100 users

26
Q

mutitier client server database

A

heavy application logic is done “in the cloud” and data relayed to client tier. best for 100-1000 users

27
Q

enterprise applications

A

scope is the entire business

28
Q

ERP

A

enterprise resource planning. cross functional. allows easy syncronization of activities. best for >100 users

29
Q

extranet

A

like the internet but only for allowed B2B customers

30
Q

intranet

A

like the internet but used only by internal employees

31
Q

hierarchial model

A

files organized like a tree

32
Q

object oriented model

A

object classes and relationships between them. good for multimedia.

33
Q

object relational model

A

hybrid between OO and relational models

34
Q

multidimensional database

A

basis of data warehouse. view in cubes or star schema

35
Q

enterprise data modeling

A

scope and general contents of databases are designed

36
Q

compendium

A

brief summary of larger work; paraphrase

37
Q

top up approach

A

try to meet organization goals; upper management

38
Q

bottom up approach

A

features requested by users

39
Q

systems development life cycle

A

methodology used to develop, maintain, and replace info systems

40
Q

enterprise modeling

A

figure out what data you have and what you in proposed systems. pick the best one system.

41
Q

conceptual data modeling

A

develop high level data model and then do a detailed plan with everything. same as conceptual schema

42
Q

conceptual schema

A

detail structure of organizational data, important entities and attributes, NOT database design. high level so management can understand

43
Q

logical database design

A

different format of conceptual schema. more technical but still somewhat independent from underlying technology

44
Q

physical schema

A

specifications for how the logical schema will run on actual hardware. what will be on which servers?

45
Q

database maintenance

A

longest part of life cycle. database will have to evolve according to needs

46
Q

prototyping

A

iterative process, continual communication between users and analysts to converge on needs. try new things all the time?

47
Q

agile software development

A

focus on individuals, not the computers

48
Q

three schema architecture

A

1) external schema (user view)
2) conceptual schema (admin view)
3) internal schema (logical+physical schemas)

49
Q

project

A

planned undertaking that has specific beginning and end

50
Q

one to many relationship

A

one entity contains many of another entity

51
Q

primary key

A

d

52
Q

index

A

copy some data into another table for ease of access. example: index of all last names starting with L

53
Q

systems development life cycle general steps

A

1) planning
2) analysis
3) design
4) implementation
5) maintenance

Database - Exam1 (5 decks)

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